Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Verfasser/Autoren Herausgeber Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Erscheinungsjahr Seitenzahl Schriftenreihe Titel Schriftenreihe Bandzahl ISBN Quelle der Hochschulschrift Konferenzname Quelle:Titel Quelle:Jahrgang Quelle:Heftnummer Quelle:Erste Seite Quelle:Letzte Seite URN DOI Abteilungen OPUS4-3804 Dissertation Schütz, Stephan Von der Faser zum Haus : Das Potential von gefalteten Wabenplatten aus Papierwerkstoffen in ihrer architektonischen Anwendung Der vorliegende Text beschreibt die intensive Erforschung von Wabenplatten aus Papierwerkstoffen, die durch Faltprozesse neue räumliche Zustände einnehmen können und somit ihr ursprüngliches Anwendungsspektrum erweitern. Die gezeigten Lösungsansätze bewegen sich dabei im Spannungsfeld von Architektur und Ingenieurbau, denn die gefalteten Bauteile sind nicht nur äußerst tragfähig sondern besitzen auch eine ästhetische Form. Die entwickelten Verfahren und Konstruktionen werden auf einem hohen architektonischen Niveau präsentiert und mit einfachen ingenieurtechnischen Methoden verifiziert. Zur Lösungsfindung werden geometrische Verfahren ebenso angewendet wie konstruktive Faustformeln und Recherchen aus Architektur und Forschung. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt auf der Untersuchung von Faltungen in Wabenplatten. Während der Auseinandersetzung mit der Thematik erschienen jedoch viele weitere Aspekte als sehr interessant und bearbeitungswürdig. Als theoretische Grundlage dieser Arbeit werden deshalb die geschichtliche Entwicklung und die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung von Papier und Papierwerkstoffen analysiert und deren Produktionsprozesse beleuchtet. Diese Vorgehensweise ermöglicht eine Einordnung des Potentials und der Bedeutung des Werkstoffs Papier. Der Kontext der Arbeit wird dadurch gestärkt und führt zu interessanten zukünftigen Forschungsansätzen. Intensive Untersuchungen widmen sich der geometrischen Bestimmung von Faltungen in Wabenplatten aus Papierwerkstoffen sowie deren Manifestation als konstruktive Bauteile. Auch die statischen Eigenschaften der Elemente und ihr Konstruktionspotential werden erforscht und aufbereitet. Wichtige Impulse aus Forschung und Technik fließen in die Recherche der Arbeit ein und erlauben die Verortung der Ergebnisse im architektonischen Kontext. Versuchsreihen und Materialstudien an Prototypen belegen die Ergebnisse virtueller und rechnerischer Studien. Konzepte zur parametrischen Berechnung und Visualisierung der Forschungsergebnisse werden präsentiert und zeigen zukunftsfähige Planungshilfen für die Industrie auf. Etliche Testreihen zu unterschiedlichsten Abdichtungskonzepten führen zur Realisierung eines sehenswerten Experimentalbaus. Er erlaubt die dauerhafte Untersuchung der entwickelten Bauteile unter realistischen Bedingungen und bestätigt deren Leistungsfähigkeit. Dadurch wird nicht nur ein dauerhaftes Monitoring und eine Evaluierung der Leistungsdaten möglich sondern es wird auch der sichtbare Beweis erbracht, dass mit Papierwerkstoffen effiziente und hochwertige Architekturen zu realisieren sind, welche das enorme gestalterische Potential von gefalteten Wabenplatten ausnutzen. 223 urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20181010-38044 10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3804 bauhaus.institut für experimentelle Architektur OPUS4-3800 Dissertation Hollberg, Alexander A parametric method for building design optimization based on Life Cycle Assessment The building sector is responsible for a large share of human environmental impacts. Architects and planners are the key players for reducing the environmental impacts of buildings, as they define them to a large extent. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) allows for the holistic environmental analysis of a building. However, it is currently not employed to improve the environmental performance of buildings during the design process, although the potential for optimization is greatest there. One main reason is the lack of an adequate means of applying LCA in the architectural design process. As such, the main objective of this thesis is to develop a method for environmental building design optimization that is applicable in the design process. The key concept proposed in this thesis is to combine LCA with parametric design, because it proved to have a high potential for design optimization. The research approach includes the analysis of the characteristics of LCA for buildings and the architectural design stages to identify the research gap, the establishment of a requirement catalogue, the development of a method based on a digital, parametric model, and an evaluation of the method. An analysis of currently available approaches for LCA of buildings indicates that they are either holistic but very complex or simple but not holistic. Furthermore, none of them provide the opportunity for optimization in the architectural design process, which is the main research gap. The requirements derived from the analysis have been summarized in the form of a catalogue. This catalogue can be used to evaluate both existing approaches and potential methods developed in the future. In this thesis, it served as guideline for the development of the parametric method - Parametric Life Cycle Assessment (PLCA). The unique main feature of PLCA is that embodied and operational environmental impact are calculated together. In combination with the self-contained workflow of the method, this provides the basis for holistic, time-efficient environmental design optimization. The application of PLCA to three examples indicated that all established mandatory requirements are met. In all cases, environmental impact could be significantly reduced. In comparison to conventional approaches, PLCA was shown to be much more time-efficient. PLCA allows architects to focus on their main task of designing the building, and finally makes LCA practically useful as one of several criteria for design optimization. With PLCA, the building design can be time-efficiently optimized from the beginning of the most influential early design stages, which has not been possible until now. PLCA provides a good starting point for further research. In the future, it could be extended by integrating the social and economic aspects of sustainability. 