TY  - CHAP
A1  - Thurow, Torsten
A1  - Donath, Dirk
T1  - A vision of an adaptive geometry model for computer-assisted building surveying
N2  - The paper describes a concept for the step-by-step computer-aided capture and representation of geometric building data in the context of planning-oriented building surveying. Selected aspects of the concept have been implemented and tested as prototypes. The process of step-by-step capture and representation is determined by the order in which the user experiences the building. Only the information that the user knows (can see) or can reasonably deduce is represented. In addition approaches to the flexible combination of different measuring techniques and geometric abstractions are described which are based upon geodetic computational adjustment.
KW  - Architektur
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Bauaufnahme
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1722
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Menzel, Karsten
A1  - Dittrich, Jörg
A1  - Domschke, Sven
T1  - About the implantation process of mobile computing in AEC
N2  - The AEC industry is conscious of the potentials arising from the usage of mobile computer systems to increase productivity by streamlining their business processes. Discussions are no longer on whether or not to use a mobile computer solution, but rather, on how it should be used. However, the implantation process of this new technology in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) and Facility Management (FM) practise is very slow and should be improved. One way to encourage and ease the usage of mobile computer systems in AEC is a more process-oriented usability and context appropriateness of mobile computer solutions. Context-sensitivity is defined as a crucial feature to be taken into account for further research in the area of Mobile Computing. Context-sensitive, mobile IT-solutions depend on two features: (1) flexible definitions of (construction) processes describing the context and (2) tools for flexible, multi-dimensional information management representing the context. It is on this premise that the authors propose the n-dimensional data management approach for the implementation of mobile computing solutions. In this paper, we analyse working scenarios in the AEC and FM sector, defining context aspects which are transformed and formalized as dimension hierarchies of the envisaged context model.
KW  - Mobile Computing
KW  - Funknetz
KW  - Bauwesen
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1106
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Huhn, Michael
T1  - Abstract and Concrete Scenarios in Concurrent Engineering
N2  - An architecture of a distributed planning system for the building industry has been developed. The emphasis is on highly collaborative environments in steelwork, timber construction etc. where designers concurrently handle 3D models. The overall system connects local design systems by the so-called Design Framework DFW. This framework consists of the definition of distributed components and protocols which make the collaborative design work. The process of collaborative design has been formalized on an abstract level. This paper describes how this has been done. A sample is given to illustrate the mapping of concrete scenarios of the ‘real design world’ to an abstract scenario level. This work is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG as part of the project SPP1103 (Meißner et al. 2003).
KW  - Produktmodell
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Forschungskooperation
KW  - Framework <Informatik>
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2068
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Katzenbach, Rolf
A1  - Meißner, Udo F.
A1  - Rueppel, Uwe
T1  - Abstraction of Process Relevant Information from Geotechnical Standards and Regulations
N2  - The paper presents the abstraction of process relevant information in order to enable the workflow management based on semantic data. It is shown for three examples, how the standards define the information needed to perform a certain planning activity. Abstraction of process relevant information is discussed for different granularities of the underlying processmodel. As one possible application ProMiSE is introduced, which uses process relevant data in individual tokens in a petri-net based process-model.
KW  - Geotechnik
KW  - Prozessmodell
KW  - Normung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111028-1002
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Albert, Andrej
A1  - Freischlad, Mark
A1  - Pullmann, Torben
T1  - Acquisition of Conceptual Design Knowledge in Structural Engineering
N2  - Expert systems integrating fuzzy reasoning techniques represent a powerful tool to support practicing engineers during the early stages of structural design. In this context fuzzy models have proved themselves to be very suitable for the representation of complex design knowledge. However their definition is a laborious task. This paper introduces an approach for the design and the optimization of fuzzy systems based upon Genetic Programming. To keep the emerging fuzzy systems transparent a new framework for the definition of linguistic variables is also introduced.
KW  - Mehragentensystem
KW  - Lernendes System
KW  - Wissensverarbeitung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2154
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lee, Kangkun
A1  - Lee, Kijang
T1  - Additional bending moment for shear-lag phenomenon in tube structures
N2  - Framed-tube system with multiple internal tubes is analysed using an orthotropic box beam analogy approach in which each tube is individually modelled by a box beam that accounts for the flexural and shear deformations, as well as the shear-lag effects. A simple numerical modeling technique is proposed for estimating the shear-lag phenomenon in tube structures with multiple internal tubes. The proposed method idealizes the framed-tube structures with multiple internal tubes as equivalent multiple tubes, each composed of four equivalent orthotropic plate panels. The numerical analysis is based on the minimum potential energy principle in conjunction with the variational approach. The shear-lag phenomenon of such structures is studied taking into account the additional bending moments in the tubes. A detailed work is carried out through the numerical analysis of the additional bending moment. The moment factor is further introduced to identify the shear lag phenomenon along with the additional moment.
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
KW  - Physikalisches Verfahren
KW  - Hochhaus
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2472
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fruchter, Renate
A1  - Chao, Yunn Chyi
T1  - AEC Global Teamwork: Emergent Work Processes
N2  - This ethnographic study reports on emerging work processes and practices observed in the AEC (Architecture/Engineering/Construction) Global Teamwork program, i.e., what people experience when interacting with and through collaboration technologies, why people practice in the way they do, how the practice fits into the environment and changes the work patterns. It presents the experience of two high-performance typical but extreme AEC teamwork cases adopting and adapting to collaboration technologies and how these technologies in practice impact their work processes. The findings illustrate the importance of collaboration technologies in cross-disciplinary, global teamwork. Observations indicate that high performance teams that use the collaboration technologies effectively exhibit collaboration readiness at an early stage and manage to define a “third way” to meet the demands of the cross-disciplinary, multi cultural and geographically distributed AEC workspace. The observations and implications represent the blueprint for yearly innovations and improvements to the design of the AEC Global Teamwork program.
KW  - Hochschulbildung
KW  - Entscheidungsunterstützung
KW  - Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1912
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Olivier, A. H.
T1  - An application-centred framework for distributed engineering applications
N2  - The conceptual structure of an application that can support the structural analysis task in a distributed collaboratory is described in (van Rooyen and Olivier 2004). The application described there has a standalone component for executing the finite element method on a local workstation in the absence of network access. This application is comparable to current, local workstation based finite element packages. However, it differs fundamentally from standard packages since the application itself, and its objects, are adapted to support distributed execution of the analysis task. Basic aspects of an object-oriented framework for the development of applications which can be used in similar distributed collaboratories are described in this paper. An important feature of this framework is its application-centred design. This means that an application can contain any number of engineering models, where the models are formed by the collection of objects according to semantic views within the application. This is achieved through very flexible classes Application and Model, which are described in detail. The advantages of the application-centred design approach is demonstrated with reference to the design of steel structures, where the finite element analysis model, member design model and connection design model interact to provide the required functionality.
KW  - Ingenieurbau
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Planungsprozess
KW  - Modellierung
KW  - Framework <Informatik>
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1353
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gordon, Chris
A1  - Akinci, Burcu
A1  - Garrett, James H.
T1  - An Approach for Planning Sensor-Based Inspection of the Built Environment
N2  - The promise of lower costs for sensors that can be used for construction inspection means that inspectors will continue to have new choices to consider in creating inspection plans. However, these emerging inspection methods can require different activities, resources, and decisions such that it can be difficult to compare the emerging methods with other methods that satisfy the same inspection needs. Furthermore, the context in which inspection is performed can significantly influence how well certain inspection methods are suited for a given set of goals for inspection. Context information, such as weather, security, and the regulatory environment, can be used to understand what information about a component should be collected and how an inspection should be performed. The research described in this paper is aimed at developing an approach for comparing and selecting inspection plans. This approach consists of (1) refinement of given goals for inspection, if necessary, in order to address any additional information needs due to a given context and in order to reach a level of detail that can be addressed by an inspection activity; (2) development of constraints to describe how an inspection should be achieved; (3) matching of goals to available inspection methods, and generation of activities and resource plans in order to address the goals; and (4) selection of an inspection plan from among the possible plans that have been identified. The authors illustrate this approach with observations made at a local construction site.
KW  - Monitorüberwachung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1500
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Scheer, Sergio
A1  - Dos Santos, Aguinaldo
A1  - Hinks, John
T1  - An approach for promoting knowledge exchange on production practices through the Internet
N2  - Recent research shows that current learning strategies in construction industry have not been effective in implementing lean principles in construction. With that in mind the researchers set to investigate an alternative learning strategy in order to promote learning at the international level. A web-based environment, was developed for this project with the intent of promoting learning and knowledge exchange on the theory and practice of "process transparency" across different countries.
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Computerunterstütztes Lernen
KW  - Wissensverarbeitung
KW  - pull learning
KW  - transparency
KW  - knowledge exchange
KW  - web-based learning
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-821
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Ma, Zhiliang
A1  - Wong, K. D.
A1  - Yang, Jun
T1  - An Approach to Utilizing Exchanged Documents in Construction Projects Based on Data Warehouse Technology
N2  - There are many construction projects in China and mass documents are exchanged among the multi-party, including the owner, the contractor and the engineer in the projects. Based on previous studies, an approach to the utilization of the exchanged documents is established by using data warehouse technology and a prototype system called EXPLYZER is developed. The approach and the prototype system are verified through their application in a construction project. It is concluded that the approach can support the decision-making in project management.
