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Numerical simulations in the general field of civil engineering are common for the design process of structures and/or the assessment of existing buildings. The behaviour of these structures is analytically unknown and is approximated with numerical simulation methods like the Finite Element Method (FEM). Therefore the real structure is transferred into a global model (GM, e.g. concrete bridge) with a wide range of sub models (partial models PM, e.g. material modelling, creep). These partial models are coupled together to predict the behaviour of the observed structure (GM) under different conditions. The engineer needs to decide which models are suitable for computing realistically and efficiently the physical processes determining the structural behaviour. Theoretical knowledge along with the experience from prior design processes will influence this model selection decision. It is thus often a qualitative selection of different models. The goal of this paper is to present a quantitative evaluation of the global model quality according to the simulation of a bridge subject to direct loading (dead load, traffic) and indirect loading (temperature), which induce restraint effects. The model quality can be separately investigated for each partial model and also for the coupled partial models in a global structural model. Probabilistic simulations are necessary for the evaluation of these model qualities by using Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis. The method is applied to the simulation of a semi-integral concrete bridge with a monolithic connection between the superstructure and the piers, and elastomeric bearings at the abutments. The results show that the evaluation of global model quality is strongly dependent on the sensitivity of the considered partial models and their related quantitative prediction quality. This method is not only a relative comparison between different models, but also a quantitative representation of model quality using probabilistic simulation methods, which can support the process of model selection for numerical simulations in research and practice.
Safety operation of important civil structures such as bridges can be estimated by using fracture analysis. Since the analytical methods are not capable of solving many complicated engineering problems, numerical methods have been increasingly adopted. In this paper, a part of isotropic material which contains a crack is considered as a partial model and the proposed model quality is evaluated. EXtended IsoGeometric Analysis (XIGA) is a new developed numerical approach [1, 2] which benefits from advantages of its origins: eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) and IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA). It is capable of simulating crack propagation problems with no remeshing necessity and capturing singular field at the crack tip by using the crack tip enrichment functions. Also, exact representation of geometry is possible using only few elements. XIGA has also been successfully applied for fracture analysis of cracked orthotropic bodies [3] and for simulation of curved cracks [4]. XIGA applies NURBS functions for both geometry description and solution field approximation. The drawback of NURBS functions is that local refinement cannot be defined regarding that it is based on tensorproduct constructs unless multiple patches are used which has also some limitations. In this contribution, the XIGA is further developed to make the local refinement feasible by using Tspline basis functions. Adopting a recovery based error estimator in the proposed approach for evaluation of the model quality and performing the adaptive processes is in progress. Finally, some numerical examples with available analytical solutions are investigated by the developed scheme.
This paper presents a robust model updating strategy for system identification of wind turbines. To control the updating parameters and to avoid ill-conditioning, the global sensitivity analysis using the elementary effects method is conducted. The formulation of the objective function is based on M¨uller-Slany’s strategy for multi-criteria functions. As a simulationbased optimization, a simulation adapter is developed to interface the simulation software ANSYS and the locally developed optimization software MOPACK. Model updating is firstly tested on the beam model of the rotor blade. The defect between the numerical model and the reference has been markedly reduced by the process of model updating. The effect of model updating becomes more pronounced in the comparison of the measured and the numerical properties of the wind turbine model. The deviations of the frequencies of the updated model are rather small. The complete comparison including the free vibration modes by the modal assurance criteria shows the excellent coincidence of the modal parameters of the updated model with the ones from the measurements. By successful implementation of the model validation via model updating, the applicability and effectiveness of the solution concept has been demonstrated.
MODEL DESCRIBING STATIC AND DYNAMIC DISPLACEMENTS OF SILOS WALL DURING THE FLOW OF LOOSE MATERIAL
(2012)
Correct evaluation of wall displacements is a key matter when designing silos. This issue is important from both the standpoint of design engineer (load-bearing capacity of structures) and end-consumer (durability of structures). Commonplace methods of silo design mainly focus on satisfying limit states of load-bearing capacity. Current standards fail to specify methods of dynamic displacements analysis. Measurements of stressacting on silo walls prove that the actual stress is sum of static and dynamic stresses. Janssen came up with differential equation describing state of static equilibrium in cross-section of a silo. By solving the equation static stress of granular solid on silo walls can be determined. Equations of motion were determined from equilibrium equations of feature objects. General solution, describing dynamic stresses was presented as parametric model. This paper presents particular integrals of differential equation, which enable analysing displacements and vibrations for different rigidities of silo walls, types of granular solid and its flow rate.
Bridge vibration due to traffic loading has been subject of extensive research in the last decades. Such studies are concerned with deriving solutions for the bridge-vehicle interaction (BVI) and analyzing the dynamic responses considering randomness of the coupled model’s (BVI) input parameters and randomness of road unevenness. This study goes further to examine the effects of such randomness of input parameters and processes on the variance of dynamic responses in quantitative measures. The input parameters examined in the sensitivity analysis are, stiffness and damping of vehicle’s suspension system, axle spacing, and stiffness and damping of bridge. This study also examines the effects of the initial excitation of a vehicle on the influences of the considered input parameters. Variance based sensitivity analysis is often applied to deterministic models. However, the models for the dynamic problem is a stochastic one due to the simulations of the random processes. Thus, a setting using a joint meta-model; one for the mean response and other for the dispersion of the response is developed. The joint model is developed within the framework of Generalized Linear Models (GLM). An enhancement of the GLM procedure is suggested and tested; this enhancement incorporates Moving Least Squares (MLS) approximation algorithms in the fitting of the mean component of the joint model. The sensitivity analysis is then performed on the joint-model developed for the dynamic responses caused by BVI.
