TY - THES A1 - Bielik, Martin T1 - FORM-ACTIVITY-MOVEMENT INTERACTION MODEL N2 - This dissertation investigates the interactions between urban form, allocation of activities, and pedestrian movement in the context of urban planning. The ability to assess the long-term impact of urban planning decisions on what people do and how they get there is of central importance, with various disciplines addressing this topic. This study focuses on approaches proposed by urban morphologists, urban economists, and transportation planners, each aiming the attention at a different part of the form-activity-movement interaction. Even though there is no doubt about the advantages of these highly focused approaches, it remains unclear what is the cost of ignoring the effect of some interactions while considering others. The general aim of this dissertation is to empirically test the validity of the individual models and quantify the impact of this isolationist approach on their precision and bias. For this purpose, we propose a joined form-activity-movement interaction model and conduct an empirical study in Weimar, Germany. We estimate how the urban form and activities affect movement as well as how movement and urban form affect activities. By estimating these effects in isolation and simultaneously, we assess the bias of the individual models. On the one hand, the empirical study results confirm the significance of all interactions suggested by the individual models. On the other hand, we were able to show that when these interactions are estimated in isolation, the resulting predictions are biased. To conclude, we do not question the knowledge brought by transportation planners, urban morphologists, and urban economists. However, we argue that it might be of little use on its own. We see the relevance of this study as being twofold. On the one hand, we proposed a novel methodological framework for the simultaneous estimation of the form-activity-movement interactions. On the other hand, we provide empirical evidence about the strengths and limitations of current approaches. KW - Stadtplanung Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210407-43970 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bielik, Martin A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Kuliga, Saskia A1 - Griego, Danielle A1 - Ojha, Varun A1 - König, Reinhard A1 - Schmitt, Gerhard A1 - Donath, Dirk ED - Resch, Bernd ED - Szell, Michael T1 - Examining Trade-Offs between Social, Psychological, and Energy Potential of Urban Form JF - ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information N2 - Urban planners are often challenged with the task of developing design solutions which must meet multiple, and often contradictory, criteria. In this paper, we investigated the trade-offs between social, psychological, and energy potential of the fundamental elements of urban form: the street network and the building massing. Since formal mehods to evaluate urban form from the psychological and social point of view are not readily available, we developed a methodological framework to quantify these criteria as the first contribution in this paper. To evaluate the psychological potential, we conducted a three-tiered empirical study starting from real world environments and then abstracting them to virtual environments. In each context, the implicit (physiological) response and explicit (subjective) response of pedestrians were measured. To quantify the social potential, we developed a street network centrality-based measure of social accessibility. For the energy potential, we created an energy model to analyze the impact of pure geometric form on the energy demand of the building stock. The second contribution of this work is a method to identify distinct clusters of urban form and, for each, explore the trade-offs between the select design criteria. We applied this method to two case studies identifying nine types of urban form and their respective potential trade-offs, which are directly applicable for the assessment of strategic decisions regarding urban form during the early planning stages. KW - Planung KW - social accessibility KW - urban perception KW - energy demand KW - urban form KW - trade-offs KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2019 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190408-38695 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/8/2/52 VL - 2019 EP - Volume 8, Issue 2, 52 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hijazi, Ihab Hamzi A1 - König, Reinhard A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Li, Xin A1 - Bielik, Martin A1 - Schmitt, Gerhard A1 - Donath, Dirk T1 - Geostatistical Analysis for the Study of Relationships between the Emotional Responses of Urban Walkers to Urban Spaces JF - International Journal of E-Planning Research N2 - The described study aims to find correlations between urban spatial configurations and human emotions. To this end, the authors measured people’s emotions while they walk along a path in an urban area using an instrument that measures skin conductance and skin temperature. The corresponding locations of the test persons were measured recorded by using a GPS-tracker (n=13). The results are interpreted and categorized as measures for positive and negative emotional arousal. To evaluate the technical and methodological process. The test results offer initial evidence that certain spaces or spatial sequences do cause positive or negative emotional arousal while others are relatively neutral. To achieve the goal of the study, the outcome was used as a basis for the study of testing correlations between people’s emotional responses and urban spatial configurations represented by Isovist properties of the urban form. By using their model the authors can explain negative emotional arousal for certain places, but they couldn’t find a model to predict emotional responses for individual spatial configurations. KW - Emotion KW - Isovist KW - Geo-Statistical Analysis KW - GIS KW - Geografie KW - Architektur Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20160622-26025 N1 - Erschienen in: International Journal of E-Planning Research ; Volume 5, Issue 1 (2016) SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - König, Reinhard A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Hijazi, Ihab Hamzi A1 - Li, Xin A1 - Bielik, Martin A1 - Schmitt, Gerhard A1 - Donath, Dirk T1 - Using geo statistical analysis to detect similarities in emotional responses of urban walkers to urban space T2 - Sixth International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC14) N2 - Using geo statistical analysis to detect similarities in emotional responses of urban walkers to urban space KW - Städtebau Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20160121-25146 ER -