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Briquette Production By The Informal Sector: The Case of UCLA in Iloilo City, Philippines

  • The construction and operation of a sanitary landfill (SLF) in the Philippines presents concerns on the regulation of the activities of the informal sector in the area. In anticipation of these directives, an association of informal waste reclaimers group called Uswag Calajunan Livelihood Association, Inc. (UCLA) was formed in May 2009. One option identified was the waste-to-energy activityThe construction and operation of a sanitary landfill (SLF) in the Philippines presents concerns on the regulation of the activities of the informal sector in the area. In anticipation of these directives, an association of informal waste reclaimers group called Uswag Calajunan Livelihood Association, Inc. (UCLA) was formed in May 2009. One option identified was the waste-to-energy activity through the production of fuel briquettes. With the availability of raw materials in the area, what was lacking then was an appropriate technology that would cater to their needs. This study, therefore, presented the case of UCLA on how socio-economic and technical aspects was integrated for the development and improvement of a briquetting technology needed in the production of quality briquettes as part of their income generating activities. A non-experimental posttest only design was utilized for the collection of descriptive information. Descriptions and discussions were also made on the enhancement of the briquetting machine from the first hand-press molder developed until the finalized design was attained. Results revealed that the improved briquetting technology withstood the wear and tear of operation showing a significant (P<0.01) increase on the production rate (220 pcs/hr; 4 kg/hr) and bulk density (444.83 kg/m3) of briquettes produced. The quality of cylindrical briquettes produced in terms of bulk density, heating value (15.13 MJ/kg), moisture (6.2%), N and S closely met or has met the requirements of DIN 51731. Based on the operating expenses, the briquettes may be marked-up to Php0.25/pc (USD0.006) or Php15.00/kg (USD0.34) for profit generation. The potential daily earnings of Php130.00 (USD2.95) to Php288.56 (USD6.56) generated in producing briquettes are higher when compared to the majority of waste reclaimers’ daily income of Php124.00 (USD2.82). The high positive response (93%) on the usability of briquettes and the willingness of the respondents (81%) to buy them when sold in the market indicates its promising potential as fuel in the nearby communities. Results of briquette production citing the case of UCLA could be considered as potential source of income given the social, technical, economic and environmental feasibility of the experiment. This method of utilizing wastes in an urban setting of a developing country with similar socio-economic and physical set-ups may also be recommended for testing or replication.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Document Type:Doctoral Thesis
Author:Dr.-Ing. Aries Roda D. RomallosaGND
DOI (Cite-Link):https://doi.org/10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3233Cite-Link
URN (Cite-Link):https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170620-32335Cite-Link
Referee:Prof. Dr.-Ing. Eckhard KraftGND, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. nat. techn. Marion Huber-HumerORCiDGND, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Hans Wilhelm AlfenORCiDGND
Advisor:Prof. Dr.-Ing. Eckhard KraftGND
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2017/06/20
Date of first Publication:2017/06/20
Date of final exam:2017/05/18
Release Date:2017/06/20
Publishing Institution:Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Granting Institution:Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen
Institutes and partner institutions:Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen / Professur Biotechnologie in der Ressourcenwirtschaft
Pagenumber:156
Tag:Biomass; Biomass Technology; Briquette Production; Briquetting; Developing Countries; Informal Sector; Resource Management; Waste to Energy
GND Keyword:Biotechnologie; Biomasse; Brikettierung
Dewey Decimal Classification:600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften
BKL-Classification:58 Chemische Technik, Umwelttechnik, verschiedene Techno-
Licence (German):License Logo Creative Commons 4.0 - Namensnennung (CC BY 4.0)