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Datenmanagement
KW  - Data-Warehouse-Konzept
KW  - Exchanged Documents
KW  - Managment Information System
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1227
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - O'Brien, William
A1  - El-Mashaleh, Mohammad
T1  - An Empirical Study Relating Construction Firm Performance and IT Utilization
N2  - This paper examines the impact of information technology (IT) utilization on construction firm performance. Based on empirical data collected from 74 US construction firms, the analyses provide evidence that IT has a positive impact on overall firm performance, schedule performance, and cost performance. Firm performance is a composite score of several metrics of performance: schedule performance, cost performance, customer satisfaction, safety performance, and profit. No relationship is found between IT utilization and customer satisfaction, safety, or profit, although this may be due to limitations of the study given strong correlations between IT utilization and cost and schedule performnance. The empirical evidence of positive association between performance and IT use provided by this research is significant to both construction practice and research literature. This evidence should encourage firms to adopt and invest in IT tools.
KW  - Architektur
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Informationstechnik
KW  - Unternehmen
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1739
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
A1  - Yoshimura, Yutaka
T1  - An Evaluation System for Steel Structures of Hydroelectric Power Stations based on Fault Tree Analysis and Performance Maps
N2  - This paper presents an evaluation system for steel structures of hydroelectric power stations, including hydraulic gates and penstocks, based on Fault Tree Analyasis (FTA) and performance maps. This system consists of fault tree diagrams of FTA, performance maps, design and analysis systems, and engineerin databases. These four modules are integrated by appropriate hyperlinks so that the user of this system can use it easily and seamlessly. A well developed system was applied to some illustrative example cases, and they showed that the developed methodology and system worked well and the users found the system useful and effective for their maintenance tasks at powerstations.
KW  - Wissensmanagement
KW  - Stahlbau
KW  - Wasserkraftwerk
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2564
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Lau, Gloria
A1  - Law, Kincho
T1  - An Information Infrastructure for Comparing Accessibility Regulations and Related Information from Multiple Sources
N2  - This paper describes a research project that addresses the difficulties in dealing with regulatory documents such as national and regional codes. These documents tend to be voluminous, heavily cross-referenced, possibly ambiguous and even conflicting at times. There are often multiple documents that need to be consulted and satisfied; however it is a difficult task to locate all of the relevant provisions. In addition, sections dealing with the same or similar conceptual ideas sometimes lay down conflicting requirements. We propose a framework for regulation representation, analysis and comparison with emphasis on the extraction of similarities between provisions. We focus on accessibility regulations, whose intent is to provide the same or equivalent access to a building and its facilities for disabled persons. An XML regulatory repository is developed to extract structural as well as non-structural features from government regulations to help user understanding and computational analysis. A similarity analysis is performed between different sources of regulations. In order to achieve a better comparison between provisions, we employ a combination of feature matching and structural analysis. Results are shown on comparisons between American and European codes, as well as on the domain of electronic-rulemaking.
KW  - Hochschulbildung
KW  - Entscheidungsunterstützung
KW  - Wissensmanagement
KW  - Standardisierung
KW  - Behinderte
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1922
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Raue, Erich
A1  - Weitzmann, Rüdiger
T1  - Analysis and Design of Hybrid Structures using Optimization Strategies
N2  - The paper gives a general overview and concerns with a specified set of computer-aided analysis modules for hybrid structures loaded by extreme excitations. All problems are solved by methods of linear, quadratic or nonlinear mathematical optimization, that leads to very effective and economic design solutions. All approaches are derived from general optimization problem that can be easily altered to conform to specific design tasks. Some advantages and possibilities of hybrid structural modeling (single or mixed model-supported) are discussed. The methods will be illustrated by an example structure and optimization schemes.
KW  - Konzipieren <Technik>
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Optimierung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1023
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van Treeck, Christoph
A1  - Rank, Ernst
T1  - Analysis of building structure and topology based on Graph Theory
N2  - Individual views on a building product of people involved in the design process imply different models for planning and calculation. In order to interpret these geometrical, topological and semantical data of a building model we identify a structural component graph, a graph of room faces, a room graph and a relational object graph as aids and we explain algorithms to derive these relations. The application of the technique presented is demonstrated by the analysis and discretization of a sample model in the scope of building energy simulation.
KW  - Produktmodell
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Graphentheorie
KW  - Ingenieurbau
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2308
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chang, Chihyuan
A1  - Chang, Yuanchu
A1  - Huang, Shyhmeng
T1  - Application of a Agent Mechanism to the Small-scale Maintenance of School Buildings
N2  - This paper presents an agent-based software, Virtual Administrator System (VAS) for the smallscale maintenance of school buildings. VAS is capable of handling a heavy load of routine, lowtech maintenance jobs. It assigns a different priority to each job application according to its significance and urgency, and automatically adjusts schedules for maintenance engineers when on-site supervision is needed. The system can help ease off the burden of routine small-scale maintenance work, making it more cost-effective and efficient in the overall management of school building maintenance. VAS posts jobs on the Web in a multi-media format and classified all applications into four categories: the on-call maintenance contract, the term maintenance contract, the guaranty maintenance contract, and the regular maintenance contract. It then estimates their urgency level and passes the information to maintenance engineers who will decide whether on-site inspection is needed. Based on the engineers’ feedback, VAS automatically implements the scheduling for inspection as well as sends out real-time or batch notifications to contractors. All these activities are recorded in a database to allow continuous research and data mining and the analysis and diagnosis of specific jobs for followup maintenance plans.
KW  - Mehragentensystem
KW  - Lernendes System
KW  - Schulgebäude
KW  - Facility-Management
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2165
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Most, Thomas
A1  - Eckardt, Stefan
T1  - Application of a hybrid parallelization technique to accelerate the numerical simulation of nonlinear mechanical problems
N2  - This paper presents the combination of two different parallelization environments, OpenMP and MPI, in one numerical simulation tool. The computation of the system matrices and vectors is parallelized with OpenMP and the solution of the system of equations is done with the MPIbased solver MUMPS. The efficiency of both algorithms is shown on several linear and nonlinear examples using the Finite Element Method and a meshless discretization technique.
KW  - Framework <Informatik>
KW  - API
KW  - Parallelverarbeitung
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2599
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Jianping, Zhang
A1  - Tianyi, Ma
A1  - Qiping, Shen
T1  - Application of Data Warehouse and Data Mining in Construction Management
N2  - All construction project are constrained by their schedules, budgets and specifications, and safety and environmental regulations. These constraints made construction management more complex and difficult. At the same time, many historical data that can support the decisions in the future are kept in construction enterprises,. To use the historical data effectively and efficiently, it is essential to apply the data warehouse and data mining technologies. This paper introduces a research which aims to develop a data warehouse system according to the requirements of construction enterprises and use data mining technology to learn useful information and knowledge from the data warehouse system. The design, the development and the application of this system are detailedly introduced in this paper.
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Datenmanagement
KW  - Data-Warehouse-Konzept
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1247
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Melnikov, B. E.
A1  - Semenov, Artem
T1  - Application of Multimodel Method of Elasto-Plastic Analysis for the Multilevel Computation of Structures
N2  - Creation of hierarchical sequence of the plastic and viscoplastic models according to different levels of structure approximations is considered. Developed strategy of multimodel analysis, which consists of creation of the inelastic models library, determination of selection criteria system and caring out of multivariant sequential clarifying computations, is described. Application of the multimodel approach in numerical computations has demonstrated possibility of reliable prediction of stress-strain response under wide variety of combined nonproportional loading.
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
KW  - Physikalisches Verfahren
KW  - Elastoplastizität
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2487
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Bock, Sebastian
T1  - Approximation mit polynomialen Lösungen der Laméschen Differentialgleichung
T1  - Approximation with Polynomial Solutions of Lamé Differential Equation
N2  - Grundidee der Arbeit ist es, Lösungen von Randwertaufgaben durch Linearkombinationen exakter klassischer Lösungen der Differentialgleichung zu approximieren. Die freien Koeffizienten werden dabei durch die Bestimmung der besten Approximation der Randwerte berechnet. Als Basis der Approximation werden vollständige orthogonale und nahezu orthogonale Funktionensysteme verwendet. Anhand ausgewählter Beispiele mit Randvorgaben unterschiedlicher Glattheit wird am Beispiel der Kugel die prinzipielle Anwendbarkeit der Methode getestet und hinsichtlich der Entwicklung des Fehlers der Näherungslösung, der Stabilität des Verfahrens und des numerischen Aufwandes untersucht. Die erhaltenen Resultate geben einen begründeten Anlass, die Anwendung der Methode als Bestandteil einer hybriden analytisch-numerischen Methode, insbesondere der Verknüpfung mit der FEM, weiterzuverfolgen.
KW  - Legendre-Funktion
KW  - Lamé-Gleichung
KW  - Festkörpermechanik
KW  - Orthonormalbasis
KW  - Beste Approximation
KW  - Fourier-Reihe
KW  - Hyperholomorphe-Funktion
KW  - spherical harmonics
KW  - Lamé-equation
KW  - continuum mechanic
KW  - complete orthonormal system
KW  - best approximation
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-6409
N1  - Der Volltext-Zugang wurde im Zusammenhang mit der Klärung urheberrechtlicher Fragen mit sofortiger Wirkung gesperrt.
