@article{Koenig2011, author = {K{\"o}nig, Reinhard}, title = {Generierung von Grundriss-Layouts mittels hybrider Evolutions-Strategie}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.806}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20110414-15425}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Text beschreibt ein computerbasiertes Verfahren zur L{\"o}sung von Layout-problemen in Architektur und St{\"a}dtebau, welches mit m{\"o}glichst wenig Problemwissen auskommt und schnell brauchbare Ergebnisse liefert, die durch schrittweises Hinzuf{\"u}gen von Problemwissen interaktiv weiter ausgearbeitet werden k{\"o}nnen. F{\"u}r das generative Verfahren wurde eine Evolutions-Strategie verwendet, die mit Mechanismen zur Kollisionserkennung und virtuellen Federn zu einem hybriden Algorithmus kombiniert wurde. Dieser dient erstens der L{\"o}sung des Problems der Dichten Packung von Rechtecken sowie zweitens der Herstellung bestimmter topologischer Beziehungen zwischen diesen Rechtecken. Die Bearbeitung beider Probleme wird durch schrittweise Erweiterung grundlegender Verfahren untersucht, wobei die einzelnen Schritte anhand von Performancetests miteinander verglichen werden. Am Ende wird ein iterativer Algorithmus vorgestellt, der einerseits optimale L{\"o}sungen garantiert und andererseits diese L{\"o}sungen in einer f{\"u}r eine akzeptable Nutzerinteraktion ausreichenden Geschwindigkeit generiert.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {de} } @article{JentschKulleBodeetal., author = {Jentsch, Mark F. and Kulle, Christoph and Bode, Tobias and Pauer, Toni and Osburg, Andrea and Namgyel, Karma and Euthra, Karma and Dukjey, Jamyang and Tenzin, Karma}, title = {Field study of the building physics properties of common building types in the Inner Himalayan valleys of Bhutan}, series = {Energy for Sustainable Development 38}, journal = {Energy for Sustainable Development 38}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3139}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170419-31393}, pages = {48 -- 66}, abstract = {Traditionally, buildings in the Inner Himalayan valleys of Bhutan were constructed from rammed earth in the western regions and quarry stone in the central and eastern regions. Whilst basic architectural design elements have been retained, the construction methods have however changed over recent decades alongside expectations for indoor thermal comfort. Nevertheless, despite the need for space heating, thermal building performance remains largely unknown. Furthermore, no dedicated climate data is available for building performance assessments. This paper establishes such climatological information for the capital Thimphu and presents an investigation of building physics properties of traditional and contemporary building types. In a one month field study 10 buildings were surveyed, looking at building air tightness, indoor climate, wall U-values and water absorption of typical wall construction materials. The findings highlight comparably high wall U-values of 1.0 to 1.5 W/m²K for both current and historic constructions. Furthermore, air tightness tests show that, due to poorly sealed joints between construction elements, windows and doors, many buildings have high infiltration rates, reaching up to 5 air changes per hour. However, the results also indicate an indoor climate moderating effect of more traditional earth construction techniques. Based on these survey findings basic improvements are being suggested.}, subject = {Luftdichtheit}, language = {en} } @article{LikhitruangsilpIoannou2004, author = {Likhitruangsilp, Veerasak and Ioannou, Photios}, title = {Risk-sensitive Markov Decision Process for Underground Construction Planning and Estimating}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.224}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2247}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents an application of dynamic decision making under uncertainty in planning and estimating underground construction. The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated by its application to an actual tunneling project—The Hanging Lake Tunnel Project in Colorado, USA. To encompass the typical risks in underground construction, tunneling decisions are structured as a risk-sensitive Markov decision process that reflects the decision process faced by a contractor in each tunneling round. This decision process consists of five basic components: (1) decision stages (locations), (2) system states (ground classes and tunneling methods), (3) alternatives (tunneling methods), (4) ground class transition probabilities, and (5) tunneling cost structure. The paper also presents concepts related to risk preference that are necessary to model the contractor's risk attitude, including the lottery concept, utility theory, and the delta property. The optimality equation is formulated, the model components are defined, and the model is solved by stochastic dynamic programming. The main results are the optimal construction plans and risk-adjusted project costs, both of which reflect the dynamics of subsurface construction, the uncertainty about geologic variability as a function of available information, and the contractor's risk preference.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{YabukiKotaniShitani2004, author = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Kotani, Jun and Shitani, Tomoaki}, title = {A Steel Bridge Design System Architecture using VR-CAD and Web Service-based Multi-Agents}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.214}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2146}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents a new design environment based on Multi-Agents and Virtual Reality (VR). In this research, a design system with a virtual reality function was developed. The virtual world was realized by using GL4Java, liquid crystal shutter glasses, sensor systems, etc. And the Multi-Agent CAD system with product models, which had been developed before, was integrated with the VR design system. A prototype system was developed for highway steel plate girder bridges, and was applied to a design problem. The application verified the effectiveness of the developed system.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{WehnerSteinmannHuebler1997, author = {Wehner, R. and Steinmann, Frank and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard}, title = {FLEXOB - Entwicklungstool f{\"u}r dynamische, modellbasierte CAD-Systeme}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.457}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4571}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Objektorientierte Modellierungstechniken werden gegenw{\"a}rtig vor allem Entwicklern von CAD-Systemen angeboten. Sie erzeugen {\"u}ber die Schritte OO-Modellanalyse und OO-Softwaredesign OO-Programme, die mit ihrer Compilation das durch den Softwareingenieur gefundene Modell festschreiben. Generell, aber insbesondere im Bauwerksdesign, ist dieses Vorgehen unbefriedigend, da hier eine Normung von Modellen nicht gelingt, der Entwurfsprozeß vergleichsweise lang ist und eine Kooperation von Ingenieurgewerken mit verschiedenen Modelldom{\"a}nen die Regel sind. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus weisen die Modelle in fr{\"u}hen Phasen ein hohes Maß an Unsch{\"a}rfe und Abstraktion auf. CAD-Tools, die diese Phasen unterst{\"u}tzen, ben{\"o}tigen deshalb: statt eines genormten Produktmodells ein einheitliches, kognitiv begr{\"u}ndetes Modellstrukturierungsparadigma, f{\"u}r das mit der Objektorientierung eine m{\"o}gliche Auspr{\"a}gung gegeben ist, ein explizites, verf{\"u}gbares Dom{\"a}nenmodell zur fortw{\"a}hrenden Interpretation von Bauwerksmodellen, deskriptive Elemente, die die Interpretation von Objekten und Attributen erleichtern, ein Konzept zur Behandlung von Unsch{\"a}rfe und Abstraktion. Hieraus ergeben sich f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von CAD-Systemen folgende Forderungen : Explizite Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von Klassenobjekten und deren Erzeugung und Ver{\"a}nderung zur Laufzeit, Vererbung auf Klassen- und Instanzniveau, Erweiterte Attributkonzepte (Facetten), Unterst{\"u}tzung der Aggregation als einer wesentlichen Modellstrukturierungsrelation, Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von OO-Schnittstellen zum Aufbau von CAD-Systemen aus Tools einerseits, sowie zur Trennung von Modellverwaltung und Modellrepr{\"a}sentation andererseits. Als ein herausragendes Merkmal des Objektorientierten Paradigmas wird die Anwendungsn{\"a}he genannt, da Erscheinungen der behandelten Dom{\"a}ne sich analog in Modellen und Programmen wiederfinden (sollen). Unter der Grundannahme, daß dieses Paradigma auch durch den Anwender zur Erstellung seiner Modellwelten verwendet wird, will FLEXOB eine homogene Umgebung schaffen, die die Modellwelt des Softwareingenieurs zu Analysezwecken dem Anwender zur Verf{\"u}gung stellt und die die Erweiterung dieser Modellwelt auf deskriptivem Niveau erm{\"o}glicht. Das Tool FLEXOB und einige wesentliche Implementationsdetails werden im Beitrag vorgestellt. Es handelt sich bei diesem Tools um eine C++ Klassenbibliothek, die entweder als Objektmodul oder als Windows-DLL verwendet werden kann. Aspekte des Nutzungsregimes solch flexibler Modellverwaltungen werden im Beitrag ebenfalls angespochen.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {de} } @article{vanTreeckRank2004, author = {van Treeck, Christoph and Rank, Ernst}, title = {Analysis of building structure and topology based on Graph Theory}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.230}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2308}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Individual views on a building product of people involved in the design process imply different models for planning and calculation. In order to interpret these geometrical, topological and semantical data of a building model we identify a structural component graph, a graph of room faces, a room graph and a relational object graph as aids and we explain algorithms to derive these relations. The application of the technique presented is demonstrated by the analysis and discretization of a sample model in the scope of building energy simulation.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{SemarSchoenhardtWitt2005, author = {Semar, Olivier and Sch{\"o}nhardt, Matthias and Witt, Karl Josef}, title = {Climatic induced changes of radiological and chemical properties in an uranium tailing deposit - Equipment and first results -}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.814}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-8146}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Monitoring systems usually used to control tailings, primarily pore water pressure gages and observation wells, are not self evidently representative for mechanical considerations. Therefore an effective risk assessment and risk management is necessary to get additional information to determine indicators for critical situations. Several tailings observations showed an alteration in chemical and radiological parameters during rising saturation induced by climatic changes. These parameters are appropriate to stress indices. A systematically research on correlations between changes in stress indices and the phreatic surface is part of the research activities of the Bauhaus University in Weimar. The contribution presents the principle of this kind of monitoring, the soil mechanical background, details of the equipment and first results.}, subject = {Monitoring}, language = {en} } @article{Lizounov1997, author = {Lizounov, P. P.}, title = {Dynamics of solid and deformable Bodies Systems at complex Movements}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.541}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5410}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Analytical models, describing oscillations of systems of interconnected solid and deformable bodies,making a complex movement in fields of inertia forces and gravitation forces, are resulted. Method of numerical investigation of dynamics of the specified systems, based on sharing of parameter prolongation method, Newton-Kantorovich algorithm, Flocke and Liapunov hteories, is developed. On the basis of constructed analytical models and numerical techniques a new, practically important problems of dynamics of systems, consisting of solid bodies, flexible rods, membranes and soft shells, which make a complex movement in fields of forces of inertia and gravity are solved. The received results are used during designing of responsible elements of structures, making a complex movement, which find application in construction and mechanical engineering.}, subject = {Festk{\"o}rpermechanik}, language = {en} } @article{WeiseKatranuschkovScherer2004, author = {Weise, Matthias and Katranuschkov, Peter and Scherer, Raimar J.}, title = {Generic Services for the Support of Evolving Building Model Data}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.207}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2077}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Many problems related to data integration in AEC can be better tackled by an approach that takes into account the heterogeneity of tasks, models and applications but does not require continuous consistency of the evolving design data, at each data management operation. Such an approach must incorporate adequate services that can facilitate reintegration of concurrently modified data at reasonably selected coordination points. In this paper we present a set of methods which, used in combination, can achieve that goal. After a description of the principal envisaged cooperative work scenario each of these methods is discussed in detail and current observations drawn from their software realisation are given. Whilst the suggested approach is valid for any EXPRESS-based data model, the practical focus of work has been on facilitating IFC-driven integration.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Abdalla2004, author = {Abdalla, Jamal}, title = {Elements of an Agent-based Mediative Communication Protocol for Design Objects}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.220}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2207}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Integrated structural engineering system usually consists of large number of design objects that may be distributed across different platforms. These design objects need to communicate data and information among each other. For efficient communication among design objects a common communication protocol need to be defined. This paper presents the elements of a communication protocol that uses a mediator agent to facilitate communication among design objects. This protocol is termed the Mediative Communication Protocol (MCP). The protocol uses certain design communication performatives and the semantics of an Agent Communication language (ACL) mainly the Knowledge and Query Manipulation Language (KQML) to implement its steps. Details of a Mediator Agent, that will facilitate the communication among design objects, is presented. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used to present the Meditative protocol and show how the mediator agent can be use to execute the steps of the meditative communication protocol. An example from structural engineering application is presented to demonstrate and validate the protocol. It is concluded that the meditative protocol is a viable protocol to facilitate object-to-object communication and also has potential to facilitate communication among the different project participants at the higher level of integrated structural engineering systems.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{GaoWuRen2004, author = {Gao, Zuoren and Wu, Weiyu and Ren, Aizhu}, title = {Physically Based Modeling and Multi-Physical Simulation System for Wood Structure Fire Performance}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.238}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2381}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This research is devoted to promoting the performance-based engineering in wood structure fire. It looks into the characteristic of the material, structural composing and collapse detecting to find out the main factors in the wood structure collapse in fire. The aim of the research is to provide an automatic simulation platform for the complicated circulation. A physically based model for slim member for beams and columns and a frame of multi-physical simulation are provided to implement the system. The physically based model contains material model, structural mechanics model, material mechanics model, as well as geometry model for the compositive simulation. The multi-physical simulation is built on the model and has the capacity to carry out a simulation combining structural, fire (thermal, CFD) and material degradation simulation. The structural and fire simulation rely on two sophisticated software respectively, ANSYS (an FEA software) and FDS (with a core of CFD). Researchers of the paper develop system by themselves to combine the two existing ones. The system has the capability to calculate the wood char to find out the loss of cross-section and to detect the collapse caused in different ways. The paper gives a sample of Chinese traditional house to show how this simulation system works.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{TakagiTaniKawamura2004, author = {Takagi, Kousuke and Tani, Akinori and Kawamura, Hiroshi}, title = {Research on Intelligent Fuzzy Optimal Active and Hybrid Control Systems of Building Structures - Verification of Optimization Method on Switching Rules of Control Forces}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.223}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2238}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Recently, many reseraches on active control systems of building structures are preformed based on modern control theory and are installed real buildings. The authors have already proposed intelligent fuzzy optimal active control (IFOAC) systems. IFOAC systems imitate intelligent activities of human brains such as prediction, adaptation, decision-kaking and so on. In IFOAC systems, objective and subjective judgements on the active control can be taken into account. However, IFOAC systems are considered to be suitable for far-field erathquake and control effect becomes small in case of near-field earthqaukes which include a few velosity pules with large amplitudes. To improve control effect in case of near-souece earthquakes, the authors have also proposed hybrid control (HC) systems, in which IFOAC systems and fuzzy control system are combined. In HC systems, the fuzzy control systems are introduced as a reflective fuzzy active control (RFAC) system and imitates spinal reflection of human. In HC systems, active control forces are activated to buildings in accordance with switching rules on active control forces. In this paper, optimizations on fuzzy control rules in RFAC system and switching rules of active control forces in HC system are performed by Parameter-Free Genetic Algorithms (PfGAs). Here, the optimization is performed by using different earthquake inputs. The results of digital simulations show that the HC system can reduce maximal response displacements under restrictions on strokes of the actuator effectively in case of a near-source earthquake and the effectiveness of the proposed HC system is discussed and clarified.