TY - JOUR A1 - Artus, Mathias A1 - Alabassy, Mohamed Said Helmy A1 - Koch, Christian T1 - A BIM Based Framework for Damage Segmentation, Modeling, and Visualization Using IFC JF - Applied Sciences N2 - Paper-based data acquisition and manual transfer between incompatible software or data formats during inspections of bridges, as done currently, are time-consuming, error-prone, cumbersome, and lead to information loss. A fully digitized workflow using open data formats would reduce data loss, efforts, and the costs of future inspections. On the one hand, existing studies proposed methods to automatize data acquisition and visualization for inspections. These studies lack an open standard to make the gathered data available for other processes. On the other hand, several studies discuss data structures for exchanging damage information among different stakeholders. However, those studies do not cover the process of automatic data acquisition and transfer. This study focuses on a framework that incorporates automatic damage data acquisition, transfer, and a damage information model for data exchange. This enables inspectors to use damage data for subsequent analyses and simulations. The proposed framework shows the potentials for a comprehensive damage information model and related (semi-)automatic data acquisition and processing. KW - Building Information Modeling KW - Brücke KW - Inspektion KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Building Information Modeling KW - Bridge KW - Inspection KW - Damage Segmentation KW - Machine Learning KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220314-46059 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/6/2772 VL - 2022 IS - volume 12, issue 6, article 2772 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harirchian, Ehsan A1 - Isik, Ercan T1 - A Comparative Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Eastern Turkey (Bitlis) Based on Updated Hazard Map and Its Effect on Regular RC Structures JF - Buildings N2 - Determining the earthquake hazard of any settlement is one of the primary studies for reducing earthquake damage. Therefore, earthquake hazard maps used for this purpose must be renewed over time. Turkey Earthquake Hazard Map has been used instead of Turkey Earthquake Zones Map since 2019. A probabilistic seismic hazard was performed by using these last two maps and different attenuation relationships for Bitlis Province (Eastern Turkey) were located in the Lake Van Basin, which has a high seismic risk. The earthquake parameters were determined by considering all districts and neighborhoods in the province. Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses were carried out for these settlements using seismic sources and four different attenuation relationships. The obtained values are compared with the design spectrum stated in the last two earthquake maps. Significant differences exist between the design spectrum obtained according to the different exceedance probabilities. In this study, adaptive pushover analyses of sample-reinforced concrete buildings were performed using the design ground motion level. Structural analyses were carried out using three different design spectra, as given in the last two seismic design codes and the mean spectrum obtained from attenuation relationships. Different design spectra significantly change the target displacements predicted for the performance levels of the buildings. KW - Erbeben KW - Schwellenwert KW - Seismic risk KW - Adaptive Pushover KW - Design Spectra KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221028-47283 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/12/10/1573 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 12, issue 10, article 1573 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alalade, Muyiwa A1 - Reichert, Ina A1 - Köhn, Daniel A1 - Wuttke, Frank A1 - Lahmer, Tom ED - Qu, Chunxu ED - Gao, Chunxu ED - Zhang, Rui ED - Jia, Ziguang ED - Li, Jiaxiang T1 - A Cyclic Multi-Stage Implementation of the Full-Waveform Inversion for the Identification of Anomalies in Dams JF - Infrastructures N2 - For the safe and efficient operation of dams, frequent monitoring and maintenance are required. These are usually expensive, time consuming, and cumbersome. To alleviate these issues, we propose applying a wave-based scheme for the location and quantification of damages in dams. To obtain high-resolution “interpretable” images of the damaged regions, we drew inspiration from non-linear full-multigrid methods for inverse problems and applied a new cyclic multi-stage full-waveform inversion (FWI) scheme. Our approach is less susceptible to the stability issues faced by the standard FWI scheme when dealing with ill-posed problems. In this paper, we first selected an optimal acquisition setup and then applied synthetic data to demonstrate the capability of our approach in identifying a series of anomalies in dams by a mixture of reflection and transmission tomography. The results had sufficient robustness, showing the prospects of application in the field of non-destructive testing of dams. KW - Damm KW - Defekt KW - inverse analysis KW - damage identification KW - full-waveform inversion KW - dams KW - wave propagation KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221201-48396 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2412-3811/7/12/161 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 7, issue 12, article 161 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lutolli, Blerim T1 - A Review of Domed Cities and Architecture: Past, Present and Future JF - Future cities and environment N2 - The goal of