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Nguyen, Thu Huong
T1  - Architektonische Grundlage für die Entwicklung von barrierefreien berufsbildenden Schulen für die Integration von Seh- und Mobilitätsbehinderten sowie nichtbehinderten Menschen in Vietnam
T1  - Architectural Standard for Accessibility of mobile and visually impaired students in vocational schools - Vietnam
N2  - Im Gegensatz zu Industrieländern wird das barrierefreie und behindertengerechte Planen und Bauen von öffentlichen Gebäuden in Entwicklungsländern aus wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Gründen nur ungenügend berücksichtigt und realisiert. Die Analyse von international vorhandenen Normen und Richtlinien zeigte, dass in Vietnam die Integration behindertengerechter Konzepte in Bauplanungen erst seit dem Jahr 2002 stattfindet, wohingegen diese in China bereits seit den 80er Jahren und in den Industrienationen wie Deutschland und Amerika sogar schon seit drei Jahrzehnten Anwendung findet. Die ungenügende Berücksichtigung behindertengerechter Baukonzepte in öffentlichen Einrichtungen, so auch vor allem in Berufsschulen bewirkt eine drastische Reduzierung des Ausbildungsplatzangebotes und eine resultierende Perspektivlosigkeit für behinderte Menschen. Durch die schnelle Errichtung barrierefreier, behindertengerechter Ausbildungseinrichtungen sollen sich die Chancen auf einen Ausbildungsplatz für behinderte Vietnamesen deutlich verbessern. Mit dem Erhalt eines Ausbildungsplatzes wird diesen Menschen nicht nur eine Integration in die Gesellschaft sondern langfristig gesehen auch finanzielle Selbständigkeit und somit Unabhängigkeit von der Familie ermöglicht. Als Grundlage des angestrebten Umwandlungsprozesses von der herkömmlichen barrierebelasteten Bauplanung zur Berücksichtigung von behinderten Menschen durch behindertengerechte Planungskonzepte wurden Bauzeit, Bauumfang und Baukosten eingehend analysiert. Dieser vergleichenden Betrachtung der Bauplanungen entwuchsen zwei neue barrierefreie Berufschultypen. Der neue Berufsschultyp 1 – Der Dezentralisierungstyp zeichnet sich durch einen geringfügigen Bauumfang und durch seine einfache Baukonstruktion aus und ermöglicht somit eine schnelle Reaktion auf den gravierenden Ausbildungsplatzmangel für behinderte Menschen. Dieser kostengünstige Berufsschultyp wurde entwickelt, um sehr kurzfristig eine schnelle Erhöhung des Ausbildungsplatzangebotes für behinderte Menschen zu schaffen. Siedlungs- und Wohngebiete bzw. Dörfer eignen sich am besten als Standort für den Berufsschultyp 1. Das ursprüngliche Wohnumfeld bliebe den behinderten Schülern erhalten und damit einhergehend auch die seelische Unterstützung durch deren Familien. Der familiennahe Standort der Berufsschule würde somit sowohl den Lehrern als auch den Schülern eine große seelische Last abnehmen. Des Weiteren ließe sich eine Berufsschule vom Typ 1 schnellstens errichten, so dass die Ausbildung der behinderten und nicht behinderten Schüler sofort aufgenommen werden könnte. Im Zuge der Entwicklung des neuen Berufsschultyps 2 – Dem Zentralisierungstyp - wurden internationale Standards angestrebt. Dieser Berufsschultyp bietet eine umfangreichere Flexibilität in seiner Nutzungsart, ein umfassenderes Angebot an Ausbildungsgängen und ein weitaus größeres Feld der Integration. Der Berufsschultyp 2 ist ein komplexer Bau, mit einem größeren Bauumfang als Berufsschultyp 1. Bei der Errichtung dieser Berufsschultypen ist mit einer langfristigen Planungs- und Bauzeit zu rechnen. Der Stadtrand wird als der optimale Standort zur Errichtung der Berufsschule vom Typ 2 angesehen. Von dort aus ließen sich die öffentlichen Service der Stadt effizient nutzen. Als Bewertungsgrundlage für eine optimale Entwicklung der beiden neuen Berufsschultypen dienen Basisdaten aus umfassenden Analysen über verschiedenste Betrachtungsebenen. Unter Nutzung der in Deutschland und USA bestehenden gesetzlichen Grundlagen sollen barrierefreie Planungsempfehlungen, gezielt für die Errichtung behindertengerechter berufsausbildender Schulen in Vietnam, abgleitet werden, um ein gemeinsames Lernen von seh- und mobilitätsbehinderten sowie von nicht behinderten Menschen zu ermöglichen. Bei den Planungsempfehlungen finden nicht nur die unterschiedlichen menschlichen Körpergrößen der verschiedenen Bevölkerungsgruppen sondern auch die unterschiedliche Lebensweise der Vietnamesen sowie die Klimabedingungen in Vietnam Berücksichtigung. Bei der Planung von behindertengerechten Ausbildungs- und Schuleinrichtungen ist es wichtig, die Körpergröße der Menschen des jeweiligen Landes zu berücksichtigen. Als Orientierungsmaß für die Körpergröße vietnamesischer Menschen wurde ein Richtfaktor definiert und eingesetzt. Anhand der o.g. Richtfaktorgrößen wurden detaillierte Planungsempfehlungen für barrierefreies Lernen und Wohnen herausgearbeitet.
N2  - As Vietnam braces to deal with development pressures and economic issues the plight of the handicapped population remains largely unrecognized. A large segment (7%) of the population is devoid of any benefits from social policies that are seen in the West. One of the purposes of doing this thesis is to study this segment of the population, and develop an approach that is practical for Vietnam, to provide facilities for uplifting this disabled populace. I hope it acts as a guide or a framework for the planners in Vietnam for improving the potential of the disabled in the workforce. Throughout the body of work presented i have tried to compare and assess elements in Western conditions and Vietnam and have tried to draw conclusions on applicable and practical concepts that can be implemented in Vietnam.
KW  - Berufsschule
KW  - Barrierefreiheit
KW  - Vietnam
KW  - Schüler / Behinderung
KW  - Behinderter
KW  - Behindertengerechtes Bauen
KW  - Accesible
KW  - Vocational
KW  - School
KW  - Vietnam
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050707-6857
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Schweigel, Stefan
T1  - Aufnahme des Baufortschritts in verteilter Umgebung
N2  - Als Folge des hohen Termindrucks während des Bauablaufes, ist es besonders wichtig den Fortschritt eines Bauvorhabens zeitnah zu überwachen. Auf Großbaustellen kann die effektive Kontrolle nicht mehr ohne technische Hilfsmittel durchgeführt werden. Die Arbeit stellt verschiedene Szenarien für die verteilte Fortschrittserfassung vor und untersucht welche Anforderungen an ein System für die verteilte Erfassung gestellt werden. Dazu wird zuerst das bestehende CVS-System analysiert, um anschließend daraus ein Konzept für die Versionierung von Objekten und den automatischen Abgleich von Objektversionen zu entwickeln. Später wird gezeigt, wie dieses Konzept mit Hilfe von C# und dem Microsoft®-.NET-Framework umgesetzt werden kann.
KW  - Computer Supported Cooperative Work
KW  - Versionsverwaltung
KW  - CVS <Programm>
KW  - Microsoft dot net
KW  - computergestützte Baufortschrittskontrolle
KW  - Versionskontrolle
KW  - Objektversionierung
KW  - Versionsabgleich
KW  - Versionsverschmelzung
KW  - Computer Aided Progress Monitoring
KW  - reconciliation
KW  - merge
KW  - concurrency control
KW  - versions
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1534
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kang, Shihchung
A1  - Miranda, Eduardo
T1  - Automated Simulation of the Erection Activities in Virtual Construction
N2  - The goal of the research is the development of a computer system to plan, simulate and visualize erection processes in construction. In the research construction cranes are treated as robots with predefined degrees of freedom and crane-specific motion planning techniques are developed to generate time-optimized and collision-free paths for each piece to be erected in the project. Using inverse kinematics and structural dynamics simulation, the computer system then computes the crane motions and velocities necessary to achieve the previously calculated paths. The main benefits of the research are the accurate planning and scheduling of crane operations leading to optimization of crane usage and project schedules, as well as improving overall crane safety in the project. This research is aimed at the development of systems that will allow computer-assisted erection of civil infrastructure and ultimately to achieve fully-automated erection processes using robotic cranes...
KW  - Produktmodell
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Baukonstruktion
KW  - Virtuelle Realität
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2310
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Erlemann, Kai
T1  - BABSIM - An object-oriented software framework for microscopic simulation of freeway traffic
N2  - A wide variety of behavioural models exist in microscopic traffic simulation. Commercial programms often use closed-source policies and are confined to their respective simulation platforms. Open-source approaches mainly focus on distinctive, highly specialized traffic situations. In the scope of this paper, an open-source framework for developing modular, objectoriented simulation systems is presented, capable of simultaneously accommodating different driving models and enabling the user to modify and extend the catalogue of driving behaviours. The existing driving behaviours and the computational implementation of the simulation are being described.
KW  - Framework <Informatik>
KW  - API
KW  - Verkehrsplanung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2601
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Adami, Kay
T1  - Beitrag zur physikalisch nichtlinearen Analyse von Aussteifungssystemen mit Methoden der mathematischen Optimierung
T1  - Physically non-linear analysis of structural systems by methods of mathematical programming
N2  - Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht in der Entwicklung einer Strategie zur physikalisch nichtlinearen Analyse von Aussteifungssystemen. Der Anwendungsschwerpunkt umfasst neben dem traditionellen Aufgabenumfang zur Analyse neu zu errichtender Tragwerke gleichzeitig auch Planungsaufgaben, die mit Umbau- und Sanierungsmaßnahmen verbunden sind. Veränderungen, die sich während der Nutzungsgeschichte oder im Revitalisierungsprozess ergeben, werden in den Berechnungsmodellen berücksichtigt. In vielen Fällen ist es aus planerischer Sicht zweckmäßig, die Nichtlinearität des Materialverhaltens zur Erschließung von Tragreserven in den normativen Nachweiskonzepten mit einzubeziehen. Der damit verbundene numerische Aufwand wird durch die Verwendung separater Modelle zur Erfassung des Querschnitts- und des Systemtragverhaltens begrenzt, ohne die Komplexität der Aufgabenstellung zu reduzieren. Aus detaillierten Querschnittsuntersuchungen der Tragwände werden integrale Materialbeziehungen abgeleitet, welche die Grundlage für die nichtlineare Tragwerksanalyse darstellen. Die Modellbildung gegliederter Aussteifungswände basiert auf deren Zerlegung in ebene finite Stabsegmente, die sich durch die Diskretisierung in Längs- und in Querrichtung ergeben. Zusätzlich zu den an den Stabenden angreifenden Normalkräften, Querkräften und Biegemomenten werden an den Elementlängsrändern Schubbeanspruchungen erfasst. Die physikalische Nichtlinearität wird durch die Einbeziehung integraler Materialbeziehungen an den Segmenträndern berücksichtigt. Die numerische Umsetzung erfolgt mit Methoden der mathematischen Optimierung. Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Berechnungsstrategie wird exemplarisch anhand von Untersuchungen an Aussteifungssystemen in Großtafelbauweise nachgewiesen.