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{WillenbacherHuebler2004, author = {Willenbacher, Heiko and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard}, title = {Intelligent Link-Management for the Support of Integration in Building Life Cycle}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.222}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2223}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The processes in the life cycle of buildings are characterised by highly distinct teamwork. The integration of all the distributed working participants, by providing an environment, which especially supports the communication and collaboration between the actors, is a fundamental step to improve the efficiency of the involved processes and to reduce the total costs. In this article, a link based modelling approach and its "intelligent" link management is introduced (1). This approach realises an integration environment based on a special building model that acts as a decision support system. The link-based modelling is characterised by the definition and specialisation of links between partial models. These intelligent managed links enable a very flexible and task specific data access and exchange between all the different views and partial models of the participants.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{MotawaAnumbaElHamalawi2004, author = {Motawa, Ibrahim and Anumba, Chimay and El-Hamalawi, A.}, title = {Development of a Fuzzy System for Change Prediction in Construction Projects}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.218}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2180}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Change management has been the focus of different IT systems. These IT systems were developed to represent design information, record design rationale, facilitate design coordination and changes. They are largely based on managing reactive changes, particularly design changes, in which changes are recorded and then propagated to the relevant project members. However, proactive changes are hardly dealt with in IT systems. Proactive changes require estimating the likelihood of occurrence of a change event as well as estimating the degree of change impacts on project parameters. Changes in construction projects often result from the uncertainty associated with the imprecise and vague knowledge of much project information at the early stages of projects. This is a major outcome of the case studies carried out as part of this research. Therefore, the proposed model considers that incomplete knowledge and certain project characteristics are always behind change causes. For proactive changes, predicting a change event is the main task for modelling. The prediction model should strive to integrate these main elements: 1) project characteristics that lead to change 2) causes of change, 3) the likelihood of change occurrence, and 4) the change consequences. It should also define the dependency relationships between these elements. However, limited data (documented) are only available from previous projects for change cases and many of the above elements can only be expressed in linguistic terms. This means that the model will simulate the uncertainty and subjectivity associated with these sets of elements. Therefore, a fuzzy model is proposed in this research to capture these elements. The model analyses the impact of each set of elements on the other by assigning fuzzy values for these elements that express the uncertainty and subjectivity of their impact. The main aim is to predict change events and evaluate change effects on project parameters. The fuzzy model described above was developed in an IT system for operational purposes and was designed as a Java package of components with their supporting classes, beans, and files. This paper describes the development and the architecture of the proposed IT system to achieve these requirements. The system is intended to help project teams in dealing with change causes and then the change consequences in construction projects.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{FoorgberMueller1997, author = {Foorgber, U. and M{\"u}ller, Christian}, title = {A Planning Process Model for Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Building Construction}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4922}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Increasing complexity of today's buildings requires a high level of integration in the planning process. Common planning strategies, where individual project partners cooperate mainly to exchange results, are not suitable to jointly develop project goals and objectives. Integrated planning, a more holistic approach to deal with complex problems, is based on a high degree of communication amoung team members and leads to a goal oriented cooperation. Current approaches in the reasearch area of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) poorly meet the requirements in planning. A planning process model, based on the principles of integrated planning will be introduced, aimed to provide the background for the implementation of a CSCW-platform.}, subject = {Bauwesen}, language = {en} } @article{YabukiYoshimura2004, author = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Yoshimura, Yutaka}, title = {An Evaluation System for Steel Structures of Hydroelectric Power Stations based on Fault Tree Analysis and Performance Maps}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.256}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2564}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents an evaluation system for steel structures of hydroelectric power stations, including hydraulic gates and penstocks, based on Fault Tree Analyasis (FTA) and performance maps. This system consists of fault tree diagrams of FTA, performance maps, design and analysis systems, and engineerin databases. These four modules are integrated by appropriate hyperlinks so that the user of this system can use it easily and seamlessly. A well developed system was applied to some illustrative example cases, and they showed that the developed methodology and system worked well and the users found the system useful and effective for their maintenance tasks at powerstations.}, subject = {Wissensmanagement}, language = {en} } @article{KicingerArciszewskiDeJong2004, author = {Kicinger, Rafal and Arciszewski, Tomasz and De Jong, Kenneth}, title = {Distributed Evolutionary Design: Island-Model-based Optimization of Steel Skeleton Structures in Tall Buildings}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.219}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2195}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents results of a study on distributed, or parallel, evolutionary computation in the topological design of steel structural systems in tall buildings. It describes results of extensive experimental research on various parallel evolutionary architectures applied to a complex structural design problem. The experiments were conducted using Inventor 2003, a networkbased evolutionary design support tool developed at George Mason University. First, a general introduction to evolutionary computation is provided with an emphasis on recent developments in parallel evolutionary architectures. Next, a discussion of conceptual design of steel structural systems in tall buildings is presented. Further, Inventor 2003 is briefly introduced as well as its design representation and evolutionary computation characteristics. Next, the results obtained from systematic design experiments conducted with Inventor 2003 are discussed. The objective of these experiments was to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate evolution of steel structural systems in tall buildings during a distributed evolutionary design process as well as to compare efficiency and effectiveness of various parallel evolutionary architectures with the traditional evolutionary design approaches. Two connectivity topologies (ring topology and fully-connected topology) have been investigated for four populations of structural designs evolving in parallel and using various migration strategies. Also, results of the initial sensitivity studies are reported in which two ways of initializing distributed evolutionary design processes were investigated, using either arbitrarily selected designs as initial parents or randomly generated ones. Finally, initial research conclusions are presented.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{MilbradtSchierbaumSchwoeppe2004, author = {Milbradt, Peter and Schierbaum, Jochen and Schw{\"o}ppe, Axel}, title = {Finite Cell-Elements of Higher Order}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.252}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2524}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The method of the finite elements is an adaptable numerical procedure for interpolation as well as for the numerical approximation of solutions of partial differential equations. The basis of these procedure is the formulation of suitable finite elements and element decompositions of the solution space. Classical finite elements are based on triangles or quadrangles in the two-dimensional space and tetrahedron or hexahedron in the threedimensional space. The use of arbitrary-dimensional convex and non-convex polyhedrons as the geometrical basis of finite elements increases the flexibility of generating finite element decompositions substantially and is sometimes the only way to get a clear decomposition...}, subject = {Finite-Elemente-Methode}, language = {en} } @article{ElRayesHyari2004, author = {El-Rayes, Khaled and Hyari, Khalied}, title = {A Multi-objective Model for Optimizing Construction Planning of Repetitive Infrastructure Projects}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.213}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2135}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents the development of a model for optimizing resource utilization in repetitive infrastructure projects. The model provides the capability of simultaneous minimization of both project duration and work interruptions for construction crews. The model provides in a single run, a set of nondominated solutions that represent the tradeoff between these two objectives. The model incorporates a multiobjective genetic algorithm and scheduling algorithm. The model initially generates a randomly selected set of solutions that evolves to a near optimal set of tradeoff solutions in subsequent generations. Each solution represents a unique scheduling solution that is associated with certain project duration and a number of interruption days for utilized construction crews. As such, the model provides project planners with alternative schedules along with their expected duration and resource utilization efficiency.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{Rueppel1997, author = {R{\"u}ppel, Uwe}, title = {Multimediale Gestaltung von Bestandsverwaltungsprozessen im Bauwesen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.483}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4839}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Die Kosten f{\"u}r die Unterhaltung von Bauwerken {\"u}ber den Lebenszyklus sind im Vergleich zu den Planungs- und Herstellungskosten erheblich gr{\"o}ßer. Insbesondere setzt eine Reduzierung des Instandhaltungsaufwandes als Teilprozeß der Bestandsverwaltung das rechtzeitige Erkennen von Bausch{\"a}den und das vorausschauende Ergreifen von Gegenmaßnahmen voraus. Das planm{\"a}ßige Vorgehen beim Erkennen von Bausch{\"a}den, d.h. die regelm{\"a}ßige {\"U}berwachung baulicher Anlagen, dient nicht nur dem sparsamen Umgang mit vorhandenen Mitteln, sondern verringert auch die Gefahr des pl{\"o}tzlichen Versagens von tragenden Bauteilen. Dadurch werden Gefahren f{\"u}r die Nutzer der Bauwerke fr{\"u}hzeitig abgewendet. Die Notwendigkeit der systematischen Instandhaltung mit modernen Methoden wird auch in den Schlußfolgerungen des dritten Bauschadensberichts des Bundesministeriums f{\"u}r Raumordnung, Bauwesen und St{\"a}dtebau unterstrichen. Um den Zustand eines Bauteils festzustellen, werden ausreichende Informationen {\"u}ber Struktur, Material, Alter, Belastungen, Umweltbedingungen etc. ben{\"o}tigt. Zur Verarbeitung dieser F{\"u}lle von Informationen unterschiedlichen Typs (z.B. technische Dokumente, CAD-Zeichnungen, Photos etc.) bei der {\"U}berwachung und Dokumentation baulicher Anlagen ist eine geeignete DV-Unterst{\"u}tzung notwendig. Zur Verwaltung der komplexen Baustrukturinformationen werden objektorientierte Bauwerksmodelle ben{\"o}tigt. Zur bedarfsgerechten Aufbereitung der unterschiedlichen Informationsarten und -qualit{\"a}ten ist zus{\"a}tzlich eine multimediale Informationsverarbeitung sowohl intern als auch in der Benutzungsschnittstelle erforderlich. Im Beitrag werden die Grundlagen objektorientierter Methoden zur Bauwerksmodellierung sowie von Multimedia mit den Bereichen Text, Graphik (Vektor- und Pixelgraphik), Audio, Photo und Video einschließlich deren Verkn{\"u}pfungsm{\"o}glichkeiten im Sinne von Hypermedia an Beispielen erl{\"a}utert. Zus{\"a}tzlich werden aktuelle Entwicklungstendenzen im Bereich der Telekommunikation mit den M{\"o}glichkeiten des Computernetzes INTERNET zur Bestandsverwaltung in verteilten Systemen aufgezeigt. Abschließend werden Anwendungen der objektorientierten und multimedialen Informationsverarbeitung in der t{\"a}glichen Ingenieurpraxis am Beispiel des DV-Systems BestandManager zur {\"U}berwachung und Dokumentation baulicher Anlagen vorgestellt.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {de} } @article{KaklauskasCervenkaCervenka2004, author = {Kaklauskas, Gintaris and Cervenka, Vladimir and Cervenka, Jan}, title = {Deflection Calculation of RC Beams: Finite Element Software versus Design Code Methods}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.249}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2498}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper investigates accuracy of deflection predictions made by the finite element package ATENA and design code methods ACI and EC2. Deflections have been calculated for a large number of experimental reinforced concrete beams reported by three investigators. Statistical parameters have been established for each of the technique at different load levels, separately for the beams with small and moderate reinforcement ratio.}, subject = {Finite-Elemente-Methode}, language = {en} } @article{MinchTrochanowski1997, author = {Minch, M. J. and Trochanowski, A.}, title = {The numerical Modelling and Analysis of RC cracked Structures}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.527}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5278}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to review model for finite element techniques for non-linear crack analysis of reinforced concrete beams and slabs. The non-linear behaviour of concrete and steel were described. Some calculations of >self-stress< for concrete and reinforced concrete beam was made. Current computational aspects are discussed. Several remarks for future studies are also given. The numerical model of the concrete and reinforced concrete was described. The paper shows the results of calculations on a reinforced concrete plane stress panel with cracks. The non-linear, numerical model of calculations of reinforced concrete was assumed. Using finite elements method some calculations were made. The results of calculations like displacements, stresses and cracking are shown on diagrams. They were compared with experimental results and other finding. Some conclusions about the described model and results of calculation are shown.}, subject = {Tragwerk}, language = {en} } @article{Dudek1997, author = {Dudek, Mariusz}, title = {Zur Bewertung der Struktur von Verkehrsnetzen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.463}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4634}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In diese Ver{\"o}ffentlichung werden die Kennziffern dargestellt, die zur Beurteilung der Struktur von Verkehrsnetzen behilflich sein k{\"o}nnen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde die Graphentheorie angewendet. Eine erste Gruppe von Bewertungen st{\"u}tzt sich auf die Anzahl der Knoten und B{\"o}gen des Netzes. Detailliertere Informationen {\"u}ber Engp{\"a}sse oder Schwachstellen im Verkehrsnetz erh{\"a}lt man durch die Analyse der Kantenzusammenhangs. Die Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit der einzelnen Verkehrsarten , ihre Bewertung und Maßnahmen, sie zu verbessern werden vorgeschlagen und diskutiert. Weiteren Untersuchungen werden angeregt.}, subject = {Verkehrsnetz}, language = {de} } @article{KatranuschkovGehreScherer2004, author = {Katranuschkov, Peter and Gehre, Alexander and Scherer, Raimar J.}, title = {User Requirements Capture in Distributed Project Environments: A Process-centred Approach}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.202}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2029}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Efforts to define standards for representing AEC/FM data have been fairly successful. However defining a standard reference process model has not met with the same success. Yet almost every conceptual modelling or software development project starts by defining the business processes to be supported and the related requirements to be satisfied. This paper describes a new process-centred methodology for user requirements capture developed in the ICCI project (IST-2001-33022). Its essence is in recognising user requirements and use cases in the context of the real construction process, identifying the actors and roles for each individual activity and associating these activities with information, communication and standardisation requirements on the basis of a formalised specification, named the Process Matrix. In the paper we outline the history of process matrix development, introduce the basic structure of the matrix and show how it can be further extended and refined. We present also a web-based software implementation of the developed approach, describe how it has been used in ICCI and outline further perspectives.