In this paper we review two distint complete orthogonal systems of monogenic polynomials over 3D prolate spheroids. The underlying functions take on either values in the reduced and full quaternions (identified, respectively, with R3 and R4), and are generally assumed to be nullsolutions of the well known Riesz and Moisil Théodoresco systems in R3. This will be done in the spaces of square integrable functions over R and H. The representations of these polynomials are explicitly given. Additionally, we show that these polynomial functions play an important role in defining the Szegö kernel function over the surface of 3D spheroids. As a concrete application, we prove the explicit expression of the monogenic Szegö kernel function over 3D prolate spheroids.
DISCRETE CRACK MODEL OF BORCZ FOR CALCULATING THE DEFLECTIONS OF BENDING REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
(2012)
In the design of the reinforced concrete beams loaded by the bending moment, it is assumed that the structure can be used at a level of load, that there are local discontinuities - cracks. Designing the element demands checking two limit states of construction, load capacity and usability. Limit states usability include also the deflection of the element. Deflections in the reinforced concrete beams with cracks are based on actual rigidity of the element. After cracking there is a local change in rigidity of the beam. The rigidity is variable in the element’s length and due to the heterogeneous structure of concrete, it is not possible to clearly describe those changes. Most standards of testing methods tend to simplify the calculations and take the average value of the beam’s rigidity on its entire length. The rigidity depends on the level of the maximal load of the beam. Experimental researches verify the value by inserting the coefficients into the formulas used in the theory of elasticity. The researches describe the changes in rigidity in the beam’s length more precisely. The authors take into consideration the change of rigidity, depending on the level of maximum load (continuum models), or localize the changes in rigidity in the area of the cracks (discrete models). This paper presents one of the discrete models. It is distinguished by the fact that the left side of the differential equation, that depends on the rigidity, is constant, and all effects associated with the scratches are taken as the external load and placed on the right side of the equation. This allows to generalize the description. The paper presents a particular integral of the differential equation, which allow analyzing the displacement and vibration for different rigidity of the silo’s walls, the flow rate and type of the flowing material.
In this paper experimental studies and numerical analysis carried out on reinforced concrete beam are partially reported. They aimed to apply the rigid finite element method to calculations for reinforced concrete beams using discrete crack model. Hence rotational ductility resulting from crack occurrence had to be determined. A relationship for calculating it in static equilibrium was proposed. Laboratory experiments proved that dynamic ductility is considerably smaller. Therefore scaling of the empirical parameter was carried out. Consequently a formula for its value depending on reinforcement ratio was obtained.
The Bernstein polynomials are used for important applications in many branches of Mathematics and the other sciences, for instance, approximation theory, probability theory, statistic theory, num- ber theory, the solution of the di¤erential equations, numerical analysis, constructing Bezier curves, q-calculus, operator theory and applications in computer graphics. The Bernstein polynomials are used to construct Bezier curves. Bezier was an engineer with the Renault car company and set out in the early 1960’s to develop a curve formulation which would lend itself to shape design. Engineers may …nd it most understandable to think of Bezier curves in terms of the center of mass of a set of point masses. Therefore, in this paper, we study on generating functions and functional equations for these polynomials. By applying these functions, we investigate interpolation function and many properties of these polynomials.
A concept of non-commutative Galois extension is introduced and binary and ternary extensions are chosen. Non-commutative Galois extensions of Nonion algebra and su(3) are constructed. Then ternary and binary Clifford analysis are introduced for non-commutative Galois extensions and the corresponding Dirac operators are associated.
New foundations for geometric algebra are proposed based upon the existing isomorphisms between geometric and matrix algebras. Each geometric algebra always has a faithful real matrix representation with a periodicity of 8. On the other hand, each matrix algebra is always embedded in a geometric algebra of a convenient dimension. The geometric product is also isomorphic to the matrix product, and many vector transformations such as rotations, axial symmetries and Lorentz transformations can be written in a form isomorphic to a similarity transformation of matrices. We collect the idea that Dirac applied to develop the relativistic electron equation when he took a basis of matrices for the geometric algebra instead of a basis of geometric vectors. Of course, this way of understanding the geometric algebra requires new definitions: the geometric vector space is defined as the algebraic subspace that generates the rest of the matrix algebra by addition and multiplication; isometries are simply defined as the similarity transformations of matrices as shown above, and finally the norm of any element of the geometric algebra is defined as the nth root of the determinant of its representative matrix of order n×n. The main idea of this proposal is an arithmetic point of view consisting of reversing the roles of matrix and geometric algebras in the sense that geometric algebra is a way of accessing, working and understanding the most fundamental conception of matrix algebra as the algebra of transformations of multilinear quantities.
We briefly review and use the recent comprehensive research on the manifolds of square roots of −1 in real Clifford geometric algebras Cl(p,q) in order to construct the Clifford Fourier transform. Basically in the kernel of the complex Fourier transform the complex imaginary unit j is replaced by a square root of −1 in Cl(p,q). The Clifford Fourier transform (CFT) thus obtained generalizes previously known and applied CFTs, which replaced the complex imaginary unit j only by blades (usually pseudoscalars) squaring to −1. A major advantage of real Clifford algebra CFTs is their completely real geometric interpretation. We study (left and right) linearity of the CFT for constant multivector coefficients in Cl(p,q), translation (x-shift) and modulation (w -shift) properties, and signal dilations. We show an inversion theorem. We establish the CFT of vector differentials, partial derivatives, vector derivatives and spatial moments of the signal. We also derive Plancherel and Parseval identities as well as a general convolution theorem.