262 urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20180928-38000 10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3800 bauhaus.institut für experimentelle Architektur OPUS4-4030 Dissertation Chen, Na A Balance between Ideals and Reality — Establishing and Evaluating a Resilient City Indicator System for Central Chinese Cities Recent years have seen a gradual shift in focus of international policies from a national and regional perspective to that of cities, a shift which is closely related to the rapid urbanization of developing countries. As revealed in the 2011 Revision of the World Urbanization Prospects published by the United Nations, 51% of the global population (approximately 3.6 billion people) lives in cities. The report predicts that by 2050, the world's urban population will increase by 2.3 billion, making up 68% of the population. The growth of urbanization in the next few decades is expected to primarily come from developing countries, one third of which will be in China and India. With rapid urbanization and the ongoing growth of mega cities, cities must become increasingly resilient and intelligent to cope with numerous challenges and crises like droughts and floods arising from extreme climate, destruction brought by severe natural disasters, and aggregated social contradictions resulting from economic crises. All cities face the urban development dynamics and uncertainties arising from these problems. Under such circumstances, cities are considered the critical path from crisis to prosperity, so scholars and organizations have proposed the construction of "resilient cities." On the one hand, this theory emphasizes cities' defenses and buffering capacity against disasters, crises and uncertainties, as well as recovery after destruction; on the other hand, it highlights the learning capacity of urban systems, identification of opportunities amid challenges, and maintenance of development vitality. Some scholars even believe that urban resilience is a powerful supplement to sustainable development. Hence, resilience assessment has become the latest and most important perspective for evaluating the development and crisis defense capacity of cities. Rather than a general abstract concept, urban resilience is a comprehensive measurement of a city's level of development. The dynamic development of problems is reflected through quantitative indicators and appraisal systems not only from the perspective of academic research, but also governmental policy, so as to scientifically guide development, and measure and compare cities' development levels. Although international scholars have proposed quantitative methods for urban resilience assessment, they are however insufficiently systematic and regionally adaptive for China's current urban development needs. On the basis of comparative study on European and North American resilient city theories, therefore, this paper puts forwards a theoretical framework for resilient city systems consistent with China's national conditions in light of economic development pressure, natural resource depletion, pollution, and other salient development crises in China. The key factors influencing urban resilience are taken into full consideration; expert appraisal is conducted based on the Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to design an extensible and updatable resilient city evaluation system which is sufficiently systematic, geographically adaptable, and sustainable for China's current urban development needs. Finally, Changsha is taken as the main case for empirical study on comprehensive evaluation of similar cities in Central China to improve the indicator system. 212 Ein Gleichgewicht zwischen Ideal und Realität - Etablierung und Evaluation eines Indikatorensystems für resiliente Städte in Zentralchina urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20191121-40309 10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4030 bauhaus.institut für experimentelle Architektur OPUS4-4634 Dissertation Schnös, Christian Emanuel Handlungsressourcen von zivilgesellschaftlichen Akteuren in Planungsprozessen Diese Dissertation untersucht Handlungsressourcen von zivilgesellschaftlichen Akteuren in Planungsprozessen um innerstädtische Planungsverfahren. Den theoretischen Rahmen bilden die Kapitalarten von Pierre Bourdieu, die zusammen mit dem Matrixraum von Dieter Läpple zu einem neuen Feldbegriff des ‚Raumfeldes' zusammengeführt und operationalisiert wurden. Es handelt sich um eine qualitative Arbeit, die zwischen Stadtsoziologie und Urbanistik zu verorten ist. Als Fallbeispiele wurde die Erweiterung des Berliner Mauerparks sowie das Baugebiet „So! Berlin" in Berlin gewählt. 273 urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220505-46346 10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4634 bauhaus.institut für experimentelle Architektur OPUS4-4416 Dissertation Baron, Nicole Natural Urban Resilience: Understanding general urban resilience through Addis Ababa's inner city This dissertation describes the urban actors and spatial practices that contribute to natural urban resilience in Addis Ababa's inner city. Natural urban resilience is a non-strategical and bottom-up, everyday form of general urban resilience - an urban system's ability to maintain its essential characteristics under any change. This study gains significance by exposing conceptual gaps in the current un-derstanding of general urban resilience and highlighting its unconvincing applicability to African cities. This study attains further relevance by highlighting the danger of the ongoing large-scale redevelopment of the inner city. The inner city has naturally formed, and its urban memory, spaces, and social cohesion contribute to its primarily low-income population's resilience. This thesis argues that the inner city's demolition poses an incalculable risk of maladaptation to future stresses and shocks for Addis Ababa. The city needs a balanced urban discourse that highlights the inner city's qualities and suggests feasible urban transformation measures. "Natural Urban Resilience" contributes an empirical study to the debate by identifying those aspects of the inner city that contribute to general resilience and identifies feasible action areas. This study develops a qualitative research design for a single case study in Addis Ababa. The data is obtained through expert interviews, interviews with resi-dents, and the analysis of street scene photos, which are abstracted using Grounded Theory. That way, this thesis provides first-time knowledge about who and what generates urban resilience in the inner city of Addis Ababa and how. Furthermore, the study complements existing theories on general urban resilience. It provides a detailed understanding of the change mechanisms in resilience, of which it identifies four: adaptation, upgrading, mitigation, and resistance. It also adapts the adaptive cycle, a widely used concept in resilience thinking, conceptually for urban environments. The study concludes that the inner city's continued redevelopment poses an incalculable threat to the entire city. Therefore, "Natural urban resilience" recommends carefully weighing any intervention in the inner city to promote Addis Ababa's overall resilience. This dissertation proposes a pattern language for natural urban resilience to support these efforts and to translate the model of natural urban resilience into practice. urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210428-44166 10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4416 bauhaus.institut für experimentelle Architektur