}, subject = {Informationstechnik}, language = {en} } @article{MaQin2004, author = {Ma, Zhiliang and Qin, Liang}, title = {A Framework of Management Information System for Construction Projects}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.212}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2126}, year = {2004}, abstract = {A comprehensive framework of information management system for construction projects in China has been established through extensive literature survey and field investigation. It utilizes the potential information technologies and covers the practical management patterns as well as the major aspects of construction project management. It can be used to guide and evaluate the design of the information management systems for construction projects in order to make the system to be applicable to a wide variety of construction projects and survive the changes in project management.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{EirinhevskyDikhnyakEirichevskyetal.1997, author = {{\^E}irinhevsky, V. V. and D{\^i}khnyak, B. M. and {\^E}irichevsky, R. V. and {\^E}{\^i}zub, Y. G.}, title = {Determination of the Temperature of Dissipative Warming and Parameters of Fracture in Elastomers with using of Singular Finite Elements}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.547}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5471}, year = {1997}, abstract = {For modeling of singular fields of stresses and deformations in elasters with a crack is offered to use of three-dimesional a special finite element. Weak compessible of elasters is taken into account on the basis of threefold approximation of fields of displacements, deformations and function of volume change. At intensive cyclic loading of the elastomer constructions with a crack it is necessary to take into account warming and large deformations at the crack top. The stress-deformed state elasters with a crack is determined from the decision of a nonlinear problem by a modified method Newton-Kantorovich. Account stress intensity factors for a rectangular plate with a various arrangement of a through crack is executed. Process of development of a surface crack and dissipative warming in prismatic a element of shift is investigated.}, subject = {Elastomer}, language = {en} } @article{KangMiranda2004, author = {Kang, Shihchung and Miranda, Eduardo}, title = {Automated Simulation of the Erection Activities in Virtual Construction}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.231}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2310}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The goal of the research is the development of a computer system to plan, simulate and visualize erection processes in construction. In the research construction cranes are treated as robots with predefined degrees of freedom and crane-specific motion planning techniques are developed to generate time-optimized and collision-free paths for each piece to be erected in the project. Using inverse kinematics and structural dynamics simulation, the computer system then computes the crane motions and velocities necessary to achieve the previously calculated paths. The main benefits of the research are the accurate planning and scheduling of crane operations leading to optimization of crane usage and project schedules, as well as improving overall crane safety in the project. This research is aimed at the development of systems that will allow computer-assisted erection of civil infrastructure and ultimately to achieve fully-automated erection processes using robotic cranes...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{NeubergFankEkkerlein2004, author = {Neuberg, Frank and Fank, Ernst and Ekkerlein, Christian}, title = {Integrated Life Cycle Simulation and Assessment of Buildings}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.235}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2351}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Buildings require both for construction and, due to their comparatively long life cycle for maintenance, significant raw material and energy resources. So far available knowledge about resource consumption during an entire life cycle of a building is still quite rare, because various criteria affect each other and/or overlay mutually. In this contribution a model based software concept is presented using an integrated approach for life cycle simulation and assessment of buildings. The essential point of the development consists of connecting an IFC compliant product model of a building via the Internet with data bases for the resource and energy requirement of building materials. Furthermore, numerical simulations allow calculating and minimizing the energy consumption, the resource requirement, the waste streams and also the noxious emissions. In the context of this paper we present the first release of software programs for architects and engineers, which help them to evaluate their design decisions objectively in early planning steps. Additionally the usage of the software is demonstrated by a test case study for a real world building. By applying this software in practice a substantial contribution for saving energy and natural resources can be provided in the sense of sustainable and ecological building design.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{SemenovAlekseevaTarlapan2004, author = {Semenov, Vitaly and Alekseeva, Elena and Tarlapan, Oleg}, title = {Virtual Construction using Map-based Approach}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.244}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2447}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper presents a general map-based approach to prototyping of products in virtual reality environments. Virtual prototyping of products is considered as a consistent simulation and visualization process mapping the source product model into its target visual representations. The approach enables to interrelate formally the product and visual information models with each other by defining mapping rules, to specify a prototyping scenario as a composition of map instances, and then to explore particular product models in virtual reality environments by interpreting the composed scenario. Having been realized, the proposed approach provides for the strongly formalized method and the common software framework to build virtual prototyping applications. As a result, the applications gain in expressiveness, reusability and reliability, as well as take on additional runtime flexibility...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{KiviniemiFischer2004, author = {Kiviniemi, Arto and Fischer, Martin}, title = {Requirements Management Interface to Building Product Models}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.242}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2427}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In current AEC practice client requirements are typically recorded in a building program, which, depending on the building type, covers various aspects from the overall goals, activities and spatial needs to very detailed material and condition requirements. This documentation is used as the starting point of the design process, but as the design progresses, it is usually left aside and changes are made incrementally based on the previous design solution. These incremental small changes can lead to a solution that may no longer meet the original requirements. In addition, design is by nature an iterative process and the proposed solutions often also cause evolution in the client requirements. However, the requirements documentation is usually not updated accordingly. Finding the latest updates and evolution of the requirements from the documentation is very difficult, if not impossible. This process can lead to an end result, which is significantly different from the documented requirements. Some important requirements may not be satisfied, and even if the design process was based on agreed-upon changes in the scope and requirements, differences in the requirements documents and in the completed building can lead to well-justified doubts about the quality of the design and construction process...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{KangMiranda2004, author = {Kang, Shihchung and Miranda, Eduardo}, title = {Physics Based Model for Simulating the Dynamics of Tower Cranes}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.240}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2409}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The goal of the research is to increase the understanding of dynamic behaviors during the crane operation, and develops computer-aided methods to improve the training of crane operators. There are approximately 125,000 cranes in operation today in the construction industry, responsible for major portion of erection activities. Unfortunately, many accidents occur every year in the U.S. and other countries related to the operation of cranes in construction sites. For example on November 28, 1989 a tower crane collapse during the construction of a building in San Francisco killing four construction workers, one civilian and injuring 28. According to the statistics from Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA), there were 137 crane-related fatalities from 1992 to 2001 in the US. A well-known internet website that keeps track of crane-related accidents (craneaccidents.com), reports 516 accidents and 277 fatalities from 2000 to 2002. These statistics show that even though many measures have been taken to decrease the number of crane-related accidents (Braam, 2002), the number of crane related accidents is still very large. It is important to recognize that each construction related fatality is not only a great human loss but also increases the costs of insurance, lawsuits, and the construction budget due to delay of a project (Paulson 1992)...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{HoltzhauerSaal2004, author = {Holtzhauer, Eric and Saal, Helmut}, title = {Product modelling in the steel construction domain}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.241}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2415}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The complexity of the relationships between the actors of a building project requires high efficiency in communication. Among other things, data sharing is crucial. The exchange of data is made possible by interfaces between expert programs, which rely on product models. The latter are neutral standards with formal definitions of building objects and their attributes. This paper deals with the state of the art and the research activities concerning product models in the steel construction domain and the advantages provided by this technology for the sector.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Rose2004, author = {Rose, Martin}, title = {Modeling of Freeway Traffic}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.263}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2639}, year = {2004}, abstract = {An integrated modeling of freeway traffic is developed, whose implementation in an uniform computer -aided simulation model facilitate comparative evaluation and systematic coupling of several traffic simulations, traffic controls, traffic measurements and traffic scenarios. The integrated modeling of freeway traffic is a basic mapping of freeway networks, control methods, measurements and different simulations of traffic flow...}, subject = {Verkehrsplanung}, language = {en} } @article{ShihLee2004, author = {Shih, Naai-Jung and Lee, Wen-Pang}, title = {Particle Simulation and Evaluation of Personal Exposure to Contaminant Sources in an Elevation Space}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.237}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2376}, year = {2004}, abstract = {An elevator, which figures a small volume, is normally used by everyone for a short period of time and equipped with simple ventilation system..Any contaminant released within it may cause serious problem. This research adapt a fire and smoke simulation software (FDS) into non-fire indoor airflow scario. Differently from previous research, particles are chosen as a risk evalution unit. A personal and multi-personal exposure model is proposed. The model takes the influence of the human thermal boundary, coughing, inhalation, exhalation, standing position, and the fan factor into account. The model is easy-to-use and suitable for the design of elevator system in practice.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Volkova2004, author = {Volkova, Viktorija}, title = {The analysis of dynamic behaviour of pre-stressed systems under polyharmonic excitations}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.265}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2656}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Pre-stressed structural elements are widely used in large-span structures. As a rule, they have higher stiffness characteristics. Pre-stressed rods can be applied as girders of different purpose, and as their separate parts, e.g. rods of trusses and frames. Among numerous ways of prestressing the compression of girders, trusses, and frames by tightenings from high-strength materials is under common application.}, subject = {Verkehrsplanung}, language = {en} } @article{CerovsekTurk2004, author = {Cerovsek, Tomo and Turk, Ziga}, title = {Working Together: ICT Infrastructures to Support Collaboration}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.205}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2055}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper summarizes a part of research carried out in ICCI project and provides a current review of ICT infrastructures supporting collaboration. It covers taxonomies, protocols, standards, components, typical subsystems as well as future trends and recommendation for two most important technologies with applications in AEC: (1) EIP (Enterprise information portal) - a single gateway to a company's information, knowledge base, and applications for all actors; (2) RTC (Real-Time Communication and Collaboration technologies) that provide means for asynchronous communication between geographically dislocated people using ICT. Proposed future developments are: orientation towards web services - with building information models, business intelligence, personalization, AEC information retrieval, p2p workspaces and grids.}, subject = {Informationstechnik}, language = {en} } @article{Makanae2004, author = {Makanae, Koji}, title = {Highway Sequence Editor based on the Length-based Highway Product Model}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.234}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2347}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The highway product model based on the length information of the centerline, and the application system is developed. This paper shows the schema and the modeling process of the product model, which includes geometric elements such as an alignment, lanes, sidewalks, shoulders and sprits, and accessories such as guard fences, plantings and signs. Furthermore, The Highway Sequence Editor (HSE) is developed as an application system to verify the model.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Rebolj1997, author = {Rebolj, D.}, title = {A Product Model of a Road}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.458}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4584}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Many errors and delays frequently appear when data is exchanged between particular tasks in the lifecycle of the road. Inter-task connections are therefore of great importance for the quality of the final product. The article describes a product model of a road wich is the kernel of an integrated information system intended to support all important stages of the road lifecycle: design, evaluation (through different analysis procedures), construction, and maintainance. Since particular tasks are often executed at different places and in different companies, the interconnections are supported by a special metafile which contains all specific data of the product model. The concept of the integrated system is object and component oriented. Additionally, existing conventional program packages are included to support some common tasks (methods). A conventional relational database system as well as an open spatial database system with the relevant GIS functionality are included to support the data structures of the model.}, subject = {Straße}, language = {en} } @article{BerkowskiBoron1997, author = {Berkowski, P. and Boron, Jacek}, title = {An Algorithm of compromise structural Optimisation of Bar Structures}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.526}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5264}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Authors' own research in applied unicriterial and multicriterial optimisation of bar structures, and also an analysis of accessible bibliography on structural synthesis allows to present herein an attempt to define a general algorithm for proceeding in formulation of a structural optimisation problem. A practical aspect of such an algorithm consists, in author's opinion, in enabling a designer a correct creation of a mathematical model of synthesis problems, independently of known mathematical methods employed to looking for an unconditional extremum of function of several variables. A proposed algorithm is not a ready-for-use tool for solving all the optimisation problems, but it constitutes an easy-to-expand theoretical basis. This basis should allow a designer to create a proper set of compromises on the way to construct a mathematical model of a specific optimisation problem. The algorithm, presented in the paper, is constructed as a sequence of the one-after-another problem questions, on which the designer answers: yes or no, and a set of selections from the knowledge base consisting of the elements of an optimisation problem components. The order of making questions adopted by the authors in the algorithm is subjective, however it is supported by their experience, both in applied optimisation and in designing of structures like trusses or frames.