This paper presents a methodology for uncertainty quantification in cyclic creep analysis. Several models- , namely BP model, Whaley and Neville model, modified MC90 for cyclic loading and modified Hyperbolic function for cyclic loading are used for uncertainty quantification. Three types of uncertainty are included in Uncertainty Quantification (UQ): (i) natural variability in loading and materials properties; (ii) data uncertainty due to measurement errors; and (iii) modelling uncertainty and errors during cyclic creep analysis. Due to the consideration of all type of uncertainties, a measure for the total variation of the model response is achieved. The study finds that the BP, modified Hyperbolic and modified MC90 are best performing models for cyclic creep prediction in that order. Further, global Sensitivity Analysis (SA) considering the uncorrelated and correlated parameters is used to quantify the contribution of each source of uncertainty to the overall prediction uncertainty and to identifying the important parameters. The error in determining the input quantities and model itself can produce significant changes in creep prediction values. The variability influence of input random quantities on the cyclic creep was studied by means of the stochastic uncertainty and sensitivity analysis namely the Gartner et al. method and Saltelli et al. method. All input imperfections were considered to be random quantities. The Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) numerical simulation method (Monte Carlo type method) was used. It has been found by the stochastic sensitivity analysis that the cyclic creep deformation variability is most sensitive to the Elastic modulus of concrete, compressive strength, mean stress, cyclic stress amplitude, number of cycle, in that order.
The 19th International Conference on the Applications of Computer Science and Mathematics in Architecture and Civil Engineering will be held at the Bauhaus University Weimar from 4th till 6th July 2012. Architects, computer scientists, mathematicians, and engineers from all over the world will meet in Weimar for an interdisciplinary exchange of experiences, to report on their results in research, development and practice and to discuss. The conference covers a broad range of research areas: numerical analysis, function theoretic methods, partial differential equations, continuum mechanics, engineering applications, coupled problems, computer sciences, and related topics. Several plenary lectures in aforementioned areas will take place during the conference.
We invite architects, engineers, designers, computer scientists, mathematicians, planners, project managers, and software developers from business, science and research to participate in the conference!
Monogenic functions play a role in quaternion analysis similarly to that of holomorphic functions in complex analysis. A holomorphic function with nonvanishing complex derivative is a conformal mapping. It is well-known that in Rn+1, n ≥ 2 the set of conformal mappings is restricted to the set of Möbius transformations only and that the Möbius transformations are not monogenic. The paper deals with a locally geometric mapping property of a subset of monogenic functions with nonvanishing hypercomplex derivatives (named M-conformal mappings). It is proved that M-conformal mappings orthogonal to all monogenic constants admit a certain change of solid angles and vice versa, that change can characterize such mappings. In addition, we determine planes in which those mappings behave like conformal mappings in the complex plane.
The aim of this paper we discuss explicit series constructions for the fundamental solution of the Helmholtz operator on some important examples non-orientable conformally at manifolds. In the context of this paper we focus on higher dimensional generalizations of the Klein bottle which in turn generalize higher dimensional Möbius strips that we discussed in preceding works. We discuss some basic properties of pinor valued solutions to the Helmholtz equation on these manifolds.
This paper is focused on the first numerical tests for coupling between analytical solution and finite element method on the example of one problem of fracture mechanics. The calculations were done according to ideas proposed in [1]. The analytical solutions are constructed by using an orthogonal basis of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions. For coupling with finite element method the special elements are constructed by using the trigonometric interpolation theorem.
The aim of our contribution is to clarify the relation between totally regular variables and Appell sequences of hypercomplex holomorphic polynomials (sometimes simply called monogenic power-like functions) in Hypercomplex Function Theory. After their introduction in 2006 by two of the authors of this note on the occasion of the 17th IKM, the latter have been subject of investigations by different authors with different methods and in various contexts. The former concept, introduced by R. Delanghe in 1970 and later also studied by K. Gürlebeck in 1982 for the case of quaternions, has some obvious relationship with the latter, since it describes a set of linear hypercomplex holomorphic functions all power of which are also hypercomplex holomorphic. Due to the non-commutative nature of the underlying Clifford algebra, being totally regular variables or Appell sequences are not trivial properties as it is for the integer powers of the complex variable z=x+ iy. Simple examples show also, that not every totally regular variable and its powers form an Appell sequence and vice versa. Under some very natural normalization condition the set of all para-vector valued totally regular variables which are also Appell sequences will completely be characterized. In some sense the result can also be considered as an answer to a remark of K. Habetha in chapter 16: Function theory in algebras of the collection Complex analysis. Methods, trends, and applications, Akademie-Verlag Berlin, (Eds. E. Lanckau and W. Tutschke) 225-237 (1983) on the use of exact copies of several complex variables for the power series representation of any hypercomplex holomorphic function.
In this paper, wavelet energy damage indicator is used in response surface methodology to identify the damage in simulated filler beam railway bridge. The approximate model is addressed to include the operational and surrounding condition in the assessment. The procedure is split into two stages, the training and detecting phase. During training phase, a so-called response surface is built from training data using polynomial regression and radial basis function approximation approaches. The response surface is used to detect the damage in structure during detection phase. The results show that the response surface model is able to detect moderate damage in one of bridge supports while the temperatures and train velocities are varied.