N2  - In this thesis a strategy to physically non-linear analysis of multi-storey buildings will be developed. With respect to reconstruction and revitalisation the structural system as well as the loadings can be modified. If the determination of internal forces is based on the assumption of linear elastic material behaviour, the bearing capacity of the structural system will be often not checkable. In this context it is reasonable to use models, which include non-linear effects. The investigated wall assemblies are subdivided into elementary wall elements, normally rectangular. At the edges of elements shear forces secures the compatibility between the individual walls. The physically non-linearity will be included by multi-linear material laws. The mechanical problem for determination of internal forces und deformations will be formulate as extremum principle with contraints. The mechanical model presented in this thesis shall be demonstrate on a structural system of large planel structure.
KW  - Stahlbeton
KW  - Nichtlineare Berechnung
KW  - Optimierung
KW  - Extremalprinzip
KW  - Revitalisierung
KW  - Aussteifungssystem
KW  - Großtafelbauweise
KW  - physikalisch nichtlinear
KW  - concrete
KW  - physically non-linear analysis
KW  - mathematical programming
KW  - revitalisation
KW  - large panel buildings
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040329-812
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Wuttke, Frank
T1  - Beitrag zur Standortidentifizierung mit Oberflächenwellen
T1  - Site identification using surface waves
N2  - In der Dissertation wurden unterschiedliche Methoden zur Standortidentifizierung mit Oberflächenwellen analysiert. Es wurden neue Methoden zur Parameteridentifikation unter Nutzung von Oberflächenwellen vorgeschlagen. Die Ziele der Arbeit können wie folgt definiert werden: a) Die Entwicklung eines geeigneten theoretischen Modells als Grundlage zur Untersuchung des Standortes hinsichtlich vorhandener Bodensteifigkeiten. b) Die Entwicklung einer neuen Inversionsmethodik unter Berücksichtigung aller auftretenden Moden im Oberflächenwellenfeld. Die Erstellung eines Modells des vertikal heterogenen Untergrundes erfolgte im Frequenz-bereichs für beliebig geschichtete Böden, aufbereitet durch weitestgehend analytische Formulierungen. Durch Nutzung beliebiger horizontaler, elastisch-isotroper Schichten konnte die vertikale Heterogenität approximiert werden. Die Definition der Green'schen Funktionen wurde in Form der Reflexions- und Transmissionskoeffizienten durchgeführt. Die Lösung des formulierten Halbraumproblems erfolgte unter Verwendung der Konturintegration. Dazu wurde die Vorgehensweise der bestehenden Lösung des homogenen Halbraums auf das Problem des geschichteten Mediums übertragen. Die daraus sich ergebende Lösung ist in ein Körperwellen- und ein Oberflächenwellenfeld separiert. Der Vorteil dieser analytischen Betrachtungsweise liegt in der eindeutigen Zuordnungsmöglichkeit der erhaltenen Lösungen zu Wellentypen und in der klaren Dispersionscharakteristik der berechneten Modelle. Im Gegensatz dazu liefern numerische Lösungen, wie FEM, immer ein Wellenfeld, in dem die Wellentypen zugeordnet bzw. interpretiert werden müssen. Mit Hilfe der synthetischen Bodenmodellierung wird das Verhalten von geschichteten Böden bei durchlaufenden Oberflächenwellenfeldern simuliert und untersucht. Für die Untersuchung der Profile wurde hauptsächlich die Modale Superposition von Oberflächenwellen und die Wellenzahl-Integration verwendet. Bei der Analyse von Oberflächenwellenfeldern in vorhandenen Medien sind abweichend von den üblichen seismischen Methoden spezielle Untersuchungsmethoden zur Ermittlung der vorhandenen Dispersion notwendig. Zur Durchführung der Dispersionsanalyse wird in geotechnischen Untersuchungen in der Regel das Phasen-Differenzen-Verfahren (SASW) genutzt. Aufgrund der beschränkten Aussagefähigkeit dieses Verfahrens zu auftretenden höheren Moden werden verbesserte Analysemethoden zur experimentellen Auswertung hinzugezogen. Diese Methoden nutzen zur Informationsgewinnung das räumlich ausgedehnte Wellenfeld. Ausgehend von dem Dispersionsverhalten kann die Bodenstruktur mittels inverser Methoden bestimmt werden. Für die gemeinsame Inversion der in den Messungen vorhandenen Moden wurde ein entsprechendes Inversionsverfahren abgeleitet. Als Grundlage der Inversion wurde ein Verfahren des kleinsten Fehlerquadrates gewählt. Der Vorteil hinsichtlich einer effizienten und stabilen Inversion unter Nutzung dieser Methodik überwiegt den Nachteil der lokalen Suche nach dem Fehlerminimum. Zum Erreichen der stabilen und zielgerichteten Inversion wird der Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithmus, zusammen mit der Wichtung der Dispersionsäste entsprechend ihres Anregungsverhaltens in den Dispersionsspektren, eingesetzt. Von Vorteil hat sich innerhalb der Arbeit die gleichzeitige Behandlung von theoretischen und experimentellen Parameterstudien erwiesen, da sich Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse beider Seiten ergänzten. Eine Interpretation von Felddaten kann damit weitaus sicherer durchgeführt werden. Zusätzlich konnten die erarbeiteten experimentellen und theoretischen Verfahren gegenseitig überprüft werden.
N2  - In this thesis various available methods for the site identification with surface waves were analyzed. Some new methods are proposed for the site identification using surface wave characteristics. The objectives of the thesis are as follows: a) To develop an appropriate theoretical model that can work in conjunction with the results obtained from the site inverstigations to precisely identify the actual in situ stiffness profiles. b) To develop a new inversion procedure that enables to inverse all the appearing modes in a wave field. An appropriate model should be able to define the vertical heterogeniety of the subsoil. In this study, the existing solution for the homogeneous half space was extended to the stratified medium. An analytical formulation in the frequency domain was used for this purpose by considering arbitrary horizontal, elastic isotropic layers. The Green’s functions were defined in the matrix formulation in the form of reflection- and transmission coefficients. In this way the analytical considerations could be carried out in a strong mathematical procedure. The solution for the forced excited layered half space was obtained following the contour integration. The solution could be separated in to the body wave and the surface wave fields. The advantage of such an analytical approach lies in the definite allocation of the preserved solutions for wave types and the straight dispersion characteristic of the calculated models. The difference between the analytical and the numerical solutions, such as using FEM, is that the interpretation of the calculated wave field is not required in the former, whereas it is necessary in the latter case. With the help of an analytic wave field calculation the behavior of the propagate surface wave fields in the stratified media could be better simulated and examined. For the investigation of the stiffness profiles primarily the modal superposition by surface waves and the wave number-integration were used. Special surface wave field investigation methods were necessary for the determination of the available dispersion characterisic. For the realization of the dispersion analysis in geoengineering investigations the phase difference method (SASW) is a widely used tool. Since the information on the higher modes are limited, an improved method is proposed to separate the different modes from the experimental data. The proposed method used the spatially spread wave field for the dispersion information. The soil structure can be determined by using various inverse methods. For the joint inversion of all the available modes in the measurements, a suitable inversion procedure was derived. For the stabilization of the inversion procedure, a least square method was chosen. The disadvantage of this efficient method is a local minimum search of the objective function. To achieve a stable and focused inversion procedure the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used. The different dispersion branches multiplied by weighting factors corresponds to the excitation behavior in the dispersion spectra. One particularly advantage in the work is the concurrent treatment of theoretical and experimental parameter studies. According this treatment, the results and cognitions of both sides were complementary. An interpretation of field data could be carried out reliably. In addition, the compiled experimental and theoretical procedures could be checked mutually.