}, subject = {Stabwerk}, language = {en} } @article{KazakevitchVolkova1997, author = {Kazakevitch, M. I. and Volkova, Viktorija}, title = {The exact Solution of the free pre-stressed Bar-Oscillations}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.535}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5356}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In this paper the results of the investigations of the free oscillations of the pre-stressed flexible structure elements are presented . Two cases of the central preliminary stress are investigated : without intermediate fastening of the tie to the flexible element and with the intermediate fastening in the middle of the element length. The given physical model can be applied to the flexible sloping shells and arches, membranes, large space antenna fields (besides flexible elements). The peculiarity of these systems is the possibility of the non-adjacent equilibrium form existence at the definite relations of the physical parameters . The transition from one stable equilibrium form to another, non-adjacent form, may be treated as jump. In this case they are called systems with buckling or the systems with two potential «gaps». These systems commenced the new section of the mathematical physics - the theory of chaos and strange attractors. The analysis of the solutions confirms the received for the first time by the author and given in effect of the oscillation period doubling of the system during the transition from the «small» oscillations relatively center to the >large< relatively all three equilibrium conditions. The character of the frequency (period) dependence on the free oscillation amplitudes of the non-linear system also confirms the received earlier result of the duality of the system behaviour : >small< oscillations possess the qualities of soft system; >large< oscillations possess the qualities of rigid system. The >small< oscillation natural frequency changing, depending on the oscillation amplitudes, is in the internal . Here the frequency takes zero value at the amplitude values Aa and Ad (or Aa and Ae ); the frequency takes maximum value at the amplitude value near point b .The >large< oscillation natural frequency changes in the interval . Here is also observed . The influence of the tie intermediate fastening doesn't introduce qualitative changes in the behaviour of the investigated system. It only increases ( four times ) the critical value of the preliminary tension force}, subject = {Bauteil}, language = {en} } @article{MisztalMisztal1997, author = {Misztal, S. and Misztal, G.}, title = {Anwendung von Delta-Dirac-Funktion und Heviside-Funktion zur Berechnung der inneren Kr{\"a}fte und Verschiebungen in gebogenen Balken}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.530}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5308}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Die d - Dirac - Funktion d(x-xi) und Heviside - Funktion wurden vor allem zur Beschreibung diskontinuierlicher Belastungsfunktionen von gebogenen Balken angewendet. Im Referat werden die mathematischen Operationen auf den erw{\"a}hnten Funktionen dargestellt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wird die M{\"o}glichkeit eindeutiger Aufschreibung von belibigen Belestungsfunktionen vorgeschlagen, die fast alle F{\"a}lle der in der Ingenieurpraxis auftretenden Belastungen umfassen. Die vorgeschlagenen L{\"o}sungen geben die M{\"o}glichkeit leichter Aufschreibung im Form eines Algorithmus, das die Ausnutzung von Komputertechnik in statischen Berechnungen erm{\"o}glicht. Am Ende des Referates werden die Zahlebeispiele dargestellt, die die M{\"o}glichkeiten praktischer Anwendungen der besprochenen Funktionen darstellen.}, subject = {Balken}, language = {de} } @article{Firmenich2004, author = {Firmenich, Berthold}, title = {Product Models in Network Based Co-operation in Structural Engineering}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.211}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2119}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The Priority Programme 'Network Based Co-operation in Structural Engineering' of the 'German Research Foundation' (DFG) has been established in the year 2000. This paper describes and discusses the main research directions and first results of the workgroup 'Distributed Product Models'. The five projects of the workgroup have developed completely different solutions for specific application domains. Each solution concept deals with a consistent product modeling and knowledge processing in a distributed environment in the planning process. The individual solution approaches of the projects are described and the underlying basic assumptions are discussed. A unified system architecture is described for all projects of the workgroup. Two different approaches (object-oriented and graph-based models) have been introduced for product and knowledge modeling. The common structure of these models will be explained to fully understand the differences of these modeling approaches. Finally the concepts for co-operative work and conflict management in a distributed environment are described: The solution approaches will be distinguished by classifying the supported co-operation according to time. A final scientific summary describes the state-of-the-art in network based co-operation in structural engineering: The role of research directions like knowledge modeling, standard product modeling and versioning in the distributed planning process will be explained.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Huhn2004, author = {Huhn, Michael}, title = {Abstract and Concrete Scenarios in Concurrent Engineering}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.206}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2068}, year = {2004}, abstract = {An architecture of a distributed planning system for the building industry has been developed. The emphasis is on highly collaborative environments in steelwork, timber construction etc. where designers concurrently handle 3D models. The overall system connects local design systems by the so-called Design Framework DFW. This framework consists of the definition of distributed components and protocols which make the collaborative design work. The process of collaborative design has been formalized on an abstract level. This paper describes how this has been done. A sample is given to illustrate the mapping of concrete scenarios of the 'real design world' to an abstract scenario level. This work is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG as part of the project SPP1103 (Meißner et al. 2003).}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{BeerFirmenichRichter2004, author = {Beer, Daniel G. and Firmenich, Berthold and Richter, Torsten}, title = {A Concept for CAD Systems with Persistent Versioned Data Models}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.204}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2046}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The synchronous distributed processing of common source code in the software development process is supported by well proven methods. The planning process has similarities with the software development process. However, there are no consistent and similarly successful methods for applications in construction projects. A new approach is proposed in this contribution.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{SchnellenbachHeldHartmann2004, author = {Schnellenbach-Held, Martina and Hartmann, Markus}, title = {Knowledge Based Systems in Distributed Desgin Environments}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2106}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Today's building industry not only demands more and more reduced construction time on building site, but also an advanced and mostly construction attendant design phase. Even though there is software available to support design processes in distributed environments, most applications only support simple document based exchange of information. In this paper a knowledge based system is presented to support cooperative, comprehensive design processes in distributed environments. The presented research project is financially supported by the German Research Community (DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Strukelj1997, author = {Strukelj, A.}, title = {Some Problems in Obtaining the Green's Function of the Layered Soil}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.538}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5388}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The frame of this paper is the development of methods and procedures for the description of the motion of an arbitrary shaped foundation. Since the infinite half-space cannot be properly described by a model of finite dimensions without violating the radiation condition, the basic problems are infinite dimensions of the half-space as well as its non-homogeneous nature. Consequently, an approach has been investigated to solve this problem indirectly by developing Green's function in which the non-homogeneity and the infiniteness of the half-space has been included. When the Green's function is known, the next step will be the evaluation of contact stresses acting between the foundation and the surface of the half-space through an integral equation. The equation should be solved in the area of the foundation using Green's function as the kernel. The derivation of three-dimensional Green's function for the homogeneous half-space (Kobayashi and Sasaki 1991) has been made using the potential method. Partial differential equations occurring in the problem have been made ordinary ones through the Hankel integral transform. The general idea for obtaining the three-dimensional Green's function for the layered half-space is similar. But in that case some additional phenomena may occur. One of them is the possibility of the appearance of Stonely surface waves propagating along the contact surfaces of layers. Their contribution to the final result is in most cases important enough that they should not be neglected. The main advantage of results presented in comparing to other obtained with numerical methods is their accuracy especially in the case of thin layers because all essential steps of Green's function evaluation except of the contour integration along the branch cut have been made analytically. On the other hand the disadvantage of this method is that the mathematical effort for obtaining the Green's function is increasing drastically with the increase of the number of layers. Future work will therefore be directed in simplifying of the above described process}, subject = {Bodenmechanik}, language = {en} } @article{Fink2004, author = {Fink, Thomas}, title = {Structural analysis, design and detailing using standard CAD software and standard building information model}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.270}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2702}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper describes the concept of a german commercial software package developed for the needs of structural engineers. Using a standard CAD software as user interface for all geometrical data and to save all important input data, there is a natural link to upcoming building information models.}, subject = {Bauindustrie}, language = {en} } @article{Kaplinski1997, author = {Kaplinski, O.}, title = {Phenomenon of inhertia in the Production Systems reliability Analysis}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.532}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5320}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The paper analyses the influence of the effect of inertia on the reliability of production systems. Systems inertia represents the phenomenon of continuing work for some time after the breakdown of one of the former phases. In our considerations, inertia is treated as the time elapsed from the onset of breakdown till the system's inability to work. A special method had to be devised to investigate the effect of inertia in order to evaluate the reliability of production systems and to attempt algorithmization to control the reliability of production system by means of inertia or reserving. The method of reliability analysis is presented only in an inform aspect. The possibilities of increasing reliability of production systems are listed. A comparison of the redundancy method and inertia method is presented. The results of this comparison and simulated investigations of influence of inertia on reliability of system are essential scope of the paper. Selected conclusions are as follows: when inertia approaches the last phase in the system, its influence on the shape of the distribution of the system's ability increases; an increase in inertia causes an increase in the availability of the system which approaches a certain border value; dependence of the average of a system's disability on inertia has a saddle-like character whereas dependence of the number of breakdowns (stoppages) in the system has the nature of an S-curve.}, subject = {Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeitstheorie}, language = {en} } @article{GanevMarinov1997, author = {Ganev, T. and Marinov, M.}, title = {Towards Optimal Designing of thin elastic Plates with a specific free Oscillations Frequency}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.537}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5375}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Thin elastic plates are the basic constructional elements and are very often subjected to dynamic effects especially in the machine-building structures. Their saving design of resonance conditions of operation is an extremely complicated task which cannot be solved analytically. In the present report an efficient and sufficiently general method for optimal design of thin plates is worked out on the basis of energy resonance method of Wilder, the method of the finite elements for dynamic research and the methods of parameter optimization. By means of these methods various limitations and requirements put by the designer to the plates can be taken into account. A programme module for numerical investigation of the weight variation of the plate depending on the taken variable of the designed thickness at different supporting conditions is developed. The reasons for the considerable quantity and quality difference between the obtained optimal designs are also analysed.}, subject = {Platte}, language = {en} } @article{Skrinar1997, author = {Skrinar, Matjaz}, title = {Computation of Stresses and Settlements under an arbitrary Point in Homogenous, elastic, isotropic Half-Space, under the Load described by a uniform Load over a general quadrilateral}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.533}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5338}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The problem of the computation of stresses and settlements in the half-space under various types of loads is often presented in geotechnical engineering. In 1885 Boussinesq advanced theoretical expressions to determine stresses at a point within an ideal mass. His equation considers a point load on the surface of a semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic, weightless, elastic half-space. Newmark in 1942 performed the integration of Boussinesq's equations for the vertical stress under a corner of a rectangular area loaded with a uniform load. The problem of the determination of vertical stresses under a rectangular shaped footing has been satisfactorily solved with renewal integration of the Boussinesq's equation over the arbitrary rectangle on surface of the half-space, with a non-uniform load represented with piecewise linear interpolation functions. The problem of the determination of stresses in the case when the footing shape is an arbitrary quadrilateral however remains unsolved. The paper discusses an approach to the computation of vertical stresses and settlements in an arbitrary point of the half-space, loaded with a uniform load, which shape in the ground plan can be a general four noded form with straight edges. Since the form is transformed into a biunit square and all integrations are performed over this area, all solutions are valid also for an arbitrary triangle by the implementation of the degeneration rule.}, subject = {Halbraum}, language = {en} } @article{AzizAnumbaMiles2004, author = {Aziz, Zeeshan and Anumba, Chimay and Miles, John}, title = {Towards a Semantic Grid Computing Platform for Disaster Management in Built Environment}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.208}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2084}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Current disaster management procedures rely primarily on heuristics which result in their strategies being very cautious and sub-optimum in terms of saving life, minimising damage and returning the building to its normal function. Also effective disaster management demands decentralized, dynamic, flexible, short term and across domain resource sharing, which is not well supported by existing distributing computing infrastructres. The paper proposes a conceptual framework for emergency management in the built environment, using Semantic Grid as an integrating platform for different technologies. The framework supports a distributed network of specialists in built environment, including structural engineers, building technologists, decision analysts etc. It brings together the necessary technology threads, including the Semantic Web (to provide a framework for shared definitions of terms, resources and relationships), Web Services (to provide dynamic discovery and integration) and Grid Computing (for enhanced computational power, high speed access, collaboration and security control) to support rapid formation of virtual teams for disaster management. The proposed framework also make an extensive use of modelling and simulation (both numerical and using visualisations), data mining (to find resources in legacy data sets) and visualisation. It also include a variety of hardware instruments with access to real time data. Furthermore the whole framework is centred on collaborative working by the virtual team. Although focus of this paper is on disaster management, many aspects of the discussed Grid and Visualisation technologies will be useful for any other forms of collaboration. Conclusions are drawn about the possible future impact on the built environment.