architecture is changing in response to the expanding role of cities, rapid urbanization, and transformation under changing economic, environmental, social, and demographic factors. As cities increased in the early modern era, overcrowding, urbanization, and pollution conditions led reformers to consider the future shape of the cities. One of the most critical topics in contemporary architecture is the subject of the future concepts of living. In most cases, domed cities, as a future concept of living, are rarely considered, and they are used chiefly as “utopian” visions in the discourse of future ways of living. This paper highlights the reviews of domed cities to deepen the understanding of the idea in practice, like its approach in terms of architecture. The main aim of this paper is to provide a broad overview for domed cities in the face of pollution as one of the main concerns in many European cities. As a result, the significance of the reviews of the existing projects is focused on their conceptual quality. This review will pave the way for further studies in terms of future developments in the realm of domed cities. In this paper, the city of Celje, one of the most polluted cities in Slovenia, is taken as a case study for considering the concept of Dome incorporated due to the lack of accessible literature on the topic. This review’s primary contribution is to allow architects to explore a broad spectrum of innovation by comparing today’s achievable statuses against the possibilities generated by domed cities. As a result of this study, the concept of living under the Dome remains to be developed in theory and practice. The current challenging climatic situation will accelerate the evolution of these concepts, resulting in the formation of new typologies, which are a requirement for humanity. KW - Architektur KW - Wohnform KW - Umweltverschutzung KW - Domed Cities KW - Architecture KW - Concept of Living KW - Architecture Pollution KW - Kuppelstadt KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221103-47335 UR - https://futurecitiesandenvironment.com/articles/10.5334/fce.154/ VL - 2022 IS - Volume 8, issue 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Ubiquity Press Limited CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teitelbaum, Eric A1 - Alsaad, Hayder A1 - Aviv, Dorit A1 - Kim, Alexander A1 - Völker, Conrad A1 - Meggers, Forrest A1 - Pantelic, Jovan T1 - Addressing a systematic error correcting for free and mixed convection when measuring mean radiant temperature with globe thermometers JF - Scientific reports N2 - It is widely accepted that most people spend the majority of their lives indoors. Most individuals do not realize that while indoors, roughly half of heat exchange affecting their thermal comfort is in the form of thermal infrared radiation. We show that while researchers have been aware of its thermal comfort significance over the past century, systemic error has crept into the most common evaluation techniques, preventing adequate characterization of the radiant environment. Measuring and characterizing radiant heat transfer is a critical component of both building energy efficiency and occupant thermal comfort and productivity. Globe thermometers are typically used to measure mean radiant temperature (MRT), a commonly used metric for accounting for the radiant effects of an environment at a point in space. In this paper we extend previous field work to a controlled laboratory setting to (1) rigorously demonstrate that existing correction factors used in the American Society of Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 55 or ISO7726 for using globe thermometers to quantify MRT are not sufficient; (2) develop a correction to improve the use of globe thermometers to address problems in the current standards; and (3) show that mean radiant temperature measured with ping-pong ball-sized globe thermometers is not reliable due to a stochastic convective bias. We also provide an analysis of the maximum precision of globe sensors themselves, a piece missing from the domain in contemporary literature. KW - Strahlungstemperatur KW - Mean radiant temperature KW - Globe thermometers KW - Indoor environment KW - Thermal comfort KW - Measurements KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220509-46363 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-10172-5#citeas VL - 2022 IS - Volume 12, article 6473 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Hongwei A1 - Zhuang, Xiaoying A1 - Chen, Pengwan A1 - Alajlan, Naif A1 - Rabczuk, Timon T1 - Analysis of three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media with physics-informed deep collocation method using material transfer learning and sensitivity analysis JF - Engineering with Computers N2 - In this work, we present a deep collocation method (DCM) for three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media. This approach utilizes a physics-informed neural network with material transfer learning reducing the solution of the non-homogeneous partial differential equations to an optimization problem. We tested different configurations of the physics-informed neural network including smooth activation functions, sampling methods for collocation points generation and combined optimizers. A material transfer learning technique is utilized for non-homogeneous media with different material gradations and parameters, which enhance the generality and robustness of the proposed method. In order to identify the most influential parameters of the network configuration, we carried out a global sensitivity analysis. Finally, we provide a convergence proof of our