Civil engineers take advantage of models to design reliable structures. In order to fulfill the design goal with a certain amount of confidence, the utilized models should be able to predict the probable structural behavior under the expected loading schemes. Therefore, a major challenge is to find models which provide less uncertain and more robust responses. The problem gets even twofold when the model to be studied is a global model comprised of different interacting partial models. This study aims at model quality evaluation of global models with a focus on frame-wall systems as the case study. The paper, presents the results of the first step taken toward accomplishing this goal. To start the model quality evaluation of the global frame-wall system, the main element (i.e. the wall) was studied through nonlinear static and dynamic analysis using two different modeling approaches. The two selected models included the fiber section model and the Multiple-Vertical-Line-Element-Model (MVLEM). The influence of the wall aspect ratio (H=L) and the axial load on the response of the models was studied. The results from nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of both models are presented and compared. The models resulted in quite different responses in the range of low aspect ratio walls under large axial loads due to different contribution of the shear deformations to the top displacement. In the studied cases, the results implied that careful attention should be paid to the model quality evaluation of the wall models specifically when they are supposed to be coupled to other partial models such as a moment frame or a soil-footing substructure which their response is sensitive to shear deformations. In this case, even a high quality wall model would not result in a high quality coupled system since it fails to interact properly with the rest of the system.
The aim of this study is to show an application of model robustness measures for soilstructure interaction (henceforth written as SSI) models. Model robustness defines a measure for the ability of a model to provide useful model answers for input parameters which typically have a wide range in geotechnical engineering. The calculation of SSI is a major problem in geotechnical engineering. Several different models exist for the estimation of SSI. These can be separated into analytical, semi-analytical and numerical methods. This paper focuses on the numerical models of SSI specific macro-element type models and more advanced finite element method models using contact description as continuum or interface elements. A brief description of the models used is given in the paper. Following this description, the applied SSI problem is introduced. The observed event is a static loaded shallow foundation with an inclined load. The different partial models to consider the SSI effects are assessed using different robustness measures during numerical application. The paper shows the investigation of the capability to use these measures for the assessment of the model quality of SSI partial models. A variance based robustness and a mathematical robustness approaches are applied. These different robustness measures are used in a framework which allows also the investigation of computational time consuming models. Finally the result shows that the concept of using robustness approaches combined with other model–quality indicators (e.g. model sensitivity or model reliability) can lead to unique model–quality assessment for SSI models.
Non-destructive techniques for damage detection became the focus of engineering interests in the last few years. However, applying these techniques to large complex structures like civil engineering buildings still has some limitations since these types of structures are
unique and the methodologies often need a large number of specimens for reliable results. For this reason, cost and time can greatly influence the final results.
Model Assisted Probability Of Detection (MAPOD) has taken its place among the ranks of damage identification techniques, especially with advances in computer capacity and modeling tools. Nevertheless, the essential condition for a successful MAPOD is having a reliable model in advance. This condition is opening the door for model assessment and model quality problems. In this work, an approach is proposed that uses Partial Models (PM) to compute the Probability Of damage Detection (POD). A simply supported beam, that can be structurally modified and
tested under laboratory conditions, is taken as an example. The study includes both experimental and numerical investigations, the application of vibration-based damage detection approaches and a comparison of the results obtained based on tests and simulations.
Eventually, a proposal for a methodology to assess the reliability and the robustness of the models is given.
It is well known that complex quaternion analysis plays an important role in the study of higher order boundary value problems of mathematical physics. Following the ideas given for real quaternion analysis, the paper deals with certain orthogonal decompositions of the complex quaternion Hilbert space into its subspaces of null solutions of Dirac type operator with an arbitrary complex potential. We then apply them to consider related boundary value problems, and to prove the existence and uniqueness as well as the explicit representation formulae of the underlying solutions.
Der Nachbehandlung eines Fahrbahndeckenbetons kommt zum Erzielen eines hohen Frost-Tausalz-Widerstandes der fertigen Betondecke eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Bei der Waschbetonbauweise erfolgt die Nachbehandlung in mehreren Schritten. Eine erste Nachbehandlung gewährleistet den Verdunstungsschutz des Betons bis zum Zeitpunkt des Ausbürstens des verzögerten Oberflächenmörtels. Daran schließt sich die zweite Nachbehandlung an, in der Regel durch Aufsprühen eines flüssigen Nachbehandlungsmittels.
Der zweite Nachbehandlungsschritt ist entscheidend für den Frost-Tausalz-Widerstand der Betondecke. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes wurde daher untersucht, inwiefern durch eine Optimierung der zweiten Nachbehandlung der Frost-Tausalz-Widerstand von Waschbetonoberflächen erhöht werden kann, insbesondere bei Verwendung hüttensandhaltiger Zemente. Schon durch eine einmalige Nassnachbehandlung wurde eine deutlich höherer Widerstand der Waschbetons gegen Frost-Tausalz-Angriff erzielt.
Die besondere Aggressivität von hochkonzentrierten Magnesiumsulfatlösungen bei Einwirkung auf Beton ist seit vielen Jahrzehnten bekannt. Neben dem Sulfat greift zusätzlich auch das Magnesium den Zementstein an. Bei hohen Lösungskonzentrationen nimmt der Magnesiumangriff gegenüber dem Sulfatangriff sogar eine dominante Rolle ein. Magnesiumgehalte unter 300 mg/l im Grundwasser gelten allerdings bislang als nicht angreifend. In Auslagerungs- und Laborversuchen wurde jedoch festgestellt, dass auch bei praxisrelevanten Magnesium- (<300 mg/l) und Sulfatgehalten (1.500 mg/l) das Magnesium zu einer deutlichen Verschärfung des Sulfatangriffes bei niedrigen Temperaturen führte. Diese Verschärfung trat bei Mörteln und Betonen auf, bei denen der erhöhte Sulfatwiderstand durch einen teilweisen Zementersatz mit 20 % Flugasche zu einem CEM II/A-LL erreicht werden sollte, gemäß der Flugascheregelung nach EN 206-1/DIN 1045-2.