KW  - Inversionsalgorithmus
KW  - Inversionstheorie
KW  - Wellenausbreitung
KW  - Anomale Dispersion
KW  - Dispersion <Welle>
KW  - Energieübertragung
KW  - wave propagation
KW  - inversion procedure
KW  - inversion theorie
KW  - wave field dispersion
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050708-6874
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Kanzow, Ulrich Michael
T1  - Beschreibung des Fließwiderstandes in der numerischen Berechnung von Gerinnen mit extremer relativer Rauheit
T1  - Description of flow resistance in numerical simulation of channels with extreme relative roughness
N2  - Die ein- und zweidimensionale numerische Berechnung der Fließvorgänge in offenen Gerinnen findet zunehmend auch Anwendung in der Modellierung immer komplexerer Prozesse im unter Anderem im Bereich der Ökosystemmodellierung in Gebirgs- und Mittelgebirgsbächen. In diesem Bereich existieren zurzeit noch Probleme hinsichtlich der hydraulischen Prognoserechnungen. Neben den numerischen Grundlagen werden die Abhängigkeiten des Strömungsfeldes von der Rauheitsstruktur der Sohle und der Überdeckungshöhe behandelt. Zur Untersuchung der Fließwiderstandsgleichungen wurden Laborversuche in einer Versuchsrinne durchgeführt. Es wird gezeigt, dass der üblicherweise verwendete Ansatz des mittleren Sohlgefälles bei der Berechnung der Sohlschubspannungsgeschwindigkeit u* in Stufen-Becken-Sequenzen nicht zulässig ist. Stattdessen ist es erforderlich, die lokalen Energieliniengefälle zu bestimmen und einzusetzen. Die Anwendung der aus der Literatur bekannten Ansätze zur Beschreibung des Fließwiderstandes führt zu keinen befriedigenden Ergebnissen und wird ausführlich diskutiert. In der Untersuchung der verschiedenen Fließwiderstandsbeziehungen zeigte sich, dass insbesondere die ungenügende Beschreibung der Rauheitstruktur der Sohloberfläche durch einen charakteristischen Korndurchmesser des Sohlmaterials als unzureichend anzusehen ist. Hinsichtlich der Beschreibung rauer Oberflächenstrukturen wurde ein einfacher Segmentierungsalgorithmus entwickelt, der es erlaubt, komplizierte Oberflächenstrukturen zu vereinfachen und über die Standardabweichung abschnittsweise Rauheiten zuzuweisen. Dieses Verfahren wird in einem zweidimensionalen hydraulischen Modell eingesetzt. Hierdurch wird für die Wassertiefenbestimmung als auch für die Fließgeschwindigkeitsbestimmung eine Berücksichtigung der speziellen topographischen Verhältnisse ermöglicht.
N2  - One- and two-dimensional numerical simulations of open-channel flows are more and more used for applications of constantly more complex processes among other things in the field of ecohydraulics in mountainous streams. Among the principles of numerical simulation the flow field and its interdependence of roughness elements as well as flow depth are treated. Investigations are made in a laboratory flume. It is shown, that the usually used approach of average bed slope in step-pool sequences is not admissible instead of local energy slope. The application of approaches known from literary are not leading to satisfying results. The investigation of different resistance equations showed in particular that insufficient describing of roughness structures of bed level only by characteristic grain size fails. Regarding description of roughness structures was developed an simple segmentation algorithm which allows to simplify complex roughness structures. They are transformed to segments of similar standard deviation. This algorithm is inserted in an two-dimensional flow model. Therefore calculation of water depth and flow velocity can be done regarding topographic situation, e.g. step-pool sequences.
KW  - Rauigkeit
KW  - Direkte numerische Simulation
KW  - Strömungswiderstand
KW  - Oberflächenstruktur
KW  - Fließgewässer
KW  - Segmentierung
KW  - Oberflächenbeschreibung
KW  - Rauheitsparameter
KW  - Geschwindigkeitsverteilung
KW  - Stufen-Schwellen-Sequenzen
KW  - step-pool sequences
KW  - velocity distribution
KW  - roughness
KW  - surface structures
KW  - segmentation algorithm
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050307-4181
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Zarli, Alain
A1  - Storer, Graham
A1  - Kazi, Abdul Samad (Sami)
T1  - Building a Better Future: Major Results from the ICCI Cluster Project
N2  - To support research in the building sector and in order to help it move towards a new digital economy, the European Commission under the 5th Framework initiative, especially the IST programme, funded various RTD projects. The opportunity to bring these IST projects together was acknowledged so that stronger links can be created under a clustering umbrella and that, moreover, links of those projects with their RTD environment could be facilitated. This has been the objective of work carried out within the ICCI (IST-2001-33022) Cluster project. This paper introduces the main aims and objectives of the project, and then presents its principal outcomes. In a second part, it synthesises the underlying concepts, technology and tools that will make ICT-based Construction a reality in a near future, and gives recommended actions for the industry, the EC and the Construction ICT R&D in Europe, giving some benefit of this project experience to the three communities.
KW  - Forschung
KW  - Europa
KW  - Informationstechnik
KW  - Baubetrieb
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1994
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kabath, Meik
A1  - Stuyts, Patrick
T1  - Building Design towards 5-dimensions
N2  - There exists a big gap between the capabilities of current 3D-CAD applications and their actual usage in practice. Many architects and planners still prefer to draft in 2D because the benefits of 3D modeling are difficult to explain. This presentation offers a basis to view the 3D building model not merely as the source for 2D plan generation. By adding extra dimensions like Time and Cost to the 3D building model it becomes possible to generate dynamic information on building construction progress with regards to used material, resources and cost. These additional benefits are key elements to many planners and contractors and may therefore widen the acceptance of 3D building modeling in general.
KW  - Bauindustrie
KW  - Baukonstruktion
KW  - Bauwerksplanung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2712
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Gebbeken, Norbert
A1  - Pfeiffer, Eberhard
A1  - Videkhina, Inna
T1  - Calculation of beam structures with the symbolic computer language Maple
N2  - Beside the standard calculation programs for civil engineering buildings mathematical programs have been lately established for the solution of differential equations for the analysis of mechanical and static systems. Programs like Maple, Matlab, MathCAD and Mathematica are popular in this field. To the knowledge of the authors, the widest application functionality offers the program Maple. Its advantages are, e.g. the alternatively symbolic or numerical solution of differential equation systems, the easy handling of parameter studies, the immediate visualization of results, the definition of macros for selected calculation steps and their export in other computer languages and, not least, the automatically generated, very clear documentation of the matehematical calculus.
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Computerunterstütztes Lernen
KW  - Maple
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-845
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras
A1  - Kaklauskas, Arturas
T1  - Civil Engineering Decision Support Systems in Lithuania
N2  - Civil engineering decision support systems (construction, building life cycle, refurbishment, total quality management, innovation, etc.) created in Lithuania are described in this paper. The above decision support systems comprise of the following constituent parts: data (database and its management system), models (model base and its management system) and a user interface. Presentation of information in databases may be in conceptual (digital, textual, graphical, photographic, video) and quantitative forms. Quantitative information presented involves criteria systems and subsystems, units of measurement, values and initial weight fully defining the variants provided. The databases were developed providing a multiple criteria analysis of alternatives from economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative, legislative, social and other perspectives. This information is provided in a user-oriented way. Since the analysis of alternatives is usually performed by taking into account economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative and other factors, a model-base include models which enable a decision maker to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the variants available and make a proper choice. These systems, related questions and practical case study were analysed the paper.
KW  - Wissensmanagement
KW  - Bautechnik
KW  - Entscheidungsunterstützungssystem
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2579
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hartmann, Ulrich C.
T1  - Collaboration in AEC Design : Web-enabling Applications using Peer-to-Peer Office Communicator
N2  - A market analysis conducted by Gartner Dataquest in August 2001 has shown the typical characteristics of the AEC design process. High volatility in membership of AEC design groups and members dispersed over several external offices is the common collaboration scenario. Membership is most times short lived, compared to the overall duration of the process. A technical solution has to take that into account by making joining and leaving a collaborative work group very easy. The modelling of roles of collaboration between group members must be based on a commonly understood principle like the publisher / subscriber model, where the individual that is responsible for the distribution of vital information is clear. Security issues and trust in the confidentiality of the system is a central concern for the acceptance of the system. Therefore, keeping the subset of data that will be published under the absolute control of the publisher is a must. This is not the case with server-based scenarios, sometimes even due to psychological reasons. A loosely bound Peer-to-Peer network offers advantages over a server-based solution, because of less administrative overhead and simple installation procedures. In a peer-to-peer environment, a publish/subscribe role model can be more easily implemented. The publish/subscribe model matches the way AEC processes are modelled in real world scenarios today, where legal proof of information exchange between external offices is of high importance. Workflow management systems for small to midsize companies of the AEC industry may adopt the peer-to-peer approach to collaboration in the future. Further investigations are being made on the research level (WINDS) by integrating the viewer and redlining application Collaborate! into a collaborative environment.
KW  - Ingenieurbau
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Planungsprozess
KW  - Modellierung
KW  - Kommunikationsmodell
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1386
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hassan, Tarek
A1  - Shelbourn, Mark
A1  - Carter, Chris
T1  - Collaboration in Construction: Legal and Contractual Issues in ICT Applications
N2  - The construction industry is a project-based business bringing together many different organisations to complete a desired goal. The strategic use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has enabled this goal to be completed more effectively. Two issues require addressing, the technology itself and the implementation factors of the technology. Such implementation factors should consider, among other factors, the legal and contractual issues associated with the use of ICT, training requirements and its effects on the organisational culture. To date the legal and contractual issues have not been extensively covered, and it is recognised that the technologies have not been properly covered by any recognised legal and contractual practices. This in turn is threatening to inhibit the growth and prosperity of the use of the technology on construction projects. This paper discusses these legal and contractual issues and describes methods and tools that can be used to enable the growth of technology to be used in a legal and contractually valid environment.
KW  - Forschung
KW  - Europa
KW  - Informationstechnik
KW  - Bauindustrie
KW  - Vertrag
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2005
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Soibelman, Lucio
A1  - O'Brien, William
A1  - Elvin, George
T1  - Collaborative Design Processes: A Class on Concurrent Collaboration in Multidisciplinary Design
N2  - The rise of concurrent engineering in construction demands early team formation and constant communication throughout the project life cycle, but educational models in architecture, engineering and construction have been slow to adjust to this shift in project organization. Most students in these fields spend the majority of their college years working on individual projects that do not build teamwork or communication skills. Collaborative Design Processes (CDP) is a capstone design course where students from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University of Florida learn methods of collaborative design enhanced by the use of information technology. Students work in multidisciplinary teams to collaborate from remote locations via the Internet on the design of a facility. An innovation of this course compared to previous efforts is that students also develop process designs for the integration of technology into the work of multidisciplinary design teams. The course thus combines both active and reflective learning about collaborative design and methods. The course is designed to provide students the experience, tools, and methods needed to improve design processes and better integrate the use of technology into AEC industry work practices. This paper describes the goals, outcomes and significance of this new, interdisciplinary course for distributed AEC education. Differences from existing efforts and lessons learned to promote collaborative practices are discussed. Principal conclusions are that the course presents effective pedagogy to promote collaborative design methods, but faces challenges in both technology and in traditional intra-disciplinary training of students.
