TY - THES A1 - Radmard Rahmani, Hamid T1 - Artificial Intelligence Approach for Seismic Control of Structures N2 - Abstract In the first part of this research, the utilization of tuned mass dampers in the vibration control of tall buildings during earthquake excitations is studied. The main issues such as optimizing the parameters of the dampers and studying the effects of frequency content of the target earthquakes are addressed. Abstract The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm method is improved by upgrading generic operators, and is utilized to develop a framework for determining the optimum placement and parameters of dampers in tall buildings. A case study is presented in which the optimal placement and properties of dampers are determined for a model of a tall building under different earthquake excitations through computer simulations. Abstract In the second part, a novel framework for the brain learning-based intelligent seismic control of smart structures is developed. In this approach, a deep neural network learns how to improve structural responses during earthquake excitations using feedback control. Abstract Reinforcement learning method is improved and utilized to develop a framework for training the deep neural network as an intelligent controller. The efficiency of the developed framework is examined through two case studies including a single-degree-of-freedom system and a high-rise building under different earthquake excitation records. Abstract The results show that the controller gradually develops an optimum control policy to reduce the vibrations of a structure under an earthquake excitation through a cyclical process of actions and observations. Abstract It is shown that the controller efficiently improves the structural responses under new earthquake excitations for which it was not trained. Moreover, it is shown that the controller has a stable performance under uncertainties. KW - Erdbeben KW - seismic control KW - tuned mass damper KW - reinforcement learning KW - earthquake KW - machine learning KW - Operante Konditionierung KW - structural control Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20200417-41359 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Işık, Ercan A1 - Büyüksaraç, Aydın A1 - Levent Ekinci, Yunus A1 - Aydın, Mehmet Cihan A1 - Harirchian, Ehsan T1 - The Effect of Site-Specific Design Spectrum on Earthquake-Building Parameters: A Case Study from the Marmara Region (NW Turkey) JF - Applied Sciences N2 - The Marmara Region (NW Turkey) has experienced significant earthquakes (M > 7.0) to date. A destructive earthquake is also expected in the region. To determine the effect of the specific design spectrum, eleven provinces located in the region were chosen according to the Turkey Earthquake Building Code updated in 2019. Additionally, the differences between the previous and updated regulations of the country were investigated. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) were obtained for each province by using earthquake ground motion levels with 2%, 10%, 50%, and 68% probability of exceedance in 50-year periods. The PGA values in the region range from 0.16 to 0.7 g for earthquakes with a return period of 475 years. For each province, a sample of a reinforced-concrete building having two different numbers of stories with the same ground and structural characteristics was chosen. Static adaptive pushover analyses were performed for the sample reinforced-concrete building using each province’s design spectrum. The variations in the earthquake and structural parameters were investigated according to different geographical locations. It was determined that the site-specific design spectrum significantly influences target displacements for performance-based assessments of buildings due to seismicity characteristics of the studied geographic location. KW - Erdbeben KW - earthquake KW - site-specific spectrum KW - Marmara Region KW - seismic hazard analysis KW - adaptive pushover KW - OA-Publikationsfonds2020 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20201022-42758 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/20/7247 VL - 2020 IS - Volume 10, issue 20, article 7247 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harirchian, Ehsan A1 - Lahmer, Tom A1 - Buddhiraju, Sreekanth A1 - Mohammad, Kifaytullah A1 - Mosavi, Amir T1 - Earthquake Safety Assessment of Buildings through Rapid Visual Screening JF - Buildings N2 - Earthquake is among the most devastating natural disasters causing severe economical, environmental, and social destruction. Earthquake safety assessment and building hazard monitoring can highly contribute to urban sustainability through identification and insight into optimum materials and structures. While the vulnerability of structures mainly depends on the structural resistance, the safety assessment of buildings can be highly challenging. In this paper, we consider the Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) method, which is a qualitative procedure for estimating structural scores for buildings suitable for medium- to high-seismic cases. This paper presents an overview of the common RVS methods, i.e., FEMA P-154, IITK-GGSDMA, and EMPI. To examine the accuracy and validation, a practical comparison is performed between their assessment and observed damage of reinforced concrete buildings from a street survey in the Bingöl region, Turkey, after the 1 May 2003 earthquake. The results demonstrate that the application of RVS methods for preliminary damage estimation is a vital tool. Furthermore, the comparative analysis showed that FEMA P-154 creates an assessment that overestimates damage states and is not economically viable, while EMPI and IITK-GGSDMA provide more accurate and practical estimation, respectively. KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Machine learning KW - Erdbeben KW - buildings KW - earthquake safety assessment KW - earthquake KW - extreme events KW - seismic assessment KW - natural hazard KW - mitigation KW - rapid visual screening Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20200331-41153 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/10/3/51 VL - 2020 IS - Volume 10, Issue 3 PB - MDPI ER - TY - THES A1 - Habenberger, Jörg T1 - Beitrag zur Berechnung von nachgiebig gelagerten Behältertragwerken unter seismischen Einwirkungen T1 - Contribution to the analysis of flexibly supported liquid storage tanks under earthquake excitation N2 - In der Baupraxis werden zur Erfassung der bei seismischen Einwirkungen auftretenden Interaktionseffekte zwischen Behältertragwerk, Flüssigkeit und Untergrund oftmals sogenannte Ingenieurverfahren eingesetzt. Diese sind durch die ihnen zugrundeliegenden einfachen mechanischen Modelle und die Anwendung der Strukturmethode zur Berücksichtigung der Behälter-Boden-Interaktion gekennzeichnet. Die modale Analyse der Interaktionsschwingung von Flüssigkeit und Behälterschale wird in der Arbeit durch die Integralgleichungsmethode behandelt. Diese wird sowohl auf die ideale Flüssigkeit als auch zur Untersuchung des Einflusses der Flüssigkeitskompressibilität angewendet. Es wird ein Modell zur Berücksichtigung der Flüssigkeitsviskosität entwickelt und daraus Dämpfungsfaktoren für die Schwingung der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche abgeleitet. Für die Behältergründung werden in Abhängigkeit von der Gründungsflexibilität Impedanzfunktionen bestimmt. Aus dem Gesamtsystem von Behälter, Flüssigkeit und Untergrund werden Dämpfungsmaße und Frequenzänderungen ermittelt, die für die Anwendung in einem normentauglichen Berechnungskonzept bestimmt sind. N2 - In order to take into account effects of interaction between storage tank, liquid and soil under the influence of a seismic impact an approach often taken in practical construction analysis is the use of so-called engineering methods. These are based on simple mechanical models and take advantage of the sub-structure method to consider structure-soil-interaction. In the paper, modal analysis of the interaction motion of liquid and tank shell is dealt with by the integration equation method. This is applied for examination of the behaviour of the ideal liquid as well as the influence of the compressibility of the liquid. A model is developed in order to take into account the viscosity of the liquid from which damping factors for the motion of the liquid surface are derived. Impedance functions are defined to consider the foundation of the tank depending on the flexibility of the foundation. Damping values and changes in frequency are calculated from the complete system consisting of storage tank, liquid and soil, which are intended for the application in calculation concepts suitable for official design specifications. KW - Behälter KW - Erdbebenbelastung KW - Flüssigkeit-Bauwerk-Interaktion KW - Impedanzfunktion KW - Flüssigkeitsviskosität KW - liquid storage tank KW - earthquake KW - liquid-structure-interaction KW - soil-structure-interaction KW - impedance function KW - liquid vicosity Y1 - 2001 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040225-466 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bayer, Veit T1 - Zur Zuverlässigkeitsbeurteilung von Baukonstruktionen unter dynamischen Einwirkungen T1 - On the reliability assessment of building structures subjected to dynamic excitation N2 - Die Arbeit befaßt sich mit varianzmindernden Verfahren zur Monte Carlo Simulation von stochastischen Prozessen, zum Zweck der Zuverlässigkeitsbeurteilung von Baukonstruktionen mit nichtlinearem Systemverhalten. Kap. 2 ist eine Literaturstudie zu varianzmindernden Monte Carlo Methoden. In Kap. 3 wird die Spektrale Darstellung eines stationären, skalaren Gauß - Prozesses hergeleitet. Auf dieser Grundlage werden verschiedene Simulationsmodelle diskutiert. Das in Kap. 4 entwickelte varianzmindernde Simulationsverfahren basiert auf der Spektralen Darstellung. Nach einer ersten Pilotsimulation werden die Frequenzen für die Einführung zufälliger Amplituden bestimmt und deren Parameter angepaßt. Der zweite Lauf erfolgt mit diesen Parametern nach dem Prinzip des Importance Sampling. Das Verfahren wird in Kap. 5 für eine Brücke unter Erdbebenbelastung angewendet. Die Brücke ist mit sog. Hysteretic Devices zur Energiedissipation ausgerüstet. Es werden einerseits die Genauigkeit und Effizienz des Simulationsverfahrens, andererseits die Leistungsfähigkeit der Hysteretic Devices zur Erdbebenertüchtigung von Bauwerken demonstriert. N2 - Main topic is the development of variance–reducing Monte Carlo methods, for the purpose of reliability analyses of engineering structures with nonlinear behaviour. Ch. 2 is a literature survey on variance-reducing Monte Carlo methods. The Spectral Representation of a scalar, stationary Gaussian process is derived in ch. 3. On this basis, two popular simulation methods are discussed. The variance-reducing simulation concept developed in ch. 4 is based on the Spectral Representation. After a first pilot simulation, the frequencies are selected for introduction of amplitudes as random variables. In addition, the parameters of the amplitudes are adapted. This is the basis for the second simulation following the Importance Sampling principle. This simulation concept is utilized for reliability analysis of a bridge subjected to earthquake excitation in ch. 5. The bridge is equipped with Hysteretic Devices for dissipation of energy. The example demonstrates, on one hand, the accuracy and efficiency of the developed simulation method. On the other hand, the effectiveness of Hysteretic Devices for earthquake protection of building structures becomes evident. KW - Baukonstruktion KW - Dynamische Belastung KW - Zuverlässigkeit KW - Sicherheitstheorie KW - Erdbeben KW - Probabilistik KW - Brücke KW - Monte-Carlo Simulation KW - reliability assessment KW - earthquake KW - probabilistics KW - bridge KW - Monte Carlo simulation Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040205-215 ER -