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{RombergNigglvanTreeck2004, author = {Romberg, Richard and Niggl, Andreas and van Treeck, Christoph}, title = {Structural Analysis based on the Product Model Standard IFC}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.243}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2433}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In this paper we present a computer aided method supporting co-operation between different project partners, such as architects and engineers, on the basis of strictly three-dimensional models. The center of our software architecture is a product model, described by the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) of the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI). From this a geometrical model is extracted and automatically transferred to a computational model serving as a basis for various simulation tasks. In this paper the focus is set on the advantage of the fully three-dimensional structural analysis performed by p-version of the finite element analysis. Other simulation methods are discussed in a separate contribution of this Volume (Treeck 2004). The validity of this approach will be shown in a complex example.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{Kaiser1997, author = {Kaiser, Wolfgang}, title = {Die unbegrenzten Einsatzm{\"o}glichkeiten von 3D-Modellierern}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.525}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5257}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Der Funktionsumfang von 3D-Modellierern und die Leistung allgemein zur Verf{\"u}gung stehender Rechnersysteme gestatten die Modellierung beliebiger Objekte in jeder nur denkbaren Fachdisziplin. Das potentielle Leistungsverm{\"o}gen von 3D-Modellierern sollte Anreiz sein, sie so allt{\"a}glich einzusetzen, wie die etablierten Standardapplikationen. Die im Vortrag gezeigten Modelle umfassen ein kleines Spektrum der m{\"o}glichen Anwendungsgebiete. Weder vom (Daten)Umfang noch von ihrem Kompliziertheitsgrad stellen sie etwas Besonderes dar. Sie sollen nur das Interesse f{\"u}r einen allt{\"a}glichen Einsatz von 3D-Modellierern wecken und eventuell vorhandenen Einsatzschwellen abbauen helfen. Die im Vortrag gezeigten Bildfolgen sind unter http://www.uni-weimar.de/animationen zu finden.}, subject = {Dreidimensionales Modell}, language = {de} } @article{StaubFrench2004, author = {Staub-French, Sheryl}, title = {Feature-based Product Modeling for Building Construction}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.233}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2331}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Current building product models explicitly represent components, attributes of components, and relationships between components. These designer-focused product models, however, do not represent many of the design conditions that are important for construction, such as component similarity, uniformity, and penetrations. Current design and construction tools offer limited support for detecting these construction-specific design conditions. This paper describes the ontology we developed using the manufacturing concept of features to represent the design conditions that are important for construction. The feature ontology provides the blueprint for the additions and changes needed to transform a standard product model into a constructionspecific product model. The ontology formalizes three classes of features, defines the attributes and functions of each feature type, and represents the relationships between features explicitly. The descriptive semantics of the ontology allows practitioners to represent their varied preferences for naming features, specifying features that result from component intersections and the similarity of components, and grouping features that affect a specific construction domain. A software prototype that implements the ontology enables practitioners to transform designer-focused product models into feature-based product models that represent the construction perspective.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{FischerSteinhage1997, author = {Fischer, A. and Steinhage, V.}, title = {Ein modellbasiertes Konzept zur st{\"a}dteplanerischen Kartierung durch digitale Bildanalyse}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.487}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4870}, year = {1997}, abstract = {There is an increasing need for 3D building extraction from aerial images for various applications such astown planning, environmental- and property-related studies. Aerial images usually reveal on one hand a certain amount of information not relevant for the given task of building extraction like vegetation, cars etc. On the other hand there is a loss of relevant information due to occlusions, low contrasts or disadvantageous perspectives. Therefore a promising concept for automated building reconstruction must incorporate a suffciantly complete model of the objects of interest. We propose a model-based approach to 3D building extraction from aerial images which reveals a tight coupling between a generic 3D object model and an explicit 2D image model. The generic object model employes domain specific volumetric primitives (i. e. building part models) and combination schemes. To cover the gap between 3D object models and 2D image data the image model is employed to predict the projective building appearences in aerial images. We present a strategy for a model-based building extraction based on the recognition-by-components principle and show first experimental results derived from international test sets}, subject = {Stadtplanung}, language = {de} } @article{Erlemann2004, author = {Erlemann, Kai}, title = {BABSIM - An object-oriented software framework for microscopic simulation of freeway traffic}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.260}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2601}, year = {2004}, abstract = {A wide variety of behavioural models exist in microscopic traffic simulation. Commercial programms often use closed-source policies and are confined to their respective simulation platforms. Open-source approaches mainly focus on distinctive, highly specialized traffic situations. In the scope of this paper, an open-source framework for developing modular, objectoriented simulation systems is presented, capable of simultaneously accommodating different driving models and enabling the user to modify and extend the catalogue of driving behaviours. The existing driving behaviours and the computational implementation of the simulation are being described.}, subject = {Framework }, language = {en} } @article{KabathStuyts2004, author = {Kabath, Meik and Stuyts, Patrick}, title = {Building Design towards 5-dimensions}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.271}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2712}, year = {2004}, abstract = {There exists a big gap between the capabilities of current 3D-CAD applications and their actual usage in practice. Many architects and planners still prefer to draft in 2D because the benefits of 3D modeling are difficult to explain. This presentation offers a basis to view the 3D building model not merely as the source for 2D plan generation. By adding extra dimensions like Time and Cost to the 3D building model it becomes possible to generate dynamic information on building construction progress with regards to used material, resources and cost. These additional benefits are key elements to many planners and contractors and may therefore widen the acceptance of 3D building modeling in general.}, subject = {Bauindustrie}, language = {en} } @article{Voronin1997, author = {Voronin, V. P.}, title = {Renovation's peculiarities of industrial enterprises in conditions of economic selfsufficiency}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.529}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5296}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Probleme of recrienfation of building complex, to the sharp increase of share of reconstruction works, capital repair and modernisation of in-dustrial plants are concidered in this work. The conception of develop-ment and creation of unitified system of expluatation and renovation of industrial plants are worded out. This system is based on date-computer technology and taking into conciderations of real economic relations.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @article{PickHeimsundMilbradt2004, author = {Pick, Tobias and Heimsund, Bjoern-Ove and Milbradt, Peter}, title = {Development and Analysis of Sparse Matrix Concepts for Finite Element Approximation on general Cells}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.250}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2500}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In engineering and computing, the finite element approximation is one of the most well-known computational solution techniques. It is a great tool to find solutions for mechanic, fluid mechanic and ecological problems. Whoever works with the finite element method will need to solve a large system of linear equations. There are different ways to find a solution. One way is to use a matrix decomposition technique such as LU or QR. The other possibility is to use an iterative solution algorithm like Conjugate Gradients, Gauß-Seidel, Multigrid Methods, etc. This paper will focus on iterative solvers and the needed storage techniques...}, subject = {Finite-Elemente-Methode}, language = {en} } @article{ZavadskasKaklauskasViteikiene2004, author = {Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras and Kaklauskas, Arturas and Viteikiene, Milda}, title = {Database of Best Practices and Decision Support Web-based System for Construction Innovation}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.217}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2173}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Many construction and facilities management Web sites can be found on the Internet. The interested parties on construction and facilities management Web sites can find databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, expert and decision support systems, neural networks, etc. Technological innovation mainly through changes in the availability of information and communication technology inclusive databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, neural networks, decision support and expert systems that have been provided by a variety of new services developed by the construction and facilities management sectors. Most of all calculators, analyzers, software, decision support and expert systems, neural networks and on-line systems seek to find out how to make the most economic decisions and most of all these decisions are intended only for economic objectives. Alternatives under evaluation have to be evaluated not only from the economic position, but take into consideration qualitative, technical, technological and other characteristics as well. Based on the analysis of the existing calculators, analyzers, information, expert and decision support systems, neural networks and in order to determine most efficient versions of best practices a Decision Support Web-Based System for Construction Innovation (IDSS) was developed by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{Huhnt1997, author = {Huhnt, Wolfgang}, title = {Informationstechnische Integration im Bauwesen durch Nutzung fachspezifischen Anwenderwissens}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.490}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4901}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Integrationskonzept vorgestellt, bei dem das fachspezifische Wissen des Anwenders integraler Bestandteil des Konzeptes ist. Grundgedanke des Konzeptes ist es, die Informationen vorerst im Kontext der Anwendung, mit der sie erstellt wurden, zu belassen. Die Interpretation der Informationen erfolgt durch den Anwender, der diese Informationen zur Integration nutzen m{\"o}chte. Er weiß, welche Daten er f{\"u}r seine Arbeiten ben{\"o}tigt, und er verf{\"u}gt {\"u}ber das erforderliche fachspezifische Wissen, um die Informationen anderer Bearbeiter verstehen zu k{\"o}nnen. Damit ist es nicht erforderlich, die internen Datenstrukturen einer Software zu verstehen und in einem neutralen Format zu beschreiben. Die Integration erfolgt interaktiv am Bildschirm durch den Anwender. Das vorgestellt Konzept wird in den Kontext der in der Literatur beschriebenen Integrationskonzepte eingegliedert. Hierzu werden die Integrationskonzepte klassifiziert. Die Klassifikation erfolgt auf der Grundlage der Software-Architekturen. Das vorgestellte Integrationskonzept wird am Beispiel der Angebotsbearbeitung im Bauwesen konkretisiert.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {de} } @article{GalffyWellmannJelicHartmann2004, author = {Galffy, Mozes and Wellmann Jelic, Andres and Hartmann, Dietrich}, title = {Lifetime-oriented modelling of vortex-induced across-wind vibrations on bridge tie rods}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.253}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2536}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The influence of vortex-induces vibrations on vertical tie rods has been proved as a determinant load factor in the lifetime-oriented dimensioning of arched steel bridges. Particularly, the welded connection plates between the suspenders and the arches often exhibit cracks induced primarily rods. In this context, the synchronization of the vortex-shedding to the rod motion in a critical wind velocity range, the so-called lock-in effect, is of essential interest.}, subject = {Finite-Elemente-Methode}, language = {en} } @article{VogelBreitMaerki2004, author = {Vogel, Manfred and Breit, Manfred and M{\"a}rki, Fabian}, title = {Optimization of 4D Process Planning using Genetic Algorithms}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.236}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2360}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The presented work focuses on the presentation of a discrete event simulator which can be used for automated sequencing and optimization of building processes. The sequencing is based on the commonly used component-activity-resource relations taking structural and process constraints into account. For the optimization a genetic algorithm approach was developed, implemented and successfully applied to several real life steel constructions. In this contribution we discuss the application of the discrete event simulator including its optimization capabilities on a 4D process model of a steel structure of an automobile recycling facility.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{NgoRueppel1997, author = {Ngo, D. Q. and R{\"u}ppel, Uwe}, title = {BINAS - Ein Entscheidungshilfesystem f{\"u}r die Bestandsanalyse von Bauwerken}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.499}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4994}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Bauwerke sind in ihrer Betriebszeit vielen nutzungseinschr{\"a}nkenden Einfl{\"u}ssen ausgesetzt. Die dadurch erforderliche Instandhaltung dient zur Gew{\"a}hrleistung und zur Erh{\"o}hung der geplanten Nutzungsf{\"a}higkeit sowie Dauerhaftigkeit von Bauwerken. Sie spielt eine immer gr{\"o}ßere Rolle im Bauwesen. Die Kosten der Bauwerksinstandhaltung betragen je nach Art des Bauwerkes in Deutschland pro Jahr ca. 1-6\% des Wiederbeschaffungswertes. Die Reduzierung des Instandhaltungsaufwandes durch Technik- und Management-Maßnahmen ist daher wirtschaftlich sinnvoll. Der Einsatz moderner Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie auf dem Gebiet der Bestandsaufnahme und -analyse ist erforderlich, um einerseits die Bearbeitung von multimedialen Informationen {\"u}ber Ist- und Soll-Zust{\"a}nde von Bauwerken effektiver durchzuf{\"u}hren und um andererseits die Analyse von Sch{\"a}den im Sinne einer Entscheidungshilfe zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Durch den Einsatz der WWW-Technologie kann die Bearbeitung auch verteilt im Datennetz {\"u}ber ferne Rechner hinweg erfolgen. Im Beitrag werden die Konzeptionierung und Implementierung des WWW-f{\"a}higen DV-Systems BINAS zur Unterst{\"u}tzung der Bestandsaufnahme und -analyse sowie die daf{\"u}r erforderlichen Methoden und Werkzeuge vorgestellt.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {de} } @article{Wiedemann1997, author = {Wiedemann, A.}, title = {Digital Architectural Photogrammetry for Building Registration}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.489}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4892}, year = {1997}, abstract = {For many purposes geometric information about existing buildings is necessary, e.g. planing of conservation or reconstruction. Architectural photogrammetry is a technique to acquire 3D geometric data of buildings for a CAD model from images. In this paper the state of the art in architectural photogrammetry and some developments towards automation are described. The photogrammetric process consists of image acquisition, orientation and restitution. Special attention is put on digital methods, from digital image acquisition to restitution methods, supported by digital image processing. There are a few field of development towards automation, e.g. feature extraction, extraction of edges and lines and the detection of corresponding points. The acquired data may be used in a CAD environment or for visualization in Virtual Reality Models, using digital orthoimages for texture mapping.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @article{PalaneeswaranKumaraswamyNg2004, author = {Palaneeswaran, Ekambaram and Kumaraswamy, Mohan and Ng, Thomas}, title = {Knowledge Management for Small and Medium Contractors}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.258}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2582}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Effective knowledge management is increasingly considered as a cornerstone of sustainable business success. Knowledge management systems are strategically valuable for both ensuring consistency and continuous improvement of various aspects such as quality delivery, productivity and competitiveness. The small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the construction industry are mostly operating under tighter timeframes, narrower profit margins and more constrained resources. Hence the recently commenced SMILE-SMC (Strategic Management with Information Leveraged Excellece for Small and Medium Contractors) project aims to support the information and knowledge management needs of the small and medium contractors in Hong Kong. This paper presents some snapshots on the SMILE-SMC project, and its conceptualized deliverables with some highlights of recent developments.