KW  - Hochschulbildung
KW  - Entscheidungsunterstützung
KW  - Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1948
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Miles, John
A1  - Joita, Liviu
A1  - Burnap, Peter
T1  - Collaborative Engineering: Virtual Teams in a Grid Environment Supporting Consortia in the Construction Industry
N2  - In the AEC (Architecture / Engineering / Construction) industry a number of individuals and organisations collaborate and work jointly on a construction project. The resulting consortium has large pool of expertise and experience and can be defined as a Virtual Organisation (VO) formed for the duration of the project. VOs are electronically networked organisations where IT and web based communication technology play an important role in coordinating various activities of these organisations. This paper describes the design, development and implementation of a Grid enabled application called the Product Supplier Catalogue Database (PSCD) which supports collaborative working in consortia. As part of the Grid-enabling process, specialised metadata is being developed to enable PSCD to effectively utilise Grid middleware such as Globus and Java CoG toolkits. We also describe our experience whilst designing, developing and deploying the security service of the application using the Globus Security Interface (GSI).
KW  - Ingenieurbau
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Planungsprozess
KW  - Modellierung
KW  - Projektmanagement
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1362
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fruchter, Renate
A1  - Saxena, Kushagra
A1  - Breidenthal, Matt
T1  - Collaborative Exploration of Rich Content in Support of Knowledge Re-use
N2  - A/E/C Team members, while collaborating on building projects, rely on past experiences and content through the use of project design archives (whether in paper or digital format). This leads to underutilization of potential knowledge, as decision-making of data, information, and knowledge reuse is limited by access to these archives, due to sheer size and inconvenient presentation. This paper presents an integrated solution that leverages two technologies CoMem (Corporate Memory) and iRoom (interactive Room) developed at Stanford. This addresses critical limitations, i.e., content, context, visualization and interactivity, constraining the process of collaborative exploration towards knowledge reuse and decision-making.
KW  - Hochschulbildung
KW  - Entscheidungsunterstützung
KW  - Wissensverarbeitung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1952
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - König, Reinhard
A1  - Bauriedel, Christian
T1  - Computer-generated Urban Structures
T2  - Proceedings of the Generative Art Conference
N2  - How does it come to particular structure formations in the cities and which strengths play a role in this process? On which elements can the phenomena be reduced to find the respective combination rules? How do general principles have to be formulated to be able to describe the urban processes so that different structural qualities can be produced? With the aid of mathematic methods, models based on four basic levels are generated in the computer, through which the connections between the elements and the rules of their interaction can be examined. Conclusions on the function of developing processes and the further urban origin can be derived.
KW  - Computational Urban Design
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20160623-26090
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
CY  - Milan, Italy
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Katzenbach, Rolf
A1  - Giere, Johannes
T1  - Coordinating Planning Processes in AEC using an Adaptable Process Model
N2  - The contribution introduces an adaptable process model to meet the special requirements of the coordination of planning activities in AEC (Architecture, Engineering, Construction). The process model is based on the concept of Coloured Petri-Nets and uses metainformation to characterize process-relevant information and to enable process-control based on the actual results of the planning.
KW  - Prozessmodell
KW  - Planungsprozess
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-946
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kopyto, Martin
A1  - Petersen, Michael
A1  - Diaz, Joaquin
T1  - Cost and Schedule Controlling in Relation to Liquidity Management during Construction Projects
N2  - The present paper describes a software application which can be used for relating the scheduled events of a construction project with the respective financial parameters, leading to an overall improvement in general controlling and liquidity management. For this purpose, existing construction schedules are taken and details of the assignment are recorded. Thus it becomes possible to assess a future payment status should changes in the designated schedule occur.
KW  - Baubetrieb
KW  - Computerunterstütztes Verfahren
KW  - Controlling
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1599
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Lang, Dominik H.
T1  - Damage potential of seismic ground motion considering local site effects
N2  - The main objective of the present work is to establish a link between the scientific fields of engineering seismology and structural engineering. Substantially it deals with the application and enhancements of methods coming from engineering seismology as well as their junctions to the fields of structural engineering respectively earthquake engineering. Based on real occurred earthquake damage inflicted to multistoried reinforced-concrete frame buildings, the influence of local site effects on the grade of structural damage is worked out. This relying on comprehensive investigations conducted during numerous field missions of German TaskForce after damaging earthquakes in Venezuela and Türkiye. Instrumental investigations on both the structure and its local subsoil in order to identify the damage potential of seismic ground motion take center stage of the thesis. Thereby it is examined whether or not an estimated seismic demand representative in amplitude level and frequency characteristics is able to cause structural damage considering the vulnerability of the structure itself as well as the local site and subsoil conditions. Investigations are concentrated on selected RC frame structures with or without masonry infill walls.
N2  - Die Arbeit ordnet sich in die wissenschaftliche Disziplin der Ingenieurseismologie ein. Sie beinhaltet im wesentlichen die Anwendung und Weiterentwicklung ingenieurseismologischer Methoden sowie deren Verbindung zum Bereich des konstruktiven Ingenieurbaus bzw. des Erdbebeningenieurwesens. Auf der Grundlage dokumentierter Erdbebenschäden an ingenieurmäßig ausgeführten Bauwerken wird der Einfluß sogenannter lokaler Standorteffekte („site effects“) auf den Grad der Schädigung untersucht. Die hierfür notwendige Datenbasis instrumenteller Standortuntersuchungen sowie die Dokumentation und Analyse repräsentativer Bauwerksstrukturen wurde im Rahmen der Einsätze der Deutschen TaskForce für Erdbeben erhoben. Diese stützen sich insbesondere auf Feldeinsätze in Venezuela und der Türkei. Im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit steht die Identifikation des Schadenspotentials seismischer Bodenbewegung mittels instrumenteller Standort- und Bauwerksuntersuchungen. Dabei wird im einzelnen untersucht inwieweit eine für den Standort repräsentative seismische Einwirkung fähig ist unter Berücksichtigung der Bauwerksverletzbarkeit und der anstehenden Untergrundbedingungen strukturelle Bauwerksschäden hervorzurufen. Hierbei konzentrieren sich die Untersuchungen auf mehrgeschossige Stahlbeton-Rahmenbauwerke mit und ohne Mauerwerksausfachung. Der wissenschaftliche Ansatz, die durch Erdbeben verursachten Bauwerksschäden über instrumentelle Standortuntersuchungen zu interpretieren, ist Gegenstand einer Reihe unterschiedlicher Forschungsarbeiten. Meist beschränken sich diese auf die Betrachtung des Untergrundes und dessen verstärkenden Effekte auf die seismische Bodenbewegung. Ein überzeugender Nachweis, daß diese Verstärkungseffekte auch tatsächlich für die Bauwerksschäden verantwortlich sind, wurde bis dato nicht erbracht. Vor allem die Berücksichtigung der Bauwerks mitsamt seinen strukturellen Defiziten, die durch Material- und Ausführungsqualität oder durch Entwurfsfehler hervorgerufen werden, kommt hierbei oft zu kurz. Um die potentiell schadenverursachenden Verstärkungseffekte des Untergrundes identifi-zieren zu können stehen eine Reihe unterschiedlicher Methoden und Verfahren zur Verfügung (site response estimation techniques). Dabei wird grundsätzlich zwischen den empirischen Verfahren der Ingenieurseismologie auf meßtechnisch gewonnene Daten und den analytischen Verfahren der Bodendynamik unterschieden. Letztere bedingen detaillierte Informationen zu den einzelnen Bodenschichten (mechanische und dynamische Parameter), die jedoch zeit- und kostenaufwendige Untersuchungen voraussetzen.
T2  - Schadenspotential seismischer Bodenbewegung unter Berücksichtigung lokaler Standorteffekte
T3  - Scientific technical reports // Zentrum für Ingenieuranalysen von Erdbebenschäden Weimar - 2004,1 
KW  - Erdbebenschaden
KW  - Bodenunruhe
KW  - Schadenspotential
KW  - Untergrundklassifikation
KW  - H/V-Methode
KW  - Push-over Analyse
KW  - Stahlbeton-Rahmenbauwerke
KW  - site classification
KW  - microtremors
KW  - earthquake damage
KW  - damage potential
KW  - push-over analysis
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040826-911
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Winkelmann, Arne
T1  - Das Pionierlager Artek. Realität und Utopie in der sowjetischen Architektur der sechziger Jahre
T1  - The Pioneer Camp Artek. Reality and Utopia in Soviet Architecture of the 1960's
N2  - Das in den 1960er Jahren gebaute, internationale Pionierlager Artek an der Schwarzmeerküste der Krim war das größte Kinderferienlager der Sowjetunion. Als Prestigeobjekt und Vorzeigeinstitution steht Artek für die Architektur der Ära Chruschtschows, des sogenannten „Tauwetters“. Anhand des dialektischen Prinzips von Präsentation und Repräsentation werden vier Aspekte des Lagers untersucht: Architektur, städtebauliche Struktur, Erziehung und Gesamtkunstwerk. Durch dieses Prinzip, das sich aus der Widerspiegelungstheorie ableiten läßt, kann jedem dieser Aspekte die Kongruenz zur ideologischen Zielsetzung und damit die gestalterische Kohärenz der Ferienanlage nachgewiesen werden. In Abgrenzung zur modernen Architektur der westlichen Industrienationen wurde in Artek eine spezifisch „sozialistische Moderne“ für die Sowjetunion und die übrigen Staaten des Ostblocks definiert. Diese war eng verbunden mit dem Städtebau auf der Grundlage von Mikrorayons und der Ausgestaltung von Stadt- und Subzentren. Artek ist mit seiner idealtypischen, architektonischen und städtebaulichen Gestaltung ein Denkmal für die frühere Sowjetunion.