DCM. The approach is validated through several benchmark problems, also testing different material variations. KW - Deep learning KW - Kollokationsmethode KW - Collocation method KW - Potential problem KW - Activation function KW - Transfer learning Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46764 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00366-022-01633-6 VL - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahlbrock, David A1 - Braun, Michael A1 - Heidel, Robin A1 - Lemmen, Patrik A1 - Boumann, Roland A1 - Bruckmann, Tobias A1 - Schramm, Dieter A1 - Helm, Volker A1 - Willmann, Jan T1 - Cable Robotic 3D-printing: additive manufacturing on the construction site JF - Construction Robotics N2 - This paper outlines an important step in characterizing a novel field of robotic construction research where a cable-driven parallel robot is used to extrude cementitious material in three-dimensional space, and thus offering a comprehensive new approach to computational design and construction, and to robotic fabrication at larger scales. Developed by the Faculty of Art and Design at Bauhaus-University Weimar (Germany), the faculty of Architecture at the University of Applied Sciences Dortmund (Germany) and the Chair of Mechatronics at the University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany), this approach offers unique advantages over existing additive manufacturing methods: the system is easily transportable and scalable, it does not require additional formwork or scaffolding, and it offers digital integration and informational oversight across the entire design and building process. This paper considers 1) key research components of cable robotic 3D-printing (such as computational design, material exploration, and robotic control), and 2) the integration of these parameters into a unified design and building process. The demonstration of the approach at full-scale is of particular concern. KW - Robotik KW - Automation KW - 3D-Printing KW - Cable-driven parallel robots Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48791 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41693-022-00082-3 VL - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Coenen, Ekkehard T1 - Communicative Action, Objectifications, and the Triad of Violence JF - Human Studies N2 - This article aims to develop a social theory of violence that emphasizes the role of the third party as well as the communication between the involved subjects. For this Teresa Koloma Beck’s essay ‘The Eye of the Beholder: Violence as a Social Process’ is taken as a starting point, which adopts a social-constructivist perspective. On the one hand, the basic concepts and the benefits of this approach are presented. On the other hand, social-theoretical problems of this approach are revealed. These deficits are counteracted by expanding Koloma Beck’s approach with a communicative-constructivist framework. Thus, the role of communicative action and the ‘objectification of violence’ is emphasized. These aspects impact the perception, judgement and (de-)legitimation of violence phenomena and the emergence of a ‘knowledge of violence’. Communicative actions and objectifications form a key to understanding violent interactions and the link between the micro and macro levels. Finally, the methodological consequences for the research of violence and Communicative Constructivism are discussed. Furthermore, possible research fields are outlined, which open up by looking at communicative action and the objectifications within the ‘triads of violence’. KW - Gewalt KW - Soziologie KW - violence KW - social theory KW - communicative action KW - triad of violence Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48828 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10746-022-09639-1 VL - 2022 IS - 45 (2022) SP - 447 EP - 468 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hanna, John T1 - Computational Modelling for the Effects of Capsular Clustering on Fracture of Encapsulation-Based Self-Healing Concrete Using XFEM and Cohesive Surface Technique JF - Applied Sciences N2 - The fracture of microcapsules is an important issue to release the healing agent for healing the cracks in encapsulation-based self-healing concrete. The capsular clustering generated from the concrete mixing process is considered one of the critical factors in the fracture mechanism. Since there is a lack of studies in the literature regarding this issue, the design of self-healing concrete cannot be made without an appropriate modelling strategy. In this paper, the effects of microcapsule size and clustering on the fractured microcapsules are studied computationally. A simple 2D computational modelling approach is developed based on the eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) and cohesive surface technique. The proposed model shows that the microcapsule size and clustering have significant roles in governing the load-carrying capacity and the crack propagation pattern and determines whether the microcapsule will be fractured or debonded from the concrete matrix. The higher the microcapsule circumferential contact length, the higher the load-carrying capacity. When it is lower than 25% of the microcapsule circumference, it will result in a greater possibility for the debonding of the microcapsule from the concrete. The greater the core/shell ratio (smaller shell thickness), the greater the likelihood of microcapsules being fractured. KW - Beton KW - Mikrokapsel KW - Rissausbreitung KW - Tragfähigkeit KW - self-healing concrete KW - microcapsule KW - capsular clustering KW - circumferential contact length KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220721-46717 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/5112 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 12, issue 10, article 5112 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Yasiri, Zainab Riyadh Shaker A1 - Mutashar, Hayder Majid A1 - Gürlebeck, Klaus A1 - Lahmer, Tom ED - Shafiullah, GM T1 - Damage Sensitive Signals for the Assessment of the Conditions of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades Using Electromagnetic Waves JF - Infrastructures N2 - One of the most important renewable energy technologies used nowadays are wind power turbines. In this paper, we are interested in identifying the operating status of wind turbines, especially rotor blades, by means of multiphysical models. It is a state-of-the-art technology to test mechanical structures with ultrasonic-based methods. However, due to the density and the required high resolution, the testing is performed with high-frequency waves, which cannot penetrate the structure in depth. Therefore, there is a need to adopt techniques in the fields of multiphysical model-based inversion schemes or data-driven structural health monitoring. Before investing effort in the development of such approaches, further insights and approaches are necessary to make the techniques applicable to structures such as wind power plants (blades). Among the expected developments, further accelerations of the so-called “forward codes” for a more efficient implementation of the wave equation could be envisaged. Here, we employ electromagnetic waves for the early detection of cracks. Because in many practical situations, it is not possible to apply techniques from tomography (characterized by multiple sources and sensor pairs), we focus here on the question of whether the existence of cracks can be determined by using only one source for the sent waves. KW - Windkraftwerk KW - Rotorblatt KW - Elektrostatische Welle KW - MATLAB KW - wind turbine rotor blades KW - electromagnetic waves KW - crack detection KW - Empire XPU 8.01 KW - Matlab KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220831-47093 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2412-3811/7/8/104 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 7, Issue 8 (August 2022), article 104 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chowdhury, Sharmistha A1 - Kraus, Matthias T1 - Design-related reassessment of structures integrating Bayesian updating of model safety factors JF - Results in Engineering N2 - In the semi-probabilistic approach of structural design, the partial safety factors are defined by considering some degree of uncertainties to actions and resistance, associated with the parameters’ stochastic nature. However, uncertainties for individual structures can be better examined by incorporating measurement data provided by sensors from an installed health monitoring scheme. In this context, the current study proposes an approach to revise the partial safety factor for existing structures on the action side, γE by integrating Bayesian model updating. A simple numerical example of a beam-like structure with artificially generated measurement data is used such that the influence of different sensor setups and data uncertainties on revising the safety factors can be investigated. It is revealed that the health monitoring system can reassess the current capacity reserve of the structure by updating the design safety factors, resulting in a better life cycle assessment of structures. The outcome is furthermore verified by analysing a real life small railway steel bridge ensuring the applicability of the proposed method to practical applications. KW - Lebenszyklus KW - Sicherheitsfaktor KW - Structural health monitoring KW - Safety factor KW - Life cycle assessment KW - Uncertainty KW - Bayesian parameter update KW - Ungewissheit KW - Umweltbilanz KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221028-47294 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123022002304?via%3Dihub VL - 2022 IS - Volume 16, article 100560 SP - 1 EP - 1 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chakraborty, Ayan A1 - Anitescu, Cosmin A1 - Zhuang, Xiaoying A1 - Rabczuk, Timon T1 - Domain adaptation based transfer learning approach for solving PDEs on complex geometries JF - Engineering with Computers N2 - In machine learning, if the training data is independently and identically distributed as the test data then a trained model can make an accurate predictions for new samples of data. Conventional machine learning has a strong dependence on massive amounts of training data which are domain specific to understand their latent patterns. In contrast, Domain adaptation and Transfer learning methods are sub-fields within machine learning that are concerned with solving the inescapable problem of insufficient training data by relaxing the domain dependence hypothesis. In this contribution, this issue has been addressed and by making a novel combination of both the methods we develop a computationally efficient and practical algorithm to solve boundary value problems based on nonlinear partial differential equations. We adopt a meshfree analysis framework to integrate the prevailing geometric modelling techniques based on NURBS and present an enhanced deep collocation approach that also plays an important role in the accuracy of solutions. We start with a brief introduction on how these methods expand upon this framework. We observe an excellent agreement between these methods and have shown that how fine-tuning a pre-trained network to a specialized domain may lead to an outstanding