Bei einem teilweisen Zementersatz durch 30 % Flugasche konnte auch in magnesiumhaltigen Sulfatlösungen eine deutliche Verbesserung des Sulfatwiderstandes erreicht werden. Mörtel mit HS-Zement als Bindemittel wiesen keinerlei Schäden auf. Schadensverursachend war eine Kombination mehrerer Einflüsse. Zum einen wurde der Sulfatwiderstand des Zement-Flugasche-Systems durch die unzureichende Reaktion der Flugasche infolge der niedrigen Lagerungstemperatur geschwächt. Zum anderen konnte durch die Einwirkung des Magnesiums in der Randzone vermutlich eine Destabilisierung der C-S-H-Phasen erfolgen, wodurch die Thaumasitbildung an dieser Stelle forciert wurde. Zusätzlich wurde durch den Portlanditverbrauch und die pH-Wert-Absenkung in der Randzone die puzzolanische Reaktion der Flugasche behindert.
SENSORY TECTONICS
(2011)
Kari Jormakka has been teaching architectural theory at the Bauhaus University in Weimar since 2007. In addition, he has been an Ordinarius Professor of architectural theory at Vienna University of Technology since 1998. Previously, he has taught at the Knowlton School of Architecture at the Ohio State University, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Tampere University of Technology as well as Harvard University. Author of ten books and many papers on architectural history and theory, he studied architecture at Otaniemi University in Helsinki and at Tampere University of Technology, as well as philosophy at Helsinki University.
M. Christine Boyer is an urban historian whose interests include the history of the American city, city planning, preservation planning, and computer science. Before coming to Princeton University in 1991, Boyer was professor and chair of the City and Regional Planning Program at Pratt Institute. She was a visiting professor in the Ph.D. program at TU Deflt School of Design for Spring 2005. She has written extensively about American urbanism. Her publications include Dreaming the Rational City: The Myth of American City Planning 1890 –1945 (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1983), Manhattan Manners: Architecture and Style 1850-1900 (New York: Rizzoli, 1985), The City of Collective Memory (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1994), and CyberCities (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1996).
Geb. 1956 in Zürich; nach Berufslehre und -tätigkeit in der Chemischen Industrie Studium der Kunstwissenschaft, Geschichte, Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Mittelalterarchäologie. 1992 Promotion zum Dr. phil., danach Oberassistent am Institut für Denkmalpflege der Architekturabteilung der ETH Zürich, unterbrochen durch Forschungsaufenthalt als Mitglied des Istituto Svizzero in Rom. Lehraufträge an den Universitäten Basel, Bern und Zürich sowie an der ETH Zürich. 2000 Habilitation an der Philosophisch-Historischen Fakultät der Universität Basel, ebd. bis 2007 Privatdozent für Kunstwissenschaft. Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter und Leiter von Nationalfonds-Projekten. 2003 Berufung auf die Professur für Denkmalkunde und angewandte Bauforschung an der Fakultät Architektur der Technischen Universität Dresden. Seit Januar 2008 Professor für Denkmalpflege und Baugeschichte an der Fakultät Architektur der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. Forschungen und Publikation zur Architektur- und Kunstgeschichte hauptsächlich des Mittelalters, zur Rezeptions- und Fachgeschichte sowie zur Geschichte und Theorie der Denkmalpflege. (Mit-)Organisator zahlreicher internationaler Tagungen. Mitglied zahlreicher Denkmalpflegerischer Arbeitskreise und Gremien.
Lara Schrijver is an assistant professor at the Faculty of Architecture of the TU Delft. She is one of three program leaders for a new research program in the department of architecture, ‘The Architectural Project and its Foundations’. Schrijver holds degrees in architecture from Princeton University and the TU Delft. She received her Ph.D. from the TU Eindhoven in 2005. Schrijver has taught design and theory courses, and contributed to conferences in the Netherlands as well as abroad. She was an editor for OASE, journal for architecture, for ten years, and was co-organizer of the 2006 conference ‘The Projective Landscape’. Her current work revolves around the role of architecture in the city, and its responsibility in defining the public domain. Her first book, Radical Games, on the influence of the 1960s on contemporary discourse, is forthcoming in the spring of 2009.
EXTRA-STATECRAFT
(2011)
Keller Easterling is an architect, urbanist, and writer. Her latest book, Enduring Innocence: Global Architecture and Its Political Masquerades (MIT, 2005), researches familiar spatial products that have landed in difficult or hyperbolic political situations around the world. Her previous book, Organization Space: Landscapes, Highways and Houses in America, applies network theory to a discussion of American infrastructure and development formats. A forthcoming book, Extrastatecraft, researches global infrastructure as a medium of polity. Ms. Easterling is also the author of Call It Home, a laser disc history of suburbia, and American Town Plans. She has recently completed two research installations on the Web: “Wildcards: A Game of Orgman” and “Highline: Plotting NYC.” Her work has been widely published in journals such as Grey Room, Volume, Cabinet, Assemblage, Log, Praxis, Harvard Design Magazine, Perspecta, Metalocus, and ANY. Her work is also included as chapters in numerous publications. She has lectured widely in the United States as well as internationally. Ms. Easterling’s work has been exhibited at the Queens Museum, the Architectural League, the Municipal Arts Society, and the Wexner Center. Easterling is a professor at Yale’s School of Architecture.