N2  - The pioneer camp Artek on the Crimean peninsula at the Black Sea was built in the 1960’s and was the biggest of its kind in the former Soviet Union. As a representative and representing institution Artek is a famous example for the architecture of the Khrushchev-era, the so called “Thaw”. From the dialectical principle of presentation and representation four aspects of the camp are analysed: architecture, urban planning, education and “Gesamtkunstwerk”. Within these principle which is deduced from the “Widerspiegelungstheorie” every aspect shows congruence to its ideological target and with that the coherent design of the camp. Distinguishing to the modern architecture of the western industrial nations in Artek a specific “socialist modernism” for the Soviet Union and the allied countries was defined. This was strictly linked with an urban planning based on Mikrorayons and the design of city-centers and sub-centers. Artek as an ideal design of architecture and urban planning is a monument for the former Soviet Union.
KW  - Entstalinisierung
KW  - Pioniererziehung
KW  - Architektur
KW  - Krim
KW  - Sozialistischer Realismus
KW  - Stahlbetonbau / Skelettbau
KW  - sozialistische Moderne
KW  - Artek
KW  - Junge Pioniere
KW  - sowjetische Architektur
KW  - socialist modernism
KW  - Artek
KW  - young pioneers
KW  - soviet architecture
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040817-878
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Cheung, Moe M. S.
A1  - Noruziaan, Bahman
A1  - Li, W. C.
T1  - Data acquisition, processing and management systems for a Canadian bridge monitoring project
N2  - This paper will present a number of technical aspects for one of the most elaborate instrumentation and data acquisition projects ever undertaken in Canada. Confederation Bridge, the longest bridge built over ice covered seawater has been equipped with the state of the art data acquistition devices and systems as well as data transfer networks. The Bridge has been providing a fixed surface connection between Prince Edward Island and Province of New Brunswick in Canada since its opening in 1997. The Bridge has a rather long design service life of 100 years. Because of its large size and long span length, its design is not covered by any existing codes or standards worldwide. The focus of the paper is to introduce the data acquisition, transfer, processing and management systems. The instrumentation and communications infrastructure and devices will be presented in some details along with the data processing and management systems and techniques. Teams of engineers and researchers use the collected data to verify the analysis and design assumptions and parameters as well as investigate the short-term and long-term behaviour and health of the Bridge. The collected data are also used in furthering research activities in the field of bridge engineering and in elevating our knowledge about behaviour, reliability and durability of such complex structures, their components and materials.
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Datenmanagement
KW  - Brückenbau
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1235
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Liu, Liang
A1  - Soibelman, Lucio
A1  - Wu, Jianfeng
T1  - Data Fusion and Modeling for Construction Management Knowledge Discovery
N2  - Advances in construction data analysis techniques have provided useful tools to discover explicit knowledge on historical databases supporting project managers’ decision making. However, in many situations, historical data are extracted and preprocessed for knowledge discovery based on time-consuming and problem-specific data preparation solutions, which often results in inefficiencies and inconsistencies. To overcome the problem, we are working on the development of a new data fusion methodology, which is designed to provide timely and consistent access to historical data for efficient and effective management knowledge discovery. The methodology is intended to be a new bridge between historical databases and data analysis techniques, which shields project managers from complex data preparation solutions, and enables them to use discovered knowledge for decision making more conveniently. This paper briefly describes the motivation, the background and the initial results of the ongoing research.
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Datenmanagement
KW  - Wissensverarbeitung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1254
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Pavlov, Alexander
T1  - Data Transfer and Objects Recognition in Building Design
N2  - The problem of data interoperability is now very important. The formal description of construction systems and objects must base upon the modeling for the description of construction data domain. The XML-language was selected as a basis of a universal data format, ensuring natural hierarchy of objects, flexibility, good layout and expandability. The language, developed by the author, is called Building Object Description Extensible Markup Language (bodXML). The types of all objects used by data transfer should be definite beforehand with existing methods of programming. It limits the possibilities of IT in application of new types. But the recipient software must recognize the building objects even if the kind of object is unknown at the outset. The author offers a set of main topological and geometric properties being sufficient for recognition of main three-dimensional building constructions with flat edges. The tests of artificial neuron network have shown that the recognition of a kind of the constructions represented as a set of indicated parameters happens enough confidently.
KW  - Bauwerk
KW  - Datenmanagement
KW  - Datenaustausch
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1265
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras
A1  - Kaklauskas, Arturas
A1  - Viteikiene, Milda
T1  - Database of Best Practices and Decision Support Web-based System for Construction Innovation
N2  - Many construction and facilities management Web sites can be found on the Internet. The interested parties on construction and facilities management Web sites can find databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, expert and decision support systems, neural networks, etc. Technological innovation mainly through changes in the availability of information and communication technology inclusive databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, neural networks, decision support and expert systems that have been provided by a variety of new services developed by the construction and facilities management sectors. Most of all calculators, analyzers, software, decision support and expert systems, neural networks and on-line systems seek to find out how to make the most economic decisions and most of all these decisions are intended only for economic objectives. Alternatives under evaluation have to be evaluated not only from the economic position, but take into consideration qualitative, technical, technological and other characteristics as well. Based on the analysis of the existing calculators, analyzers, information, expert and decision support systems, neural networks and in order to determine most efficient versions of best practices a Decision Support Web-Based System for Construction Innovation (IDSS) was developed by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
KW  - Mehragentensystem
KW  - Lernendes System
KW  - Wissensverarbeitung
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2173
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaklauskas, Gintaris
A1  - Cervenka, Vladimir
A1  - Cervenka, Jan
T1  - Deflection Calculation of RC Beams: Finite Element Software versus Design Code Methods
N2  - The paper investigates accuracy of deflection predictions made by the finite element package ATENA and design code methods ACI and EC2. Deflections have been calculated for a large number of experimental reinforced concrete beams reported by three investigators. Statistical parameters have been established for each of the technique at different load levels, separately for the beams with small and moderate reinforcement ratio.
KW  - Finite-Elemente-Methode
KW  - Physikalisches Verfahren
KW  - Balken
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2498
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Zierold, Sabine
T1  - Der mediale Raum der Architektur
T1  - The medial space of architecture
N2  - Der architektonische Raum wird als ein Medium der Kommunikation im Kontext der >neuen< Medien begriffen, aus der Erkenntnis, dass er schon immer ein Medium war und aus einer komplexen Medienstruktur in Abhängigkeit von anderen Medien besteht. Im Prozess von Handlung und Kommunikation ist der architektonische Raum das Medium, das räumliche Nähe von Individuen über alle Sinne und das Bewusstsein gleichzeitig intensiv ermöglicht. Der architektonische Raum als immersives Kommunikationsmedium erreicht im Zeitalter der >neuen< Medien eine neue Dimension, indem mehr und andere Wirklichkeitsalternativen der Kommunikation zur Verfügung stehen. N. Luhmann folgend, wird die Architektur aus der Sicht der Form/Medium-Differenz systemtheoretisch als strukturierter Möglichkeitsraum betrachtet. Der Raum ist das Medium für Formen des architektonischen Raumes, in dem Architektur überhaupt erst wirksam wird. Umgekehrt sind die Formen des architektonischen Raumes Medien für die Wahrnehmung einer Vielzahl von räumlichen Wirklichkeiten. Eine Fassade aus Stein oder Glas ist gebaute Form und kann als Medium Information kommunizieren. Medien werden ihrer Bestimmung um so besser gerecht, je mehr sie sich der Aufmerksamkeit entziehen und wie transparente Fenster hinter der Oberfläche der sinnlichen Wahrnehmung zurücktreten. Als >unwahrnehmbares< Medium ist der architektonische Raum damit eine hintergründige >Wirkungsmacht<, eine Bühne für die Entfaltung von Wirkung, Atmosphäre und Bewegung. Seine physische Wirklichkeit war schon immer durch virtuelle Wirklichkeiten oder Realitäten entgrenzt, die durch Techniken und Technologien der Simulation als künstliche Welten wahrnehmbar und kommunizierbar werden. Dies kann an tradierten Beispielen der gotischen Kathedrale, dem Panorama, den panoptischen Räumen, dem Theater, Kino oder den kontinuierlichen Räumen von der Moderne bis heute aufgezeigt weren. Virtuelle Räume gotischer Glasbilder oder barocker Decken- und Wandbilder im Medium des architektonischen Raumes sind uns geläufig. Die Immersion, das Eintauchen in diese virtuellen Wirklichkeitsspären löst die Wahrnehmung der eigenen körperlichen Präsenz in ihnen aus. Das Potential des virtuellen Raumes der Architektur besteht im Vergleich zu anderen virtuellen Realitäten von Text, Bild oder digitalen Medien in seiner Gebundenheit an die physische, räumliche Reizstruktur, der er die Eindringlichkeit und Komplexität seiner Wirkung verdankt. Es werden unterschiedliche Wechselwirkungen und gemeinsame Entwicklungen von zeitgenössischen Beispielen der Architektur mit den >neuen< Medien aufgezeigt. In der »sensitiven Wand« wird die physische Raumgrenze durch die Integration neuer Techniken und Technologien digitaler, elektronischer Medien etwas extrem Flexibles und Formbares in Interaktion mit dem Benutzer. Der H2O Pavillon (Oosterhuis und NOX, 1997) ist ein Beispiel dafür. Der ausgeprägt polysensorische Immersionsraum steht für die Einheit von digitaler und architektonischer Simulation. Die metaphorische Welt von Höhle und Quelle des Thermalbades Vals (P.Zumthor, 1996) ist die räumliche Reflexion auf die metaphorische Struktur virtueller Räume der >neuen< Medien. Die simulierte Wirklichkeit in den Medien Wasser, Stein und architektonischer Raum produziert schöpferisch den polysensorischen immersiven Zugang in die virtuellen Welten >authentischer< physischer Umgebung. Das >Sichtbare< im Medium Raum der Architektur ist ohne das >Unsichtbare< nicht zu begreifen bzw. das sinnlich Wahrnehmbare nicht ohne das Unwahrnehmbare. Das Erkennen dieser Relation von Form und Medium ermöglicht die Formulierung des neuen Begriffes des medialen Raumes der Architektur, der zur Basis für eine Medientheorie der Architektur wird, als Sichtweise der Entgrenzung des physischen Raumes durch den virtuellen Raum für die subjektive Wahrnehmung, Handlung und Kommunikation.
