Um die entsprechende Qualität der ÖPNV zu erreichen, sollte man das Verhältnis zwischen der Bedienungsqualität und dem Kostenaufwand analysieren. In den Bedingungen der anwachsenden Konkurenz aus der Seite der PKW und anderen Fuhrunternehmern soll man die Handlungen, die grösste Effektivität gewährleisten, aufnehmen. Es gibt viele Möglichkeiten die diese Qualität verbessern können, wie z.B. steigernde Frequenz der Fahrzeuge, Vergrößerung der Geschwindigkeit, Pünktlichkeit und Regelmäßigkeit, Einführung der Niederfußfahrzeuge und vieles mehr. Ich versuche in meinem Referat die Aspekte zu analysieren, die mit der Frequenz verbunden sind, d.h. die Erhöhung der Frequenz und das Erhalten der konstanten Häufigkeit der Linienbusse. Das Referat umfasst die Modelle und die Beispiele. In Verbindung mit den Untersuchungen, die die Bereitschaft der Bezahlung für die Verbesserung der Qualität betreffen, kann man schon Entscheidungen treffen, die unterschiedlichen Standard der Fahrt bestimmen.
We present a software prototype for fluid flow problems in civil engineering, which combines essential features of Computational Steering approaches with efficient methods for model transfer and high performance computing. The main components of the system are described: - The modeler with a focus on the data management of the product model - The pre-processing and the post-processing toolkit - The simulation kernel based on the Lattice Boltzmann method - The required hardware for real-time computing
The paper gives a general overview and concerns with a specified set of computer-aided analysis modules for hybrid structures loaded by extreme excitations. All problems are solved by methods of linear, quadratic or nonlinear mathematical optimization, that leads to very effective and economic design solutions. All approaches are derived from general optimization problem that can be easily altered to conform to specific design tasks. Some advantages and possibilities of hybrid structural modeling (single or mixed model-supported) are discussed. The methods will be illustrated by an example structure and optimization schemes.
Current software solutions for real estate planning, construction and use, do not model the complete life cycle of a building. Well-integrated software tools exist for the planning and construction phases. Data integrity exists throughout the planning and construction phases, but problems occur at the transition to the use-phase. At this interface, the complete data set of planning and execution gets lost. Another software deficiency is that current software solutions don’t handle construction work and maintenance work equally. This is why a new software generation is demanded, which continuously covers the entire workflow process from the planning phase to the demolition of a building. New data concepts have to be developed, which allow bringing work items for construction together with work items for real estate use.
Limit state design of hybrid structures with meshless methods using mathematical optimization
(2003)
The revitalization of existing structures belongs to the frequently tasks in urban reconstruction processes. The adaptation for new requirements will commonly affect substantial changes in the general configuration of structures. The resulting revitalized structures are characterized by a hybrid design, where old and new, identical or diverse materials and members will be coupled in different ways. In the planning stage the treatment of these systems leads to application of complex and hybrid mechanical models respectively. High performance numerical instruments have to be applied for solving not only analysis but also targeted design problems. Because of the hybrid character of mechanical models in revitalization planning processes the use of hybrid technologies is advantageous. In this paper mixed domain technique will be used for connecting EFG and FE. The models derived will be adopted for design purposes of non-linear loaded hybrid structures. The investigations show a good adaptability of the meshless methods to the design of hybrid structures by using optimization strategies. With this method the advantages of both finite element and meshless methods can be utilized most suitable. With the property of a minimum amount of unknowns by maintaining an adequate quality of the results the application of mixed finite element and meshless methods is a promising alternative to traditional methods in structural analysis and optimization.