performance compare to the existing ones. As proof of concept, we illustrate the performance of our proposed model on several benchmark problems. KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - NURBS KW - Transfer learning KW - Domain Adaptation KW - NURBS geometry KW - Navier–Stokes equations Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46776 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00366-022-01661-2 VL - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alsaad, Hayder A1 - Hartmann, Maria A1 - Hilbel, Rebecca A1 - Völker, Conrad T1 - ENVI-met validation data accompanied with simulation data of the impact of facade greening on the urban microclimate JF - Data in Brief N2 - This dataset consists mainly of two subsets. The first subset includes measurements and simulation data conducted to validate the simulation tool ENVI-met. The measurements were conducted at the campus of the Bauhaus-University Weimar in Weimar, Germany and consisted of recording exterior air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity at 1.5 m at four points on four different days. After the measurements, the geometry of the campus was modelled and meshed; the simulations were conducted using the weather data of the measurements days with the aim of investigating the accuracy of the model. The second data subset consists of ENVI-met simulation data of the potential of facade greening in improving the outdoor environment and the indoor air temperature during heatwaves in Central European cities. The data consist of the boundary conditions and the simulation output of two simulation models: with and without facade greening. The geometry of the models corresponded to a residential buildings district in Stuttgart, Germany. The simulation output consisted of exterior air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity at 12 different probe points in the model in addition to the indoor air temperature of an exemplary building. The dataset presents both vertical profiles of the probed parameters as well as the time series output of the five-day simulation duration. Both data subsets correspond to the investigations presented in the co-submitted article [1]. KW - Messung KW - Measurements KW - Simulations KW - ENVI-met KW - Living wall KW - Green facade KW - Simulation KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220511-46455 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340922004048#! VL - 2022 IS - Volume 42, article 108200 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kumari, Vandana A1 - Harirchian, Ehsan A1 - Lahmer, Tom A1 - Rasulzade, Shahla T1 - Evaluation of Machine Learning and Web-Based Process for Damage Score Estimation of Existing Buildings JF - Buildings N2 - The seismic vulnerability assessment of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is a significant source of disaster mitigation plans and rescue services. Different countries evolved various Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) techniques and methodologies to deal with the devastating consequences of earthquakes on the structural characteristics of buildings and human casualties. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods, such as machine learning (ML) algorithm-based methods, are increasingly used in various scientific and technical applications. The investigation toward using these techniques in civil engineering applications has shown encouraging results and reduced human intervention, including uncertainties and biased judgment. In this study, several known non-parametric algorithms are investigated toward RVS using a dataset employing different earthquakes. Moreover, the methodology encourages the possibility of examining the buildings’ vulnerability based on the factors related to the buildings’ importance and exposure. In addition, a web-based application built on Django is introduced. The interface is designed with the idea to ease the seismic vulnerability investigation in real-time. The concept was validated using two case studies, and the achieved results showed the proposed approach’s potential efficiency KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - rapid assessment KW - Machine learning KW - Vulnerability assessment KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220509-46387 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/12/5/578 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 12, issue 5, article 578 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welch Guerra, Max T1 - Fach, Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft. Beitrag zur Debatte „Was ist Stadt? Was ist Kritik?“ JF - sub\urban. zeitschrift für kritische stadtforschung N2 - Der Aufruf, die Begriffe Stadt und Kritik in das Zentrum einer Debatte zu stellen, bietet die große Chance, uns weit über begriffliche Klärungen unseres gemeinsamen Arbeitsgegenstands hinaus – die ja auch für sich selbst sehr fruchtbar sein können – über die Funktion zu verständigen, die wir in der Gesellschaft ausüben, wenn wir räumliche Planung praktizieren, erforschen und lehren. Da in der Bundesrepublik nicht nur ein großer Bedarf, sondern auch eine beträchtliche Nachfrage nach öffentlicher Planung besteht und die planungsbezogenen Wissenschaften sich eines insgesamt stabilen institutionellen Standes erfreuen, laufen wir Gefahr, die gesellschaftspolitische Legitimation von Berufsfeld und Wissenschaft zu vernachlässigen, sie als gegeben zu behandeln. Wir müssen uns ja kaum rechtfertigen. KW - Stadt KW - Kritik KW - Wissenschaftskritik KW - Kritikbegriff KW - Herrschaftskritik KW - Alltagskritik KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220810-46855 