N2  - Within the context of the >new< media, architectonic space must be understood as a medium of communication. This is because it was always a medium, coexisting with other media within a complex media structure. Ensconced as it is within a process of activity and communication, architectonic space is the one medium that facilitates such a close proximity of individuals whose senses and consciousness thus experience a simultaneity of intensity. The architectonic space as an immersive communication medium attained a new dimension in the age of the >new< media, interactive communication availing itself of an increased number of alternative realities. Following the work of N. Luhmann, architecture may be viewed from the perspective of form/medium-difference as a structured space of possibilities within a theory of systems. The space is the medium for forms of architectonic space in the sense that only then does the architecture itself become apparent. The contrary is the case where forms of architectonic space act as media for the apperception of numerous spatial realities. A façade made of stone or glass is built form and as a medium can impart information. The more media abandon their advertence, the better they fulfil their appropriateness and recede like transparent windows behind the surface of animal consciousness. Thus, architectonic space as a >non-perceptible< medium becomes an >agent of power<, a stage for the evolvement of agency, atmosphere and movement/action. Its physical reality was always borderless, not bounded by virtual actualities or realities which are themselves perceivable and communicable as artificial worlds via the techniques and technologies of simulation. Right up to the present day, this is exemplified by artifices such as the Gothic cathedral, the panorama and panoramic spaces, the theatre, the cinema, or the continuous spaces of modernism. Virtual spaces defined by Gothic stained glass or ceiling and wall murals of the Baroque – within the medium of the architectonic space lest we forget – are all familiar to us. Immersion, in the sense of submerging in these virtual sanctums of reality, releases the apperception of each corporeal presence. In comparison to other virtual realities such as text, image or digital media, the potential of the virtual space in architecture arises out of its bondage to the physical and spatial structure of stimuli on which the forcefulness and complexity of its effectiveness depends. Citing examples of contemporary architecture points up various interdependencies between and common evolutions among the >new< media. As new techniques and technologies of digital and electronic media are introduced, the physical spatial border of the >sensitive wall< becomes in terms of interaction increasingly pliable and ductile for the user. The H2O Pavilion (Oosterhuis and NOX, 1997) is just one example. The highly polysensoric immersion space stands for the unity of digital and architectonic simulation. The metaphoric world of caverns and wells of the hot springs at Vals (P. Zumthor, 1996) is the spatial reflexion on the metaphoric structure of virtual spaces as exemplified by the >new< media. The simulated reality in the media water, stone, and architectonic space, enables in an inventive way the polysensoric and immersive access to the virtual worlds of the >authentic< physical environment. That which is >visible< in the medium of architectural space is not understandable without the >invisible<; in other words, the state of sensory perceptibility depends on the existence of the non-perceptible. The recognition of this relation between form and medium allows a new term to be formulated: the >medial space of architecture<. This in turn becomes the basis for a new media theory of architecture itself, a premise defined as a perspective on the debordering of physical space through the virtual one and existing to provide subjective apperception, activity and communication.
KW  - Architektur
KW  - Medium
KW  - Form
KW  - Bauform
KW  - Raumwahrnehmung
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Imagination
KW  - Kommunikation
KW  - Immersion <Virtuelle Realität>
KW  - Illusion
KW  - architektonischer Raum
KW  - Virtualität
KW  - architectural space
KW  - virtuality
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20060806-8106
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Laudel, Katja
T1  - Der Typenwandel des ländlichen Wohnhauses im Oderbruch zwischen 1753 zwischen 1850 - Der Einfluss von friderizianischer Kolonisation und preußischer Obrigkeit auf die Hausformen der ländlichen Untertanen
T1  - The transformation of the rural house types in Oderbruch between 1753 and 1850
N2  - Seit ihren Anfängen im ausgehenden 19. Jh. ist der brandenburgischen Hausforschung ein Phänomen in der Entwicklung des ländlichen Wohnhauses bekannt, das in der vorliegenden Arbeit als Typenwandel bezeichnet wird: Zahlreiche Landschaften der ehemaligen Kurmark Brandenburg wurden bis in das 18. Jh. hinein von einem giebelständigen Haustyp - dem sogenannten Märkischen Mittelflurhaus - geprägt. Im Verlauf des 18. und 19. jh. wurde dieser von einem traufständigen Haustyp - dem sogenannten Mitteldeutschen Ernhaus - >verdrängt<. Dieser Typenwandel ist wie jeder Wandel einer tradierten Hausform auf einen Komplex verschiedener Faktoren und Einflussgrößen zurückzuführen. Über diese Faktoren und Einflussgrößen bestehen in der bisherigen regionalen Hausforschung folgende Thesen: Zum einen wird angenommen, dass das Vorbild der im Rahmen der friderizianischen Kolonisation seit der Mitte des 18. Jh. zahlreich erbauten, traufständigen Kolonistenhäuser diesen Typenwandel beeinflusst oder ausgelöst habe. Zum anderen seien die baupolizeilichen Vorschriften und der Einfluss der preußischen Landbauschule - vertreten durch das Oberbaudepartement - ein auslösender oder beschleunigender Faktor gewesen. Aufgabe der Untersuchung ist es, diese Thesen anhand eines geeigneten Untersuchungsgebietes zu diskutieren. Als solches eignete sich das Oderbruch insbesondere, weil es das größte zusammenhängende Siedlungsgebiet auf deutscher Seite darstellt, das unter der Regentschaft Friedrichs des Großen kolonisiert wurde, und seine allmähliche Trockenlegung seit der Mitte des 18. Jh. von intensiven obrigkeitlichen Eingriffen begleitet war. Mit der zusätzlichen Abgrenzung der untersuchten Hausformen auf diejenigen der ländlichen Mittelschicht, d.h. auf die Häuser der Bauern, Fischer und Kossäten, basiert die zentrale stratigrafische Untersuchung des Wandlungsprozesses einerseits auf durch die Autorin selbst erarbeiteter Bauforschung am rezenten Hausbestand und andererseits auf der Auswertung umfangreichen Archivmaterials. Der durch zahlreiche Übergangsformen nachweisbare Prozess der Herausbildung des jüngeren Haustyps aus dem älteren Haustyp heraus widerlegt die bisherige Annahme, dass der Typenwandel lediglich eine Grenzverschiebung zwischen den geografischen Verbreitungsgebieten zweier frühneuzeitlicher Haustypen gewesen sei. Die archivalische Überlieferung zur friderizianischen Kolonisation, zum ländlichen Baugeschehen im ausgehenden 18. und beginnenden 19. Jh. sowie zur obrigkeitlichen Reglementierung des >Unterthanenbauwesens< erbringt den eindeutigen Nachweis, dass weder das Vorbild der Kolonistenhäuser noch irgendeine Form der obrigkeitlichen Einflussnahme für den Wandel vom giebelständigen zum traufständigen Haustyp von Bedeutung waren. Vielmehr erweisen sich die Auswirkungen der Agrarreformen auf die bäuerlichen Betriebe als der ausschlaggebende Faktor für den Typenwandel. Die bisher angewandten Begriffe zur Bezeichnung der Haustypen stellen sich im Ergebnis der Untersuchung nicht nur als irreführend sondern falsch heraus. Die Arbeit eröffnet deshalb eine Debatte zur Neudefinition der Typenbegriffe innerhalb der regionalen Hausforschung.
N2  - The paper investigates the influence of the houses of colonists which were built during the Friderician colonization in Oderbruch in the middle of 18th century and the Prussian administrative body on the transformation process of the farmer houses between the years 1753 and 1850.
KW  - Bauernhaus
KW  - Oderbruch
KW  - Hausforschung
KW  - Bauforschung
KW  - Brandenburg
KW  - Preußische Reformen
KW  - Hausformenwandel
KW  - friderizianische Kolonisation
KW  - Kolonistenhäuser
KW  - Preußen/Oberbaudepartement
KW  - Preußen/Baupolizei
KW  - rural houses
KW  - farmer houses
KW  - rural arquitecture
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050509-6663
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Lähr, André
A1  - Bletzinger, Kai-Uwe
T1  - Design of an Analysis Environment for Planning Decision Support
N2  - In this contribution, the design of an analysis environment is presented, that supports an analyst to come to a decision within a gradual collaborative planning process. An analyst represents a project manager, planner or any other person, involved in the planning process. Today, planning processes are managed by several geographically distributed planners and project managers. Thus, complexity of such a process rises even more. Prediction of consequences of many planning decisions is not possible, in particular since assessment of a planning advance is not trivial. There have to be considered several viewpoints, that depend on individual perceptions. In the following, methods are presented to realize planning decision support.
KW  - Ingenieurbau
KW  - Verteiltes System
KW  - Planungsprozess
KW  - Modellierung
KW  - Schlussfolgern
Y1  - 2004
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1370
ER  -