}, subject = {Wissensmanagement}, language = {en} } @article{SteinmannHuebler1997, author = {Steinmann, Frank and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard}, title = {Vorgehensmodelle als Basis der Gestaltung durchgaengiger CAD-Systeme}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.456}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4568}, year = {1997}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Gestaltung einer durchg{\"a}ngigen Unterst{\"u}tzung des Entwurfsprozesses stehen gegenw{\"a}rtig deskriptive Modelle der Entwurfsobjekte im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchungen. Diese Modelle gestatten das Ableiten von Repr{\"a}sentationen sowie eine Weitergabe von Entwurfsergebnissen. Pragmatische Gliederungen des Entwurfsprozesses unterteilen diesen nach organisatorischen und betriebswirtschaftlichen Aspekten (Planbarkeit und Abrechenbarkeit) in eine Sequenz von Entwurfsphasen (HOAI). Diese Gliederungen ber{\"u}cksichtigen nicht das WIE des eigentlichen modellkreierenden Schaffensprozesses. F{\"u}r ein echtes CADesign bildet dessen Kl{\"a}rung jedoch die erforderliche Voraussetzung. Im Beitrag wird dazu von einem vereinheitlichten Set generischer Entwurfsaktionen ausgegangen. Auch dann, wenn die verschiedenen Entwurfsphasen und die Entwurfshandlungen der einzelnen Ingenieurgewerke mit spezifische Entwurfsmodellen verbunden werden, besteht damit eine Grundlage zur methodischen Fundierung entsprechender CAD-Tools. Die methodische Verfahrensweise {\"a}hnelt der, die in Form von Styleguides zur Gestaltung von 'Graphical User Interfaces' vorgeschlagen wird. Wesentliche praktische Benutzungen solche Basisaktivit{\"a}ten ergeben sich f{\"u}r: die Systematisierung computergest{\"u}tzter Entwurfshandlungen, insbesondere durch Erweiterung des deskriptiven um ein operationales Modell sowie deren erweiterte Interpretierbarkeit die Erzeugung wissensbasierter Werkzeuge zur automatischen Modellgenerierung/-konfiguration die Implementation von leistungsf{\"a}higen UNDO- bzw. TMS-Mechanismen.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {de} } @article{GeibigSchnellenbachHeld2004, author = {Geibig, Oliver and Schnellenbach-Held, Martina}, title = {Implementation of an Agent-based Bidding Consortium in the Architecture of an Agent-based Virtual Marketplace}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.221}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2214}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In this research project we intend to transfer the whole AEC-Bidding process to an agent-based virtual marketplace. Hereby, the existing legal regulations have to be considered. Important aspects in developing the virtual marketplace are to provide the possibility to realize an agentbased bidding consortium as well as to integrate subcontractors.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{VenturinoRaciti1997, author = {Venturino, Ezio and Raciti, F.}, title = {Quaternion methods for random matrices in quantum physics}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.502}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5029}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The theory of random matrices, or random matrix theory, RMT in what follows, has been developed at the beginning of the fties to describe the sta- tistical properties of energy levels of complex quantum systems, [1], [2], [3]. In the early eighties it has enjoyed renewed interest since it has been recognized as a very useful tool in the study of numerous physical systems. Specically, it is very useful in the analysis of chaotic quantum systems. In fact, in the last years many papers appeared about the problem of quantum chaos which implies the quantization of systems whose underlying classical dynamics is irregular (i.e. chaotic). The simplest models considered in this eld are billi- ards of various shapes. From the the classical point of view, a point particle in a 2-dimensional billiard displays regular or irregular motion depending on the shape of the billiard; for instance motion in a rectangular or circular billi- ard is regular thanks to the symmetries of the boundary. On the other hand, billiards of arbitrary shapes imply chaotic motion, i.e. exponential diver- gence of initially nearby trajectories. In order to study quantum billiards we have to consider the Schroedinger equation in various 2-dimensional domains. The eigenvalues of the Schroedinger equation represent the allowed energy levels of our quantum particle in the billiard under consideration, while the eigenfunction norms represent the probability density of nding the particle in a certain position. The question of quantum chaos is whether the charac- ter of the classical motion (regular or chaotic) can in uence some properties}, subject = {Quantenphysik}, language = {en} } @article{ChangChangHuang2004, author = {Chang, Chihyuan and Chang, Yuanchu and Huang, Shyhmeng}, title = {Application of a Agent Mechanism to the Small-scale Maintenance of School Buildings}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.216}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2165}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper presents an agent-based software, Virtual Administrator System (VAS) for the smallscale maintenance of school buildings. VAS is capable of handling a heavy load of routine, lowtech maintenance jobs. It assigns a different priority to each job application according to its significance and urgency, and automatically adjusts schedules for maintenance engineers when on-site supervision is needed. The system can help ease off the burden of routine small-scale maintenance work, making it more cost-effective and efficient in the overall management of school building maintenance. VAS posts jobs on the Web in a multi-media format and classified all applications into four categories: the on-call maintenance contract, the term maintenance contract, the guaranty maintenance contract, and the regular maintenance contract. It then estimates their urgency level and passes the information to maintenance engineers who will decide whether on-site inspection is needed. Based on the engineers' feedback, VAS automatically implements the scheduling for inspection as well as sends out real-time or batch notifications to contractors. All these activities are recorded in a database to allow continuous research and data mining and the analysis and diagnosis of specific jobs for followup maintenance plans.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{GongHuangChen2004, author = {Gong, Dejun and Huang, Limang and Chen, Xi}, title = {Research and Application on Highway Construction Visual Management Information System based on the Network and GIS}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.266}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2661}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper introduced the research and application of the highway construction management information integrated system. Explained the development and application of highway survey applet run on mobile telephone supporting Java and the technique of transmitting engineering data by GPRS wireless network technology. And expounded the development and application of highway engineering construction field data collecting software run on Pocket-PC. Recommended the technique of engineering long distance data transmitting based on C/S structure adopting VPN (Virtual Private Networks) technology. Especially expatiated on the research on the platform of highway construction management information integrated system adopting geography information system (GIS) technique, database technique and network technique. And said all to subsystem about bid manage, contract management, engineering design drawing, engineering survey calculation, measure and pay, data processing on engineering experiment, quantity assessing, project plan and progress, engineering document management etc. Besides? proposed highway construction project visual analysis and inquiry system based on Web-GIS; Explained the research and application of highway engineering construction OA based on B/S structure; real-time workflow and information processing such as the management of administration, business and procedure of authorization and information distribution. At last, the author described the prospect of the application of C/S and B/S structure in trade software development in the highway construction management.}, subject = {Geoinformationssystem}, language = {en} } @article{AlbertFreischladPullmann2004, author = {Albert, Andrej and Freischlad, Mark and Pullmann, Torben}, title = {Acquisition of Conceptual Design Knowledge in Structural Engineering}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.215}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2154}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Expert systems integrating fuzzy reasoning techniques represent a powerful tool to support practicing engineers during the early stages of structural design. In this context fuzzy models have proved themselves to be very suitable for the representation of complex design knowledge. However their definition is a laborious task. This paper introduces an approach for the design and the optimization of fuzzy systems based upon Genetic Programming. To keep the emerging fuzzy systems transparent a new framework for the definition of linguistic variables is also introduced.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @article{MonobeTanakaFuruta2004, author = {Monobe, Kantaro and Tanaka, Shigenori and Furuta, Hitoshi}, title = {Development of a System for Making Guide Maps based on the Idea of the Cognitive Map}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.268}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2688}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Digital maps are very easily applied as route guide maps. Route guide maps are provided through Web or a mobile phone services, and demand for such services is increasing. However, the production of a route guide map requires a great deal of time. Therefore, it is difficult for general users to make route guide maps. The purpose of the present research is the development of a system that can generate a route guide map using the Digital Map 2500 (Spatial Data Framework) published by the Geographical Survey Institute. This system will not require advanced equipment or expert knowledge. Therefore, anyone can produce route guide maps easily and quickly. By using the Digital Map 2500, the time and cost required in order to generate a map are reduced. Moreover, a useful route guide map can be created by simplifying the map form based on the human cognitive map.}, subject = {Geoinformationssystem}, language = {en} } @article{Krzizek1997, author = {Krzizek, H.}, title = {Zur bauingenieurgerechten Speicherung von Entwurfspl{\"a}nen des konstruktiven Ingenieurbaues in Datenbanken}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.485}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4850}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Es wird gezeigt, daß im allgemeinen die Zeichnungsinhalte von Entwurfspl{\"a}nen im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau in Teilzeichnungen zerlegt werden k{\"o}nnen, denen fachspezifische Objekte des Bauwesen entsprechen. Solche Objekte sind beispiels- weise Querschnitte, Tr{\"a}ger, St{\"u}tzen und Fundamente. Diese Teilobjekte werden durch eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Parametern festgelegt werden. W{\"a}hlt man f{\"u}r diese Parameter die entsprechendnen Fachbegriffe, so hat man durch diese die M{\"o}glichkeit die Teilobjekte auch in Datenbanken zu speichern. Neben den Sachparametern m{\"u}ssen auch zeichnungs- technische Werte, wie Maßstab, gew{\"a}hlte L{\"a}ngeneinheiten (m,cm..) und Einsatzpunkt - f{\"u}r die Lage des Teilobjektes im Gesamtplan - gespeichert werden. Zeichenmodule f{\"u}r jedes Teilobjekt k{\"o}nnen dann bei Aufruf eines bestimmten Planes aus den Daten der Datenbank die Teilzeichnungen generieren, sodaß eine Planspeicherung in der {\"u}bliche Speicherform (Speicherelemente Punkt, Linie usw.) nicht mehr erforderlich ist. Neben der reinen Darstellung k{\"o}nnen die Programmodule auch dahingehend erweitert werden, daß auch die zugeh{\"o}rigen Berechnungen durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Die numerischen Ergebnisse wie auch die Eingabewerte werden in einem alfanumerischen Dokument abgelegt. Damit ergibt sich dann ein Konstruktionsystem f{\"u}r den Entwurf, das insbesondere die Berechnung von Varianten sehr erleichertert. In Sonderf{\"a}llen k{\"o}nnen auch die Pl{\"a}ne in ein Standard CAD Programm eingelesen werden, um allf{\"a}llige Besonderheiten interaktiv zu erg{\"a}nzen. Das relationale Modell wird weiters vorgestellt, nach dem die Zeichnungsinhalte gespeichert werden. Neben reinen Teilobjekts{\"a}tzen werden auch Tabellens{\"a}tze verwendet, um unter einem Namen mehrere numersiche Daten verwalten zu k{\"o}nnen. Es werden auch sogenannte Fort- setzungss{\"a}tze besprochen, die in Entsprechung der stark unterschiedlichen Anzahl der Objektattibute verwendet werden.}, subject = {Ingenieurbau}, language = {de} } @article{GirlichKovalevZaporozhets1997, author = {Girlich, E. and Kovalev, M. and Zaporozhets, A.}, title = {Standardization problem: Ressource Allocation in a Network}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.517}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5172}, year = {1997}, abstract = {We consider the standardization problem (SP) which can be formulated as follows. It is known demand bi in each type i in {1, 2, ..., n} of items. Production of yi items of the ith type brings a profit fi (yi), where fi is a nondecreasing concave function for each i in {1, 2, ..., n}.It is necessary to satisfy the demand and to maximize the total profit provided that there exist >standardization possibilities< . These possibilities means that some types of items can be replaced by some another types. We introduce generalized standardization problem (GSP) in which titems demand is given as the set of admissible demand vectors. We show that GSP and SP are special cases of the resource allocation problem over a network polymatroid. Ibasing on this observation we propose a polynomial time solution algorithm for GSP and SP.}, subject = {Ressourcenallokation}, language = {en} } @article{SellerhoffMilbradtLippert1997, author = {Sellerhoff, F. and Milbradt, Peter and Lippert, C.}, title = {Ein dimensionsunabh{\"a}ngiges topologisches Modell auf der Basis von Simplexen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.461}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4616}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Die geometrische Modellierung hat in den Ingenieurwissenschaften eine große Bedeutung erlangt. Die Visualisierung von zwei- oder dreidimensionalen Problemstellungen ist aus heutigen Anwendungen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Zunehmend r{\"u}cken Aufgabenstellungen aus dem Bereich der geometrischen Modellierung in den Vordergrund, die {\"u}ber die etablierten Dimensionen 1-3 hinausgehen und die nicht mehr rein geometrischer Natur sind. Hierzu z{\"a}hlen Aufgabenstellungen aus den Bereichen numerische Simulation, Parameteridentifikation und Strukturanalyse. Auf diese nicht-geometrischen Aufgabenstellungen sollen geometrische Verfahren, wie z.B. Triangulation, konvexe H{\"u}lle, geometrischer Schnitt und Interpolation angewendet werden. Hierzu werden diese Algorithmen, die alle auf der klassischen Geometrie des euklidischen Raumes beruhen, auf ihre {\"U}bertragbarkeit hin analysiert und {\"u}berarbeitet. Am Beispiel einer Parameteridentifikation wird eine systematische Vorgehensweise vorgestellt, die es erm{\"o}glicht, trotz weniger Versuchsrechnungen den Bereich der in Frage kommenden Parameter umfassend zu beschreiben. Dies erm{\"o}glicht ein besseres Verst{\"a}ndnis der Zusammenh{\"a}nge der Parameter untereinander. H{\"a}ufig existieren mehr als eine Parameterkombination, so daß diese eine Isolinie formen, die ihrerseits unendlich viele L{\"o}sungen des gestellten Problemes im Untersuchungsgebiet beschreibt.}, subject = {Parameteridentifikation}, language = {de} } @article{KraftWilhelms2004, author = {Kraft, Bodo and Wilhelms, Nils}, title = {Interactive Distributed Knowledge Support for Conceptual Building Design}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.209}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2094}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In our project, we develop new tools for the conceptual design phase. During conceptual design, the coarse functionality and organization of a building is more important than a detailed worked out construction. We identify two roles, first the knowledge engineer who is responsible for knowledge definition and maintenance; second the architect who elaborates the conceptual design. The tool for the knowledge engineer is based on graph technology, it is specified using PROGRES and the UPGRADE framework. The tools for the architect are integrated to the industrial CAD tool ArchiCAD. Consistency between knowledge and conceptual design is ensured by the constraint checker, another extension to ArchiCAD.