OUT OF EMPIRE
(2011)
Philip Ursprung studierte Kunstgeschichte, Allgemeine Geschichte und Germanistik in Genf, Wien und Berlin. Er wurde 1993 an der FU Berlin promoviert und 1999 an der ETH Zürich habilitiert. Er unterrichtete an den Universitäten Genf, Basel und Zürich, an der ETH Zürich, der Kunsthochschule Berlin-Weissensee und der Universität der Künste Berlin. 2001-2005 war er Nationalfonds- Förderungsprofessor für Geschichte der Gegenwartskunst am Departement Architektur der ETH Zürich. Seit 2005 ist er Professor für Moderne und zeitgenössische Kunst an der Universität Zürich. 2007 war er Gastprofessor an der Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation der Columbia University New York. Er war Gastkurator am Museum für Gegenwartskunst in Basel, am Canadian Centre for Architecture in Montreal und der Graduate School for Architecture, Planning and Preservation der Columbia University New York. Er ist Autor von Grenzen der Kunst: Allan Kaprow und das Happening, Robert Smithson und die Land Art (München, 2003), Herausgeber von Herzog & de Meuron: Naturgeschichte (Montreal und Baden 2002), sowie Ko-autor von Images: A Picture Book of Architecture (München 2004), Minimal Architecture (München, 2003) und Studio Olafur Eliasson: An Encyclopedia (Köln, 2008). Zuletzt erschien Caruso St John: Almost Everything (Barcelona, 2008).
IST DAS BAUHAUS AKTUELL?
(2011)
Geboren 1922 in Buenos Aires, ist Tomás Maldonado heute Professor Emeritus für Umweltplanung am Politecnico in Mailand. Er studierte an der Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes in Buenos Aires. 1954 bis 1967 war er Dozent an der Hochschule für Gestaltung (HfG) Ulm, 1955-1956 Prorektor, bis 1960 Rektor der HfG. 1965: Lethaby Lecturer am Royal College of Arts, London. 1966 wurde er zum Fellow des Council of Humanities an der University Princeton (USA) ernannt, von 1968 bis 1970 lehrte er an der School of Architecture dieser Universität. Die Society of Industrial Artists and Designers (GB) verleih ihm 1968 die „Design Medal“. Er war von 1967 bis 1969 Vorsitzender des Präsidiums des International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID). Von 1971 bis 1983 lehrte er zusätzlich an der Universität von Bologna. 1976 bis 1981 war er der Herausgeber der Zeitschrift Casabella in Mailand. 1979 Research Fellow an der Graduate School of Design der Harvard University. Ausgewählte Schriften erschienen 2007 unter dem Titel „Digitale Welt und Gestaltung“ in Zürich.
Leslie Kavanaugh is both an architect and a philosopher. She is a licensed architect in America and the Netherlands, as well as a member of the AIA, but studied philosophy from undergraduate to doctorate at the University of Amsterdam. She has taught philosophy and design at various institutions, including twelve years at TUDelft, and as a guest professor at the Tokyo Science University and Milano Politecnico. Her publications include The Architectonic of Philosophy: Plato, Aristotle, Leibniz (Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam Press, 2007), Crossovers (with A.Graafland), Meditations on Space (2010), Aggregates (2010), and Chronotopologies: Hybrid Spatialities and Multiple Temporalities (Amsterdam: Rodopi Press, forthcoming). Presently she is the founder and director of studiokav.com in Amsterdam, a multi-disciplinary and collaborative atelier. In addition, Kavanaugh is an affiliated Senior Scholar at the Philosophy Institute, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Stanford Anderson is Professor of History and Architecture and was Head of the Department of Architecture from 1991 through 2004. He was director of MIT’s PhD program in History, Theory and Criticism of Architecture, Art and Urban Form from its founding in 1974 to 1991 and in 1995-96. Anderson’s research and writing concern architectural theory, early modern architecture in northern Europe, American architecture and urbanism, and epistemology and historiography. He has organized numerous professional conferences and served on the editorial boards of Assemblage, Journal of Architectural Education, Places, and The MIT Press. In addition to numerous articles, his books are Planning for Diversity and Choice, On Streets, and Hermann Muthesius: Style-Architecture and Building Art. He is co-author of Kay Fisker. Peter Behrens and a New Architecture for the Twentieth Century appeared in 2000 and Eladio Dieste: Innovation in Structural Art in 2004. In 1997, The MIT Press published a collection of essays in his honor, edited by Martha Pollak: The Education of the Architect: Historiography, Urbanism, and the Growth of Knowledge. He was a Fulbright fellow at the Technische Hochschule in Munich and subsequently a fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation and the American Council of Learned Societies. Anderson received his bachelor’s degree from the University of Minnesota, his master’s in architecture from the University of California at Berkeley, and his doctoral degree in the history of art from Columbia University in New York City.
Eine neue, kopflose Gewalt hat den Imperialismus vergangener Zeiten abgelöst. Die neue Weltordnung, das »Empire«, überschreitet alle Grenzen unserer althergebrachten politischen Begriffe – Staat und Gesellschaft, Krieg und Frieden, Kontrolle und Freiheit. Das dezentralisierte und deterritorialisierte Empire beherrscht uns, indem es durch die Medien, die Technik und durch soziale Praktiken unmittelbaren Einfluss auf uns Menschen nimmt.
Architektur und Raumplanung haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten radikal gewandelt. Die alten, modernistischen Bestrebungen nach erschwinglichen Wohnungen und einer rationalen Organisation der Städte sind ebenso in den Hintergrund gerückt wie die postmodernen Obsessionen der Kommunikation, der Nutzerbeteiligung und des öffentlichen Raumes. Stattdessen stehen nun ästhetische und entschieden unpolitischere Belange im Vordergrund: Diskussionen zwischen einer kritischen und einer projektiven Praxis, zwischen Blobs und Kisten, zwischen Atmosphäre und Ornament.