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/779 VL - 2022 IS - Band 10, Nr. 1 SP - 188 EP - 190 PB - Sub\urban e.V. CY - Leipzig ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Söbke, Heinrich A1 - Lück, Andrea T1 - Framing Algorithm-Driven Development of Sets of Objectives Using Elementary Interactions JF - Applied System Innovation N2 - Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is an established methodology to support the decision-making of multi-objective problems. For conducting an MCDA, in most cases, a set of objectives (SOO) is required, which consists of a hierarchical structure comprised of objectives, criteria, and indicators. The development of an SOO is usually based on moderated development processes requiring high organizational and cognitive effort from all stakeholders involved. This article proposes elementary interactions as a key paradigm of an algorithm-driven development process for an SOO that requires little moderation efforts. Elementary interactions are self-contained information requests that may be answered with little cognitive effort. The pairwise comparison of elements in the well-known analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is an example of an elementary interaction. Each elementary interaction in the development process presented contributes to the stepwise development of an SOO. Based on the hypothesis that an SOO may be developed exclusively using elementary interactions (EIs), a concept for a multi-user platform is proposed. Essential components of the platform are a Model Aggregator, an Elementary Interaction Stream Generator, a Participant Manager, and a Discussion Forum. While the latter component serves the professional exchange of the participants, the first three components are intended to be automatable by algorithms. The platform concept proposed has been evaluated partly in an explorative validation study demonstrating the general functionality of the algorithms outlined. In summary, the platform concept suggested demonstrates the potential to ease SOO development processes as the platform concept does not restrict the application domain; it is intended to work with little administration moderation efforts, and it supports the further development of an existing SOO in the event of changes in external conditions. The algorithm-driven development of SOOs proposed in this article may ease the development of MCDA applications and, thus, may have a positive effect on the spread of MCDA applications. KW - Multikriteria-Entscheidung KW - Multikriterielle Entscheidungsanalyse KW - multi-criteria decision analysis; KW - set of objectives KW - crowdsourcing KW - platform KW - elementary interaction KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220713-46624 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2571-5577/5/3/49 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 5, issue 3, article 49 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Söbke, Heinrich A1 - Lück, Andrea T1 - Framing Algorithm-Driven Development of Sets of Objectives Using Elementary Interactions JF - Applied System Innovation N2 - Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is an established methodology to support the decision-making of multi-objective problems. For conducting an MCDA, in most cases, a set of objectives (SOO) is required, which consists of a hierarchical structure comprised of objectives, criteria, and indicators. The development of an SOO is usually based on moderated development processes requiring high organizational and cognitive effort from all stakeholders involved. This article proposes elementary interactions as a key paradigm of an algorithm-driven development process for an SOO that requires little moderation efforts. Elementary interactions are self-contained information requests that may be answered with little cognitive effort. The pairwise comparison of elements in the well-known analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is an example of an elementary interaction. Each elementary interaction in the development process presented contributes to the stepwise development of an SOO. Based on the hypothesis that an SOO may be developed exclusively using elementary interactions (EIs), a concept for a multi-user platform is proposed. Essential components of the platform are a Model Aggregator, an Elementary Interaction Stream Generator, a Participant Manager, and a Discussion Forum. While the latter component serves the professional exchange of the participants, the first three components are intended to be automatable by algorithms. The platform concept proposed has been evaluated partly in an explorative validation study demonstrating the general functionality of the algorithms outlined. In summary, the platform concept suggested demonstrates the potential to ease SOO development processes as the platform concept does not restrict the application domain; it is intended to work with little administration moderation efforts, and it supports the further development of an existing SOO in the event of changes in external conditions. The algorithm-driven development of SOOs proposed in this article may ease the development of MCDA applications and, thus, may have a positive effect on the spread of MCDA applications. KW - Operations Research KW - multi-criteria decision analysis KW - elementary interaction KW - set of objectives KW - crowdsourcing KW - platform Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220524-46469 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2571-5577/5/3/49 VL - 2022 IS - Volume 5, issue 49, article 49 