}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{MoellerBeerGrafetal.1997, author = {M{\"o}ller, B. and Beer, M. and Graf, W. and Hoffmann, Alfred}, title = {Sicherheitsbeurteilung von Tragwerken mit Fuzzy-Modellen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.462}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4625}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Die Sicherheit von Tragwerken h{\"a}ngt von der zuverl{\"a}ssigen Modellierung s{\"a}mtlicher Tragwerksparameter ab. {\"U}blicherweise werden diese Parameter als deterministische oder stochastische Gr{\"o}ßen beschrieben. Stochastische Gr{\"o}ßen sind Zufallsgr{\"o}ßen, die unscharfe Informationen {\"u}ber Tragwerksparameter mit Hilfe von Dichtefunktionen erfassen. Nicht alle unscharfen Tragwerksparameter lassen sich als Zufallsgr{\"o}ßen darstellen. Sie k{\"o}nnen jedoch als Fuzzy-Gr{\"o}ßen modelliert werden. Fuzzy-Gr{\"o}ßen beschreiben unscharfe Tragwerksparameter als unscharfe Menge mit Bewertungsfunktion (Zugeh{\"o}rigkeitsfunktion). Die Fuzzy-Modellierung im Bauingenieurwesen umfaßt die Fuzzifizierung, die Fuzzy-Analyse, die Defuzzifizierung und die Sicherheitsbeurteilung. Sie erlaubt es, Tragwerke mit nicht-stochastischen unscharfen Eingangsinformationen zu untersuchen. Nicht-stochastische Eingangsinformationen treten sowohl bei bestehenden als auch bei neuen Tragwerken auf. Die unscharfen Ergebnisse der Fuzzy-Modellierung gestatten es, das Systemverhalten zutreffender zu beurteilen; sie sind die Ausgangspunkte f{\"u}r eine neue Sicherheitsbeurteilung auf der Grundlage der M{\"o}glichkeitstheorie. Bei der Fuzzy-Analyse ist die alpha-Diskretisierung vorteilhaft einsetzbar. Bei fehlender Monotonie der deterministischen Berechnungen und unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Nichtlinearit{\"a}t wird die Fuzzy-Analyse mit Optimierungsalgorithmen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Zwei Beispiele werden diskutiert: die L{\"o}sung eines transzendenten Eigenwertproblems und eines linearen Gleichungssystems. Die Systemantworten der Fuzzy-Analyse werden der Sicherheitsbeurteilung zugrunde gelegt. F{\"u}r ausgew{\"a}hlte physikalische Gr{\"o}ßen werden Versagensfunktionen definiert. Diese bewerten die M{\"o}glichkeit des Versagens. Mit Hilfe von Min-max-Operationen der Fuzzy-Set-Theorie erh{\"a}lt man aus Versagensfunktion und Fuzzy-Antwort die Versagensm{\"o}glichkeit bzw. die {\"U}berlebensm{\"o}glichkeit. Die ermittelte Versagensm{\"o}glichkeit repr{\"a}sentiert die subjektive Beurteilung der M{\"o}glichkeit, daß das Ereignis \&qout;Versagen\&qout; eintritt. Beispiele zeigen die Unterschiede zwischen der Sicherheitsbeurteilung mittels Fuzzy-Modells und mittels deterministischen Modells.}, subject = {Tragwerk}, language = {de} } @article{PerepelitsaPinchukSergeevaetal.1997, author = {Perepelitsa, V. A. and Pinchuk, V. P. and Sergeeva, L. N. and Pozdnjakova, A. J.}, title = {Fractal Graphs and their Properties}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.516}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5166}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The idea of representing urban structure and various communication systems (water and energy supply, telephone and cable TV networks) as fractal objects is not absolutely new. However, known works, devoted to this problem use models and approaches from fractal physics. For example, to simulate urban growth Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) model and Dielectric Breakdown (DB) model are used. This study introduces a different approach. Net structure of communication system is described by a graph of special type called regular G(l,r,n)-graph. Authors provide description of such graph, develop iterative process for its generation and prove its self-similarity, i.e. that every regular graph is a pre-fractal. After the infinite number of steps this process generates a fractal. The devised algorithm for generation and grathical representation of regular G(l,r,n)-graphs with different values of l,r and n has been programmed to receive computer simulations. For optimal graphic presentation of pre-fractals the Optimal Space Ordering method was suggested. It is based on the minimization of the >graph energy< value about vertices' coordinates. The effective procedure for optimization was developed that takes into account specific properties of graph energy as objective function For the fractal graph introduced the Hausdorff-Besikovich and similarity dimensions were calculated. It has been shown that >graph energy< is directly related to the graph's fractal properties. For G(3,3,n) and G(4,4,n) graphs fractal dimensions calculated by different methods are the same (D=1,5 and D=2 respectively), while topological dimension of both graphs is 1.}, subject = {Versorgungsnetz}, language = {en} } @article{BakurovaPerepelitsaZin'kovskaya1997, author = {Bakurova, A. V. and Perepelitsa, V. A. and Zin'kovskaya, J. S.}, title = {Research of Stability of Vector Problem of spanning Tree with topological Criteria}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.515}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5159}, year = {1997}, abstract = {A multicriterial statement of the above mentioned problem is presented. It differes from the classical statement of Spanning Tree problem. The quality of solution is estimated by vector objective function which contains weight criteria as well as topological criteria (degree and diameter of tree). Many real processes are not determined yet. And that is why the investigation of the stability is very important. Many errors are connected with calculations. The stability analysis of vector combinatorial problems allows to discover the value of changes in the initial data for which the optimal solution is not changed. Furthermore, the investigation of the stability allows to construct the class of the problems on base of the one problem by means of the parameter variations. Analysis of the problems with belong to this class allows to obtaine axact and adecuate discription of model}, subject = {Spannender Baum}, language = {en} } @article{KoikeMorimotoImamura2004, author = {Koike, Hirotaka and Morimoto, Akinori and Imamura, Maki}, title = {A Study on the Relationships of Residential Electricity Consumption and Automobile Energy Consumption with Urban Forms Using GIS}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.269}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2690}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In this Paper, we explored the relation between the electricity consumption in residential sector and the automobile energy consumption in transportation sector in accordance with the location of city by employing Geographic Information System (GIS). We found in the study that the electricity consumption per capita has a tendency that is higher in city center and lower in suburbs in Utsunomiya city. It is also noted that there is little difference among total consumption between city center and suburbs, despite the fact that the density of electric appliances tends to increase in a small size house of city center and the amount of automobile energy consumption from residence is lower in city center than in suburbs.}, subject = {Geoinformationssystem}, language = {en} } @article{KoikeMorimotoNomura2004, author = {Koike, Hirotaka and Morimoto, Akinori and Nomura, Kazuhiro}, title = {Development of Urban Land Use Model to Compare Transit-Oriented and Automobile-Oriented Cities}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.262}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2621}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This study is an attempt to develop a simple simulation model that can compare the differences between automobile-oriented and transit-oriented cities, and clarify the difference between city forms by transportation modes. Following a theoretical model development, a series of simulation runs are tried. The model allocates people who commute to CBD from residential zones along a transportation corridor. As a result of many simulation analyses, it is shown that automobiles need much more traffic space in comparison with the transit as is shown by the proposed traffic space ratio both in CBD and along the corridor.}, subject = {Verkehrsplanung}, language = {en} } @article{OsadaKoikeMorimoto2004, author = {Osada, Teppei and Koike, Hirotaka and Morimoto, Akinori}, title = {Research on Establishment of a Standard of Traffic Impact Assessment with Integrated Database System}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.264}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2647}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Planning support systems, such as geographical information system (GIS) and traffic flow simulation models, are widely in use in recent urban planning research. In this paper we propose a method to apply traffic impact assessment (TIA) to large-scale, commercial developments. In TIA research we often encounter the problem of increasing amount of data that is necessary for detailed investigation and analysis, as the scale of commercial developments become larger and more complex. As a result, TIA presents two problems. The first problem is the difficulty of data acquisition. The second problem is the reliability of data. As a solution, we developed an integrated database system.}, subject = {Verkehrsplanung}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderBeucke1997, author = {Schneider, Ulrich and Beucke, Karl}, title = {Standardisierung der Kommunikation als Integrationsansatz f{\"u}r das Bauwesen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.548}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5483}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Eine der wichtigsten Aufgaben und Herausforderungen der Bauinformatik ist gegenw{\"a}rtig die Realisierung des durchg{\"a}ngigen, fach{\"u}bergreifenden Datenflusses im Planungsprozeß eines Bauvorhabens. Im Hinblick auf die internationale Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit der deutschen Bauwirtschaft ist es unumg{\"a}nglich, vorhandene Effizienzpotentiale in der Bauplanung auszusch{\"o}pfen, welche durch eine qualitative Verbesserung der Planung sowie durch eine Verringerung der Bearbeitungszeit aller beteiligten Fachplanern erreicht werden k{\"o}nnen. Nach dem gegenw{\"a}rtigen Stand der Technik werden die Informationsobjekte standardisiert, damit sie durchg{\"a}ngig nutzbar sind. Diese werden in einem allgemeing{\"u}ltigen Format den speziellen Programmen der Fachplaner zur Verf{\"u}gung gestellt. In dieser Arbeit wird der Ansatz verfolgt, eine Integration durch die Standardisierung der Kommunikation zwischen den Informationsobjekten und ihren Anwendungsprogrammen zu erreichen. Dabei kann auf die Standardisierung der zu {\"u}bertragenden Objekte verzichtet werden. Ziel der Ausarbeitung ist die Definition von implementationstechnischen Regeln, die alle auszutauschenden Objekte sowie die Anwendungen, die solche Objekte aufnehmen wollen, erf{\"u}llen m{\"u}ssen. Die Bearbeitung der Objekte soll in den gewohnten Anwendungen in unver{\"a}nderter Weise erfolgen.}, subject = {Bauwesen}, language = {de} } @article{StrukeljSkrinar1997, author = {Strukelj, A. and Skrinar, Matjaz}, title = {The Evaluation of the Dynamical Soil-Bridge Interaction}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.539}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5397}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the design of a structure, the implementation of reliable soil-foundation-structure interaction into the analysis process plays a very important role. The paper presents a determination of parameters of a suitably chosen soil-foundation model and their influence on the structure response. Since the mechanical data for the structure can be determined with satisfactory accuracy, the properties of the soil-foundation model were identified using measured dynamic response of the real structure. A simple model describing soil-foundation structure was incorporated into the classical 3-D finite element analysis of the structure with commercial software. Results obtained from the measured data on the pier were afterwards compared with those obtained with the finite model of the pier-foundation-soil structure. On the basis of this comparison the coefficients describing the properties in the soil-foundation model were adjusted until the calculated dynamic response coincided with the measured ones. In this way, the difference between both results was reduced to 1\%. Full-scale tests measuring eigenmotion of the bridge were performed through all erection stages of the new bridge in Maribor. In this way an effective and experimentally verified 3-D model for a complex dynamic analysis of the bridge under the earthquake loading was obtained. The significant advantage of the obtained model is that it was updated on the basis of the dynamic measurements thus improving the model on the basis of in-situ geomechanical measurements. The model is very accurate in describing the upper structure and economical in describing the soil mass thus representing an optimal solution regarding computational efforts.}, subject = {Boden-Bauwerk-Wechselwirkung}, language = {en} } @article{MelnikovKadashevichSemenov1997, author = {Melnikov, B. E. and Kadashevich, I. Y. and Semenov, Artem}, title = {Damage of Metalworkses under the Complex Varying Loading}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.540}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5409}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The phenomenological and computational aspects of the various damage models applications for the low and multi cyclic fatigue processes are investigated. Damage is considered as internal state variable, describing macroscopic effects of the progressive material degradation, within the framework of continuum damage mechanics. Present analysis is restricted to the case of isotropic damage, which can be modeled by a scalar variable. The strain, force and power types of kinetic equations for the damage evolution description are considered. The original mixed strain-power type damage model is developed for taking into account the different physical fracture mechanism in monotone and cyclic loading. The constitutive equations of plastic flow theory coupled and uncoupled to damage has been considered. The rational algorithm of implementation into finite element code is considered for developed damage models. Set of the computational experiments has been carried out for the various structures (huge aerials, pipelines, fastening units, vessel of nuclear reactor) and cases of loading. The comparison of the predictions of the developed model with experimental data is performed for 1X18H10T steel tubular specimens for complex paths of loading and for complex profiles beams under cyclic loading. Damage field distribution is the basic information for the prediction of crack initiation in structures. The developed method of structural parameter for stress concentration zones is discussed for correcting of crack location. It allows to describe the crack initiation near surface domain as observe in numerous experiments.}, subject = {Stahlkonstruktion}, language = {en} } @article{Routmann1997, author = {Routmann, Y. L.}, title = {Pseudorigidity method for solving the problem of limit equilibrium of rigid-plastic constructions}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.544}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5447}, year = {1997}, abstract = {1.Design calculations , based upon the theory elasticity , cannot completely satisfy engineers and designers , because cannot answer to basic question about overload capability . Only design calculations of limit equilibrium of rigid-plastic constructions can answer to this question completely enough. As a rule , such design calculations are made issue from hypothesis, that material of construction has rigid-plastic diagram Prandtl .This scheme of calculation gives qualitatively more correct results, then usual calculation, based upon law Hooke's , and allows more really estimate ultimate strength of construction due to different loads. Universal algorithms for solving the problem of limit equilibrium have been created since the middle of the 60's.These algorithms are based upon two basic theorems about limit analysis - static and kinetics. It was found , that with the help of above-mentioned theorems the problem of limit equilibrium can be formulated as a problem of linear programming (for linear yield) or nonlinear programming (for yield Guber-Mizes). The method of linear programming conformably to calculation of rod systems got the most development in the reports Prager W. [1] and Chiras A. [ 2 ]. The method of linear programming conformably to plates and shells was widely used by Rganizin A.[3]. [3[ contains more full bibliography about this problem. Calculation of limit equilibrium with the help of linear and nonlinear programming has a few significant lacks: - complexity and laboriousness preliminary preparation of problem for PC; - necessity to use special program means , which are not in usual program packet for strength analysis. Author worked out a new method about design calculation of limit equilibrium without above-mentioned lacks . The method is based upon analogy of relations between internal generalized efforts and generalized deformations in elastic system and between generalized efforts and velocities of change generalized deformations in rigid-plastic system. Because later rigid-plastic deformation would be treated as an elastic deformation in the system with special constructed rigidities , this method could be called >pseudorigidity method<.}, subject = {Plastizit{\"a}tstheorie}, language = {en} } @article{PiskunovMarchuk1997, author = {Piskunov, V. G. and Marchuk, A. V.}, title = {Model of stressed-strained State of Multilayer Masses with regard for Non-Ideal Contact of Layers}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.542}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5427}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Thus, mathematical model stressed- strained of a condition of layered masses is constructed. The model has high accuracy. It allows to simulate slippery contact of layers without friction. Thus not the order of permitting system of the equations is increased, and at its realization the method of fenite elements does not increase quantity of required degrees freedom. The differential operators included in system the equations are similar known in the classical theory of shells. It facilitates construction of a finite element. Presence in system of the differential equations of derivative of external forces allows to use her for the decision of contact problems with a stain of contact commensurable with thickness of a masses.}, subject = {Geschichtetes Medium}, language = {en} } @article{KochkarovPopovaZinchenko1997, author = {Kochkarov, A. M. and Popova, E. V. and Zinchenko, O. A.