TY - JOUR A1 - Bruns, Erich A1 - Bimber, Oliver T1 - Phone-to-Phone Communication for Adaptive Image Classification N2 - In this paper, we present a novel technique for adapting local image classifiers that are applied for object recognition on mobile phones through ad-hoc network communication between the devices. By continuously accumulating and exchanging collected user feedback among devices that are located within signal range, we show that our approach improves the overall classification rate and adapts to dynamic changes quickly. This technique is applied in the context of PhoneGuide – a mobile phone based museum guidance framework that combines pervasive tracking and local object recognition for identifying a large number of objects in uncontrolled museum environments. KW - Peer-to-Peer-Netz KW - Bilderkennung KW - Museumsführer KW - Ad-hoc-Netz KW - Phone-to-phone communication KW - adaptive image classification KW - mobile ad-hoc networks KW - museum guidance system Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20080722-13685 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brombach, Benjamin A1 - Bruns, Erich A1 - Bimber, Oliver T1 - Subobject Detection through Spatial Relationships on Mobile Phones N2 - We present a novel image classification technique for detecting multiple objects (called subobjects) in a single image. In addition to image classifiers, we apply spatial relationships among the subobjects to verify and to predict locations of detected and undetected subobjects, respectively. By continuously refining the spatial relationships throughout the detection process, even locations of completely occluded exhibits can be determined. Finally, all detected subobjects are labeled and the user can select the object of interest for retrieving corresponding multimedia information. This approach is applied in the context of PhoneGuide, an adaptive museum guidance system for camera-equipped mobile phones. We show that the recognition of subobjects using spatial relationships is up to 68% faster than related approaches without spatial relationships. Results of a field experiment in a local museum illustrate that unexperienced users reach an average recognition rate for subobjects of 85.6% under realistic conditions. KW - Objekterkennung KW - Smartphone KW - Subobjekterkennung KW - Räumliche Beziehungen KW - Neuronales Netz KW - Museumsführer KW - Subobject Detection KW - Spatial Relationships KW - Neural Networks KW - Museum Guidance Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20081007-14296 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vakkari, Pertti A1 - Völske, Michael A1 - Potthast, Martin A1 - Hagen, Matthias A1 - Stein, Benno T1 - Predicting essay quality from search and writing behavior JF - Journal of Association for Information Science and Technology N2 - Few studies have investigated how search behavior affects complex writing tasks. We analyze a dataset of 150 long essays whose authors searched the ClueWeb09 corpus for source material, while all querying, clicking, and writing activity was meticulously recorded. We model the effect of search and writing behavior on essay quality using path analysis. Since the boil-down and build-up writing strategies identified in previous research have been found to affect search behavior, we model each writing strategy separately. Our analysis shows that the search process contributes significantly to essay quality through both direct and mediated effects, while the author's writing strategy moderates this relationship. Our models explain 25–35% of the variation in essay quality through rather simple search and writing process characteristics alone, a fact that has implications on how search engines could personalize result pages for writing tasks. Authors' writing strategies and associated searching patterns differ, producing differences in essay quality. In a nutshell: essay quality improves if search and writing strategies harmonize—build-up writers benefit from focused, in-depth querying, while boil-down writers fare better with a broader and shallower querying strategy. KW - Information Retrieval KW - Textproduktion KW - Suchverfahren KW - Aufsatz KW - Suchverhalten KW - Pfadanalyse KW - Suchmaschine Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210804-44692 UR - https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24451 VL - 2021 IS - volume 72, issue 7 SP - 839 EP - 852 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jiang, Mingze A1 - Rößler, Christiane A1 - Wellmann, Eva A1 - Klaver, Jop A1 - Kleiner, Florian A1 - Schmatz, Joyce T1 - Workflow for high-resolution phase segmentation of cement clinker fromcombined BSE image and EDX spectral data JF - Journal of Microscopy N2 - Burning of clinker is the most influencing step of cement quality during the production process. Appropriate characterisation for quality control and decision-making is therefore the critical point to maintain a stable production but also for the development of alternative cements. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) delivers spatially resolved phase and chemical information for cement clinker. This data can be used to quantify phase fractions and chemical composition of identified phases. The contribution aims to provide an overview of phase fraction quantification by semi-automatic phase segmentation using high-resolution backscattered electron (BSE) images and lower-resolved EDX element maps. Therefore, a tool for image analysis was developed that uses state-of-the-art algorithms for pixel-wise image segmentation and labelling in combination with a decision tree that allows searching for specific clinker phases. Results show that this tool can be applied to segment sub-micron scale clinker phases and to get a quantification of all phase fractions. In addition, statistical evaluation of the data is implemented within the tool to reveal whether the imaged area is representative for all clinker phases. KW - Zementklinker KW - Bildsegmentierung KW - Rasterelektronenmikroskopie KW - cement clinker KW - image segmentation KW - EDX KW - superpixel Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20211215-45449 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jmi.13072 VL - 2021 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleiner, Florian A1 - Rößler, Christiane A1 - Vogt, Franziska A1 - Osburg, Andrea A1 - Ludwig, Horst-Michael T1 - Reconstruction of calcium silicate hydrates using multiple 2D and 3D imaging techniques: Light microscopy, μ-CT, SEM, FIB-nT combined with EDX JF - Journal of Microscopy N2 - This study demonstrates the application and combination of multiple imaging techniques [light microscopy, micro-X-ray computer tomography (μ-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focussed ion beam – nano-tomography (FIB-nT)] to the analysis of the microstructure of hydrated alite across multiple scales. However, by comparing findings with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), it becomes obvious that the imaged 3D volumes and 2D images do not sufficiently overlap at certain scales to allow a continuous quantification of the pore size distribution (PSD). This can be overcome by improving the resolution and increasing the measured volume. Furthermore, results show that the fibrous morphology of calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H) phases is preserved during FIB-nT. This is a requirement for characterisation of nano-scale porosity. Finally, it was proven that the combination of FIB-nT with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data facilitates the phase segmentation of a 11 × 11 × 7.7 μm3 volume of hydrated alite. KW - Zementklinker KW - Bildsegmentierung KW - Rasterelektronenmikroskopie KW - Computertomographie KW - tomography KW - focussed ion beam KW - cement microstructure KW - micro-CT Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220106-45458 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmi.13081 VL - 2021 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - John Wiley & Sons Ltd CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegmann, Matti A1 - Kersten, Jens A1 - Senaratne, Hansi A1 - Potthast, Martin A1 - Klan, Friederike A1 - Stein, Benno T1 - Opportunities and risks of disaster data from social media: a systematic review of incident information JF - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences N2 - Compiling and disseminating information about incidents and disasters are key to disaster management and relief. But due to inherent limitations of the acquisition process, the required information is often incomplete or missing altogether. To fill these gaps, citizen observations spread through social media are widely considered to be a promising source of relevant information, and many studies propose new methods to tap this resource. Yet, the overarching question of whether and under which circumstances social media can supply relevant information (both qualitatively and quantitatively) still remains unanswered. To shed some light on this question, we review 37 disaster and incident databases covering 27 incident types, compile a unified overview of the contained data and their collection processes, and identify the missing or incomplete information. The resulting data collection reveals six major use cases for social media analysis in incident data collection: (1) impact assessment and verification of model predictions, (2) narrative generation, (3) recruiting citizen volunteers, (4) supporting weakly institutionalized areas, (5) narrowing surveillance areas, and (6) reporting triggers for periodical surveillance. Furthermore, we discuss the benefits and shortcomings of using social media data for closing information gaps related to incidents and disasters. KW - Katastrophe KW - Social Media KW - Datenbank KW - Information KW - Katastrophenmanagement KW - Soziale Medien KW - Datensammlung Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210804-44634 UR - https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/21/1431/2021/nhess-21-1431-2021.html VL - 2021 IS - Volume 21, Issue 5 SP - 1431 EP - 1444 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - JOUR A1 - König, Reinhard A1 - Thurow, Torsten A1 - Braunes, Jörg A1 - Donath, Dirk A1 - Schneider, Sven T1 - Technische Einführung in FREAC: A Framework for Enhancing Research in Architectural Design and Communication T1 - Technical introduction to Freac N2 - Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Framework für ein verteiltes dynamisches Produktmodell (FREAC) vorgestellt, welches der experimentellen Softwareentwicklung dient. Bei der Entwicklung von FREAC wurde versucht, folgende Eigenschaften umzusetzen, die bei herkömmlichen Systemen weitgehend fehlen: Erstens eine hohe Flexibilität, also eine möglichst hohe Anpassbarkeit für unterschiedliche Fachdisziplinen; Zweitens die Möglichkeit, verschiedene Tools nahtlos miteinander zu verknüpfen; Drittens die verteilte Modellbearbeitung in Echtzeit; Viertens das Abspeichern des gesamten Modell-Bearbeitungsprozesses; Fünftens eine dynamische Erweiterbarkeit sowohl für Softwareentwickler, als auch für die Nutzer der Tools. Die Bezeichnung FREAC umfasst sowohl das Framework zur Entwicklung und Pflege eines Produktmodells (FREAC-Development) als auch die entwickelten Tools selbst (FREAC-Tools). T3 - Arbeitspapiere Informatik in der Architektur - Nr. 2 KW - CAD KW - Softwareentwicklung KW - Experimentalplattform KW - Produktmodell KW - digitales Gebäudemodell KW - Freac Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:101:1-201105183216 UR - http://infar.architektur.uni-weimar.de/service/drupal-infar/Arbeitspapiere ER -