Doch das ist noch lange nicht das Ende der Geschichte, wie im vorliegenden Band deutlich wird. Die Beiträge des 11. Bauhaus-Kolloquiums umspannen einen Zeitraum, der von der Gründung des Bauhauses in Weimar bis zur globalen Architektur unserer Zeit reicht, und verfolgen dabei die Entwicklung des Empires zurück, um gleichzeitig nach Konsequenzen und Alternativen zu fragen, denen die Architektur sich heute gegenübergestellt sieht.
REVISITING 1923
(2011)
Addison Godel is a student at the Knowlton School of Architecture at Ohio State, working towards a three-year Master of Architecture. He is a teaching assistant for a variety of history and theory courses, as well as two of the school’s European travel-abroad programs. His interests include the relationship between style and larger cultural forces, and the efforts of architecture to symbolically adapt and represent contemporary technology.
DAS KOLLOQUIUM
(2011)
Geb.1946 in Luckenwalde, nach dem Studium der Architektur in Weimar Promotion 1974 auf dem Gebiet der Architekturtheorie, 1973 bis 1980 Abteilung Theorie und Geschichte der Architektur am Institut für Städtebau und Architektur der Bauakademie in Berlin. Arbeiten zur Architekturpsychologie und Architektursemiotik sowie Beiträge zur empirischen Wirkungsforschung in der Architektur. Ab 1980 Lehrtätigkeit an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen (HAB) Weimar. 1992 Berufung zum Universitätsprofessor an der HAB für das Fach „Entwerfen und Architekturtheorie“, im gleichen Jahr Wahl zum Rektor der Hochschule, 1996 Wiederwahl für weitere vier Jahre. Publikationen zur Architekturtheorie, Konzeption und Veranstaltung der Internationalen Bauhaus-Kolloquien, internationale Programme mit der WASEDA Universität Tokyo, dem IIT Chicago, seit Mitte der 90er Jahre jährliche Entwurfsakademie in Rom. 2003 Wahl zum Dekan der Fakultät Architektur und 2004 erneute Wahl zum Rektor der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar.
Michael Speaks ist Dekan an der Universität des Kentuck Collge of Design und ehemaliger Gründungsvorstand des Metropolitan Research and Design Postgraduate Program der Sci-Arc in Los Angeles. Er leitet ebenfalls Big Soft Orange, eine niederländisch-amerikanische Stadtforschungsgruppe mit Standorten in Rotterdam und Los Angeles. Er war Herausgeber und Gründer des Kulturjournals Polygraph, sowie Mitherausgeber von Architecture New York und a+u (Tokyo), und arbeitet derzeit als beitragender Herausgeber für das Architecutral Record. Als Lehrer, Forscher und Herausgeber hat Speaks in zahlreichen Institutionen innerhalb der Vereinigten Staaten wie auch im Ausland mitgewirkt, darunter die Technischen Universität Delft, die Yale School of Arts, die Harvard University, die Columbia University, die University of Michigan, das Berlage Institut in Rotterdam und die University of California, Los Angeles. Außerhalb des Hörsaals hat der in Los Angeles lebende Schriftsteller und Kritiker sich in Vorträgen und Veröffentlichungen zur Kunst, Architektur, der Stadt- und Szenarienplanung geäußert. In jüngeren Diskussionen um die Rolle von Innovation und Prototypenentwicklung für das Design nimmt er eine zentrale Position ein und hat eine vielzahl einflussreicher Aufsätze geschrieben, welche auf die Bedeutung dessen verweisen, was er eine „Design Intelligence“ nennt.
SPACE SYNTAX
(2011)
Bill Hillier ist Professor für architektonische und urbane Morphologie an der University of London, Vorsitzender der Bartlett School of Graduate Studies und Leiter des Space Syntax Laboratorys an der University of London. Er besitzt einen DSc (gehobene Doktorenwürde) an der University of London. Als ursprünglicher Wegbereiter der Methode zur Analyse räumliche Muster, die unter dem Namen "Space Syntax" bekannt wurde, ist er auch Verfasser von The Social Logic of Space (Cambridge University Press, 1984, 1990), das eine allgemeine Theorie über das Verhältnis von Menschen zu dem sie umgebenden, gebauten Raum darlegt, ‘Space is the Machine’ (CUP 1996) das den grundlegenden Untersuchungsstand zu dieser Theorie beeinhaltet, sowie zahlreicher Artikel, die sich mit dem Raum und dessen Wirken befassen. Auch über andere Aspekte der Architekturtheorie hat er ausgiebig geschrieben.
Studium der Architektur an der Technischen Universität Wien. Von 2001 bis 2002 Lehrbeauftragte am Institut für künstlerische Gestaltung der TU Wien. Im Zeitraum 1997-2002 Wettbewerbe, Planungen und Realisationen in den Architekturbüros „the unit“ und „ckp“, 2002-2007 „limit architects“, Wien. Seit 2008 querkraft architekten wien. Dissertationsprojekt seit 2004: Design Strategies: Case Study of Six Projects of Rem Koohaas/ OMA. Seit 2008 wissenschaftliche Assistentin am Institut für Architekturtheorie, Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften der TU Graz. Forschungsschwerpunkte: Architekturtheorie, Gegenwartsarchitektur, Entwurfsmethoden, Architectural Research/Design Studies, Wahrnehmung und Architektur.
TRANSFORMING TACIT KNOWLEDGE
(2011)
Sabine Ammon studied architecture and philosophy at the Technische Universität Berlin. Study and research visits led her to the University of London, Harvard University and ETH Zürich. Furthermore, she practised building design as a freelance architect. Her dissertation “Wissen verstehen. Perspektiven einer prozessualen Theorie der Erkenntnis”, Weilerswist 2009, develops a theory of knowledge, based on the philosophy of symbols. In her current research project she explores the epistemic dimension of architectural design processes.