}, title = {Multicriteria problems of regulation when planning building processes}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.545}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5454}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the rpocess of project construction organization under conditions of limited resources the problem of investor arises, which in onecriteria setting is as follows N invsted projects reindexed i=1,2,...,n are considered, initial parameters of the problem are:- duraion of iproject construction, - expected profit per unit of time from i project after putting it info operation ,-the time fixed , after the expiry of it a fine is paid for each overdued unit of time units in number. The investor resources are limited, i.e., at every moment of time investor can provid delivering of necessary resources only for one project .Any admissible problem decision of investor represents one of n! permutation of of numbers 1,2,..,n. X={x}-is the set of all admissible solutions (SAS) of this problem . In works of different authors the quality of decision is evaluated either by objective function (OF) of the type MINSUM where,by the objective function of the of the type MINMAX}, language = {en} } @article{SalpagarovaTemirbulatov1997, author = {Salpagarova, A. A. and Temirbulatov, P. I.}, title = {On one systemic Development of the Problem of Allocation}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5431}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Problem of discretic programming in conditions of manycriterial is considered. Set of work, being subject to fulfilment, is available. Are certain also: set of the executors; set, machines; set of resources (materials, semifinished items and etc.) and other set. As a functional complex name set, which will be formed, when on one representative of each of the specified sets is nominated to one working place. The allowable decision of a examined problem represents set of not crossed complexes provided that, for each working place one functional complex is certain in the accuracy. The elementary case of a formulated above problem is known under the name >a problem about purposes< [1], when the complex is defined as a pair >an executor - working place<. In case of three-element complexes we come to a problem about three-combinations. In a general case the complex consists from m of elements and the problem of formation of m-element complexes is formulated on the m-colour column.}, subject = {Entscheidung bei mehrfacher Zielsetzung}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzKirschkeSchatter1997, author = {Schulz, Thomas and Kirschke, Heiko and Schatter, G.}, title = {Das Internet als Basis f{\"u}r die Produktinformation im Bauwesen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.546}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5468}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Die Gesamtheit der Produktinformationen im Bauwesen stellt sich als sehr inkonsistente und redundante Informationsmenge dar. Die Hersteller stehen vor der Aufgabe, diese Produktinformationen nicht nur in der {\"u}blichen Katalogform sondern auch in neuen Medien wie CD-ROM und WWW zu publizieren. Einmal betriebener Erfassungsaufwand muß sich dabei durch eine einfache Mehrfachverwendung der Daten rentieren. Wegen seiner technologischen Eigenschaften eignet sich das WWW sehr gut als prim{\"a}re Quelle f{\"u}r Produktinformationen. Vor allem wegen der m{\"o}glichen Aktualit{\"a}t sollte es Grundlage f{\"u}r Publikationen in den anderen Medien sein. Mit verh{\"a}ltnism{\"a}ßig geringem Aufwand lassen sich die WWW-Pr{\"a}sentation von Produktdaten so strukturieren, daß eine automatisierte Erfassung und Verarbeitung dieser Daten vereinfacht wird. So kann die Datenkonsistenz von der visuellen Pr{\"a}sentation in herk{\"o}mmlichen Katalogen bis zur automatisch erstellten Produktdatenbank durchg{\"a}ngig gesichert werden. Vor dem Hintergrund der von Schnittstellenproblemen, heterogener Softwarestruktur und unzureichender Ausnutzung der M{\"o}glichkeiten der Informatik gekennzeichneten Situation im Bauwesen wird in generalisierter Ansatz mittels SGML vorgestellt. Mit einem derartigen Datenangebot werden neue, verteilte und vernetzte Anwendungen auf Grundlage derselben Produktdaten erm{\"o}glicht.}, subject = {Bauwesen}, language = {de} } @article{SemenovMelnikov1997, author = {Semenov, Artem and Melnikov, B. E.}, title = {Multimodel Numerical Analysis of the Elasto-Visco-Plastic Deformation of Materials and Constructions}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.528}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5282}, year = {1997}, abstract = {At the present time there is no a generally accepted theory of visco-plasticity which is applicable for a wide class of materials and arbitrary paths of loading. The multimodel approach, based on the creation of hierarchical sequence of the models, is the most rational. The developed library of elasto-visco-plastic models includes both simplest and sophistic models demanding numerous experimental data. A unified general form of constitutive equations for all used elasto-visco-plastic models are presented based upon the concept of tensorial internal state variables. It permits to use unified algorithm of boundary tasks solution for different variants of material models. The developed selection criteria system generates the necessary conditions and provides the choice of the simplest variant of theory sufficient for correct problem solution. Formulation of the selection criteria system is based on peculiarities of viscoplastic materials behavior for the wide range thermomechanical loading and numerous computational experiments with structures different complexity levels. A set of effective schemes of integration stress-strain relations and non-linear finite element system solution are discussed for the considered class of material models. Application possibility of different material models is studied both for material element and for complicated structures. Application of the multimodel approach in numerical computations has demonstrated possibility of reliable prediction of stress-strain response under wide variety of combined loading.}, subject = {Stoffgesetz}, language = {en} } @article{MelnikovSemenov2004, author = {Melnikov, B. E. and Semenov, Artem}, title = {Application of Multimodel Method of Elasto-Plastic Analysis for the Multilevel Computation of Structures}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.248}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2487}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Creation of hierarchical sequence of the plastic and viscoplastic models according to different levels of structure approximations is considered. Developed strategy of multimodel analysis, which consists of creation of the inelastic models library, determination of selection criteria system and caring out of multivariant sequential clarifying computations, is described. Application of the multimodel approach in numerical computations has demonstrated possibility of reliable prediction of stress-strain response under wide variety of combined nonproportional loading.}, subject = {Finite-Elemente-Methode}, language = {en} } @article{KashiyamaHamadaTaniguchi2004, author = {Kashiyama, Kazuo and Hamada, Hidetaka and Taniguchi, Takeo}, title = {Large Scale Finite Element Simulation and Modeling Using GIS/CAD for Environmental Flows in Urban Area}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.267}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2675}, year = {2004}, abstract = {A large-scale computer modeling and simulation method is presented for environmental flows in urban area. Several GIS and CAD data were used for the preparation of shape model and an automatic mesh generation method based on Delaunay method was developed. Parallel finite element method based on domain decomposition method was employed for the numerical simulation of natural phenomena. The present method was applied to the simulation of flood flow and wind flow in urban area. The present method is shown to be a useful planning and design tool for the natural disasters and the change of environments.}, subject = {Geoinformationssystem}, language = {en} } @article{MenzelMahdaviHartkopfetal.1997, author = {Menzel, Karsten and Mahdavi, A. and Hartkopf, V. and Lee, S.}, title = {Information technology for construction management and building performance evaluation support - a North-American perspective}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.491}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4917}, year = {1997}, abstract = {We provide a critical overview of the current status of computational support for construction the management and building performance evaluation in North-America. This overview is based on the research conducted in relation to the design and construction of the Intelligent Workplace (IW), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. With regard to the commercial software products in the field of construction management the following limitations can be identified: Although project planning, cost estimating and construction simulation are supported, tasks like bidding as well as site and material management have not received the same level of attention. Few project management software packages are integrated in a total design support software system. Little analysis or evaluation options are provided to support managerial decision making. Various research groups address the construction planning and scheduling, construction contracting, site layout generation as well as the integration of these three topics. Currently problems such as efficient material management and calculation of environmental and energy responsive site management are insufficiently addressed within the ongoing research projects. In the domain of building performance simulation and decision support one can notice that, the development and application of computational tools is industry driven. As a result the concerns addressed by the tools are mainly issues pertaining to the selection and sizing of systems and components rather than an integrated performance evaluation. Consequently, these programs are rarely used by building designers, especially in the early design stages, where the predictive capabilities of simulation tools could be of significant value. Although many research institutions address the necessity for the integration of performance simulation within the overall design support environments most of the practically available performance simulation tools still remain mono-dimensional and isolated.}, subject = {Bauausf{\"u}hrung}, language = {en} } @article{KazakevitchKulyabkoDubichvost1997, author = {Kazakevitch, M. I. and Kulyabko, V. V. and Dubichvost, A. A.}, title = {The discrete dynamic Models of the Interaction of complex - composite Structures with the dynamic Loads}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.521}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5219}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the given paper the generalized formulation of the problem of computer modelling of the complex-composite structure interaction with different types of dynamic loads and effects is discussed. Here the analysis is given as for the usage of some universal computing systems for the solution of such problems. Also if is shown that the quantification of the dynamic models of the complex-composite systems with the variable structure, depending on the character and intensivity of the effects, is necessary. The different variants of the joint and the space structure element modelling are gested. It allows to consider the complex modes of the joint bending-torsional oscillations of such structures as bridges, towers, high-rise buildings. The peculiarities of the modelling and testing of some problems of the objects aerodynamics and the interaction of the frameworks constructions with shock and movable loads are considered. In this paper the examples of the complex-composite structure dynamic analysis are shown. It is achieved by means of some special methods of the input of the real inducements and loads of the exploitated analog-object into the computing model. The suggested models found a wide use both at the design of new structures and the dynamic monitoring of the exploitated structures.}, subject = {Verbundtragwerk}, language = {en} } @article{KaemmererHempel1997, author = {K{\"a}mmerer, Lutz and Hempel, Lorenz}, title = {Eine Heuristik zur L{\"o}sung von Stapelproblemen}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.520}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5207}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Bei der Betrachtung von Stapelproblemen ergibt sich unter anderem folgendes Problem: Ein gegebener Stapel - bestehend aus den Elementen v i der Menge V - soll an anderer Stelle in einer vorgeschriebenen, ver{\"a}nderten Struktur wieder aufgebaut werden. Dazu stehen Hilfsstapelpl{\"a}tze zur Verf{\"u}gung. Die Optimierung dieses Problems hinsichtlich der Anzahl der ben{\"o}tigten Hilfsstapelpl{\"a}tze ist NP-vollst{\"a}ndig. Es werden Erfahrungen mit einem Branch-and-Bound Algorithmus zur L{\"o}sung des Problems vorgestellt sowie ein heuristischer Algorithmus diskutiert}, subject = {Stapelproblem}, language = {de} } @article{KrebsBrueck1997, author = {Krebs, F. and Br{\"u}ck, E.}, title = {3D-Computergrafik und -animation als Instrument der Visualisierung im Bereich Entwurf und Denkmalpflege}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.523}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5235}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Seit mehreren Jahren wird im Fachbereich Gestaltung, Studiengang Innenarchitektur 3D-Computergrafik und -animation in Lehrveranstaltungen ausgebildet und in Projekt- und Diplomarbeiten als Darstellungsmedium angewandt. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellen dabei die 3D-Visualisierungen von historischen Geb{\"a}uden dar. Mit den beiden nachfolgenden Beispielen soll der Einsatz und die curricularen Verkn{\"u}pfung der CA-Technologie mit Studienarbeiten und Projekten zum Thema >Denkmalpflege< aufgezeigt werden. Rekonstruktion und Visualisierung des ehemaligen >Jagdschlosses Platte< bei Wiesbaden. Mit Unterst{\"u}tzung einer Kunsthistorikerin wurde in einer Studienarbeit das im Krieg zerst{\"o}rte ehemalige Jagdschloß im Computer nachgebildet. Neben der Darstellung des Geb{\"a}ude{\"a}ußeren und des zentralen Innenbereiches wurde eine Animation {\"u}ber die Triangulierung der klassizistischen Geometrie erstellt. Umnutzung historischer Bausubstanz am Beispiel der ehemaligen Klostersanlage >Schiffenberg< bei Gießen. Im Rahmen einer Projektarbeit wurden mehrer Konzepte entwickelt, Entw{\"u}rfe erstellt und mittels Computeranimationen {\"o}ffentlich pr{\"a}sentiert. In Kooperation mit dem Studiengang Fernsehtechnik (FH-Wiesbaden) wurde von zwei Studenten eine Videodokumentation {\"u}ber den gesamten Projektverlauf erstellt. Neben dem Aufzeigen der Arbeitsprozesse und dem Vorstellen des Lehrkonzeptes f{\"u}r die curriculare Einbindung der CA-Technologie werden aktuelle Studienergebnisse anhand von Videoprojektionen vorgestellt.}, subject = {Architektur}, language = {de} } @article{WernerEshete1997, author = {Werner, F. and Eshete, T.}, title = {Grundlagen zur Methodik der Verschneidung stahlbautypischer K{\"o}rper in einem CAD-System}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.460}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4601}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Der Effekt des praktischen Einsatzes von CAD-Systemen im Stahlbau ersch{\"o}pft sich heute weitgehend in einer Verbesserung der Qualit{\"a}t der Planungsunterlagen und in der Verk{\"u}rzung der Bearbeitungszeiten. Dabei ist bei schwierigen individuellen Konstruktionen die Einsparung an Arbeitszeit oft nicht sehr markant gegen{\"u}ber einer traditionellen Arbeitsweise. Die dreidimensionale Erfassung, Speicherung und Verarbeitung von Konstruktionsdaten im Rechner verlangt neben gr{\"o}ßeren Rechenleistungen neue Verfahren f{\"u}r die Behandlung dieser Daten. Die M{\"o}glichkeiten der Automatisierung stahlbautypischer Produktionsvorg{\"a}nge und einer variablen, computergest{\"u}tzten Planung erfordern wissenschaftlich-technische Betrachtungen des Gesamtproblems. Ausgehend von den Anforderungen des Stahlbaus wird ein neues dreidimensionales Volumenmodell f{\"u}r den rechnergest{\"u}tzten Entwurf und die Konstruktion erarbeitet. Es werden grundlegende Methoden zur Problembehandlung aufgezeigt. Die Methodik basiert im wesentlichen auf der Methode der Inzidenz-Matrizen, um die Beziehungen zwischen topologischen und geometrischen Informationen eines K{\"o}rpers darzustellen. Die Ermittlung der lokalen Mannigfaltigkeiten wird mit dem Euler-Polyedersatz verglichen und an Beispielen demonstriert. Eine neue Methode zur Ermittlung der lokalen Mannigfaltigkeiten wird dargestellt. Stahlbauspezifische Konstruktionen werden erzeugt und ihre Gestalt nach Anforderungen ver{\"a}ndert. Im besonderen werden stahlbauspezifische Ausklinkungen und Verschneidungen erarbeitet und an Beispielen pr{\"a}sentiert.}, subject = {Stahlbau}, language = {de} } @article{TolokTolokGomenyuk1997, author = {Tolok, V. A. and Tolok, A. V. and Gomenyuk, S. I.}, title = {The instrumental System of Mechanics Problems Analysis of the deformed Solid Body}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.536}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5361}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the abstract proposed is the Instrumental System of mechanics problems analysis of the deformed solid body. It supplies the researcher with the possibility to describe the input data on the object under analyses and the problem scheme based upon the variational principles within one task. The particular feature of System is possibility to describe the information concerning the object of any geometrical shape and the computation sheme according to the program defined for purpose. The Methods allow to compute the tasks with indefinite functional and indefinite geometry of the object (or the set of objects). The System provides the possibility to compute the tasks with indefinite sheme based upon the Finite Element Method (FEM). The restrictions of the System usage are therefore determined by the restrictions of the FEM itself. It contrast to other known programms using FEM (ANSYS, LS-DYNA and etc) described system possesses more universality in defining input data and choosing computational scheme. Builtin is an original Subsytem of Numerical Result Analuses. It possesses the possibility to visualise all numerical results, build the epures of the unknown variables, etc. The Subsystem is approved while solving two- and three-dimensional problems of Elasticiti and Plasticity, under the conditions of Geometrical Unlinearity. Discused are Contact Problems of Statics and Dynamics.}, subject = {Festk{\"o}rpermechanik}, language = {en} }