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stadler, Max T1 - Gründerzeit. Hightech und Alternativen der Wissenschaft in West-Berlin JF - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin N2 - Zu den diversen Unternehmungen sozialbewegter „Gegenwissenschaft“, die um 1980 auf der Bildfläche der BRD erschienen, zählte der 1982 gegründete Berliner Wissenschaftsladen e. V., kurz WILAB – eine Art „alternatives“ Spin-off der Technischen Universität Berlin. Der vorliegende Beitrag situiert die Ausgründung des „Ladens“ im Kontext zeitgenössischer Fortschritte der (regionalen) Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik. Gezeigt wird, wie der deindustrialisierenden Inselstadt, qua „innovationspolitischer“ Gegensteuerung, dabei sogar eine gewisse Vorreiterrolle zukam: über die Stadtgrenzen hinaus sichtbare Neuerungen wie die Gründermesse BIG TECH oder das 1983 eröffnete Berliner Innovations- und Gründerzentrum (BIG), der erste „Incubator“ [sic] der BRD, etwa gingen auf das Konto der 1977/78 lancierten Technologie-Transferstelle der TU Berlin, TU-transfer. Anders gesagt: tendenziell bekam man es hier nun mit Verhältnissen zu tun, die immer weniger mit den Träumen einer „kritischen“, nicht-fremdbestimmten (Gegen‑)Wissenschaft kompatibel waren. Latent konträr zur historiographischen Prominenz des wissenschaftskritischen Zeitgeists fristeten „alternativen“ Zielsetzungen verpflichtete Unternehmungen wie „WILAB“ ein relativ marginalisiertes Nischendasein. Dennoch wirft das am WILAB verfolgte, so gesehen wenig aussichtsreiche Anliegen, eine andere, nämlich „humanere“ Informationstechnologie in die Wege zu leiten, ein instruktives Licht auf die Aufbrüche „unternehmerischer“ Wissenschaft in der BRD um 1980. KW - Berlin KW - Wissenschaftspolitik KW - Gegenwissenschaft KW - Gegenwissen KW - Informatik KW - Strukturkrise Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48800 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00048-022-00352-9 VL - 2022 IS - 30 (2022) SP - 599 EP - 632 PB - Basel CY - Birkhäuser ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alsaad, Hayder A1 - Hartmann, Maria A1 - Völker, Conrad T1 - Hygrothermal simulation data of a living wall system for decentralized greywater treatment JF - Data in Brief N2 - This dataset presents the numerical analysis of the heat and moisture transport through a facade equipped with a living wall system designated for greywater treatment. While such greening systems provide many environmental benefits, they involve pumping large quantities of water onto the wall assembly, which can increase the risk of moisture in the wall as well as impaired energetic performance due to increased thermal conductivity with increased moisture content in the building materials. This dataset was acquired through numerical simulation using the coupling of two simulation tools, namely Envi-Met and Delphin. This coupling was used to include the complex role the plants play in shaping the near-wall environmental parameters in the hygrothermal simulations. Four different wall assemblies were investigated, each assembly was assessed twice: with and without the living wall. The presented data include the input and output parameters of the simulations, which were presented in the co-submitted article [1]. KW - Kupplung KW - Feuchteleitung KW - Heat transport KW - Moisture transport KW - Living wall KW - Wärmeübertragung KW - coupling KW - ENVI-Met KW - Delphin KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220106-45483 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340921010167?via%3Dihub VL - 2022 IS - volume 40, article 107741 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yongzheng A1 - Ren, Huilong T1 - Implicit implementation of the nonlocal operator method: an open source code JF - Engineering with computers N2 - In this paper, we present an open-source code for the first-order and higher-order nonlocal operator method (NOM) including a detailed description of the implementation. The NOM is based on so-called support, dual-support, nonlocal operators, and an operate energy functional ensuring stability. The nonlocal operator is a generalization of the conventional differential operators. Combined with the method of weighed residuals and variational principles, NOM establishes the residual and tangent stiffness matrix of operate energy functional through some simple matrix without the need of shape functions as in other classical computational methods such as FEM. NOM only requires the definition of the energy drastically simplifying its implementation. The implementation in this paper is focused on linear elastic solids for sake of conciseness through the NOM can handle more complex nonlinear problems. The NOM can be very flexible and efficient to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), it’s also quite easy for readers to use the NOM and extend it to solve other complicated physical phenomena described by one or a set of PDEs. Finally, we present some classical benchmark problems including the classical cantilever beam and plate-with-a-hole problem, and we also make an extension of this method to solve complicated problems including phase-field fracture modeling and gradient elasticity material. KW - Strukturmechanik KW - Nonlocal operator method KW - Operator energy functional KW - Implicit KW - Dual-support KW - Variational principle KW - Taylor series expansion KW - Stiffness matrix Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220216-45930 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00366-021-01537-x VL - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 35 PB - Springer CY - London ER -