TRANSFORMING TO EXPERT
(2011)
Katharina Richter holds a degree in Architecture, Urban- and Regional Planning from the Bauhaus-University Weimar, where she is appointed as Assistant Professor at the Chair of Computer Science in Architecture since 2000. She teaches architecture studio in undergraduate and graduate programs and has been supervising several international teaching projects. In Fall 2004 she was teaching and researching at the Washington Alexandria Architecture Consortium - Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Alexandria, VA. Her current research focuses on the investigation of the potential of computer based exchange of experiential knowledge in architecture. Between 2000 and 2006 she coordinated third party verification procedures at the Collaborative Research Center SFB 524 „Materials and Structures in Revitalization of Buildings“, Bauhaus-University Weimar, Germany. Her work has been published at various international conferences as well as in related reviewed journals.
GENERIC REALISM
(2011)
Bettina Schürkamp completed her diploma in architecture at the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart in 1995 and attended the graduate course „Histories and Theories of Architecture“ at the Architectural Association in London. For more than five years she worked as a practising architect for architectural firms in England and Germany such as Bolles+Wilson, Münster and Peter Kulka, Köln. From 2001 until 2007 she held a research and teaching position at the Institute for History and Theory of Architecture at Wuppertal University. Currently she is completing her dissertation on the Dutch architectural firm OMA*AMO She writes as a freelance journalist for architectural magazines in Germany and Switzerland and has been publishing in magazines such as Archithese, Arch+, Bauwelt and Deutsche Bauzeitung.
GRAFT is an architectural firm located in Los Angeles, Berlin, and Beijing. Their collective professional experience encompasses a wide array of building types including Fine Arts, Educational, Institutional, Commercial and Residential facilities. The firm has won numerous awards in Europe as well as in the United States. GRAFT was established in 1998 in Los Angeles by Lars Krückeberg, Wolfram Putz and Thomas Willemeit and opened an office in Berlin in 2001. In 2003 GRAFT opened an office in Beijing with Gregor Hoheisel as partner for the asian market. In 2007 Alejandra Lillo became Partner for the office in Los Angeles. GRAFT was conceived as a ‘Label’ for Architecture, Urban Planning, Design, Music, and the “pursuit of happiness”. Since the firm was established, it has been commissioned to design and manage a wide range of projects in multiple disciplines and locations. With the core of the firm’s enterprises gravitating around the field of architecture and the built environment, GRAFT has always maintained an interest in crossing the boundaries between disciplines and “grafting” the creative potentials and methodologies of different realities. This is reflected in the firm’s expansion into the fields of exhibition design and product design, art installations, academic projects and “events” as well as in the variety of project locations in Germany, China, UAE, Russia, Georgia, in the U.S. and Mexico, to name a few.
PANTS ON FIRE?
(2011)
Grace Quiroga studied architecture at the University of Michigan and at the Vienna University of Technology. Her ongoing architectural projects include the design of a housing project in the Chinese province of Sichuan for a thousand families displaced by the earthquake of 2008. In addition, she is working on a doctoral dissertation titled “Rem Koolhaas and the architecture culture of the AA in the 1970’s”.
Albert Narath is a doctoral candidate in modern architectural history at Columbia University in New York and a Paul Mellon Pre-doctoral Fellow at the Center for Advanced Research in the Visual Arts at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. He holds an MA degree from the Architectural Association in London. His dissertation concerns architectural and art historical debates surrounding the Neo-baroque at the end of the nineteenth century in Germany.
Nicole E. Stöcklmayr ist Post-Doc-Stipendiatin im Research-Fellow Programm „Werkzeuge des Entwerfens“ am Internationalen Kolleg für Kulturtechnikforschung und Medienphilosophie (IKKM) der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. Stöcklmayr promovierte an der Universität für angewandte Kunst Wien an der sie auch Architektur in den Meisterklassen Hans Hollein, Greg Lynn sowie Zaha Hadid studierte. In ihrer von Gabriele Werner betreuten und von der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften geförderten Dissertation mit dem Titel „Das Architekturbild im digitalen Paradigmenwechsel“ untersuchte sie den Status des Bildes im digitalen Prozess des Architekturentwurfs. Veröffentlichungen: „Architektur ohne Maßstab. Digitale Visualisierungen im Entwurfsprozess“, in: Ingeborg Reichle, Steffen Siegel (Hg.), Maßlose Bilder. Visuelle Ästhetik der Transgression, München 2009, S. 279 – 294; „Das digitale Bild des Architekturentwurfs“, in: Gerald Bast, Florian Bettel, Barbara Hollendonner (Hg.), uni*vers. Junge Forschung in Wissenschaft und Kunst, Wien 2010; S. 59 – 69.
SENSUAL IS POLITICAL
(2011)
Daniela Brasil is currently a PhD candidate at the professorship of Spatial Planning and Research at Architecture Faculty of the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, where she has also been teaching since 2007. Her seminars foster bodily experiments and critical thinking on “city’s sensuality”, where discussions on city marketing and affectivity are central. She was educated in architecture and urbanism in Brazil and Portugal and holds a Master of Fine Arts in Public Art and new artistic strategies. Idealizing and realizing artistic-oriented projects that intervene in relations between bodies and cities is her main concern since the mid-nineties; where she preferably works in transdisciplinary groups, as in “Lisbon Capital of Nothing: create, debate and intervene in public space, Marvila 2001”. Daniela currently runs the project “Baustelle M10 > gallery for contemporary experiments” within a collective of artists and students in Weimar.