@article{Hanna, author = {Hanna, John}, title = {Computational Modelling for the Effects of Capsular Clustering on Fracture of Encapsulation-Based Self-Healing Concrete Using XFEM and Cohesive Surface Technique}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {Volume 12, issue 10, article 5112}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/app12105112}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220721-46717}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {The fracture of microcapsules is an important issue to release the healing agent for healing the cracks in encapsulation-based self-healing concrete. The capsular clustering generated from the concrete mixing process is considered one of the critical factors in the fracture mechanism. Since there is a lack of studies in the literature regarding this issue, the design of self-healing concrete cannot be made without an appropriate modelling strategy. In this paper, the effects of microcapsule size and clustering on the fractured microcapsules are studied computationally. A simple 2D computational modelling approach is developed based on the eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) and cohesive surface technique. The proposed model shows that the microcapsule size and clustering have significant roles in governing the load-carrying capacity and the crack propagation pattern and determines whether the microcapsule will be fractured or debonded from the concrete matrix. The higher the microcapsule circumferential contact length, the higher the load-carrying capacity. When it is lower than 25\% of the microcapsule circumference, it will result in a greater possibility for the debonding of the microcapsule from the concrete. The greater the core/shell ratio (smaller shell thickness), the greater the likelihood of microcapsules being fractured.}, subject = {Beton}, language = {en} } @article{Koenig, author = {K{\"o}nig, Reinhard}, title = {Interview on Information Architecture}, series = {Swiss Architecture in the Moving Image}, journal = {Swiss Architecture in the Moving Image}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.2507}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20180422-25078}, pages = {151 -- 154}, abstract = {Interview on Information Architecture}, subject = {Architektur}, language = {en} } @article{SirtlHadlichKrausetal., author = {Sirtl, Christin and Hadlich, Christiane and Kraus, Matthias and Osburg, Andrea}, title = {Determination of Bonding Failures in Transparent Materials with Non-Destructive Methods - Evaluation of Climatically Stressed Glued and Laminated Glass Compounds}, series = {World Journal of Engineering and Technology}, volume = {2018}, journal = {World Journal of Engineering and Technology}, number = {Vol. 6, No 2}, doi = {10.4236/wjet.2018.62020}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20180606-37526}, pages = {315 -- 331}, abstract = {As part of an international research project - funded by the European Union - capillary glasses for facades are being developed exploiting storage energy by means of fluids flowing through the capillaries. To meet highest visual demands, acrylate adhesives and EVA films are tested as possible bonding materials for the glass setup. Especially non-destructive methods (visual analysis, analysis of birefringent properties and computed tomographic data) are applied to evaluate failure patterns as well as the long-term behavior considering climatic influences. The experimental investigations are presented after different loading periods, providing information of failure developments. In addition, detailed information and scientific findings on the application of computed tomographic analyses are presented.}, subject = {Klebtechnik}, language = {en} } @article{KoenigSchneider, author = {K{\"o}nig, Reinhard and Schneider, Sven}, title = {Nutzerinteraktion bei der computergest{\"u}tzten Generierung von Layouts}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.1652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20120509-16524}, abstract = {Das vorliegende Arbeitspapier besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Thematik der Nutzerinteraktion bei computerbasierten generativen Systemen. Zun{\"a}chst wird erl{\"a}utert, warum es notwendig ist, den Nutzer eines solchen Systems in den Generierungsprozess zu involvieren. Darauf aufbauend werden Anforderungen an ein interaktives generatives System formuliert. Anhand eines Systems zur Generierung von Layouts werden Methoden diskutiert, um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich insbesondere evolution{\"a}re Algorithmen f{\"u}r ein interaktives entwurfsunterst{\"u}tzendes System eignen. Es wird kurz beschrieben, wie sich Layoutprobleme durch eine evolution{\"a}re Strategie l{\"o}sen lassen. Abschließend werden Fragen bez{\"u}glich der grafischen Darstellung von Layoutl{\"o}sungen und der Interaktion mit dem Dargestellten diskutiert.}, subject = {Interaktion}, language = {de} } @article{HijaziKoenigSchneideretal., author = {Hijazi, Ihab Hamzi and K{\"o}nig, Reinhard and Schneider, Sven and Li, Xin and Bielik, Martin and Schmitt, Gerhard and Donath, Dirk}, title = {Geostatistical Analysis for the Study of Relationships between the Emotional Responses of Urban Walkers to Urban Spaces}, series = {International Journal of E-Planning Research}, journal = {International Journal of E-Planning Research}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.2602}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20160622-26025}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {The described study aims to find correlations between urban spatial configurations and human emotions. To this end, the authors measured people's emotions while they walk along a path in an urban area using an instrument that measures skin conductance and skin temperature. The corresponding locations of the test persons were measured recorded by using a GPS-tracker (n=13). The results are interpreted and categorized as measures for positive and negative emotional arousal. To evaluate the technical and methodological process. The test results offer initial evidence that certain spaces or spatial sequences do cause positive or negative emotional arousal while others are relatively neutral. To achieve the goal of the study, the outcome was used as a basis for the study of testing correlations between people's emotional responses and urban spatial configurations represented by Isovist properties of the urban form. By using their model the authors can explain negative emotional arousal for certain places, but they couldn't find a model to predict emotional responses for individual spatial configurations.}, subject = {Geografie}, language = {en} } @article{StaubachMachacekSkowroneketal.2020, author = {Staubach, Patrick and Machacek, Jan and Skowronek, Josefine and Wichtmann, Torsten}, title = {Vibratory pile driving in water-saturated sand: Back-analysis of model tests using a hydro-mechanically coupled CEL method}, series = {Soils and Foundations}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Soils and Foundations}, number = {Volume 61, Issue 1}, publisher = {Elsevier, Science Direct}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.sandf.2020.11.005}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210203-43571}, pages = {144 -- 159}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The development of a hydro-mechanically coupled Coupled-Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method and its application to the back-analysisof vibratory pile driving model tests in water-saturated sand is presented. The predicted pile penetration using this approachis in good agreement with the results of the model tests as well as with fully Lagrangian simulations. In terms of pore water pressure, however, the results of the CEL simulation show a slightly worse accordance with the model tests compared to the Lagrangian simulation. Some shortcomings of the hydro-mechanically coupled CEL method in case of frictional contact problems and pore fluids with high bulk modulus are discussed. Lastly, the CEL method is applied to the simulation of vibratory driving of open-profile piles under partially drained conditions to study installation-induced changes in the soil state. It is concluded that the proposed method is capable of realistically reproducing the most important mechanisms in the soil during the driving process despite its addressed shortcomings.}, subject = {Plastische Deformation}, language = {en} } @article{LashkarAraKalantariSheikhKhozanietal., author = {Lashkar-Ara, Babak and Kalantari, Niloofar and Sheikh Khozani, Zohreh and Mosavi, Amir}, title = {Assessing Machine Learning versus a Mathematical Model to Estimate the Transverse Shear Stress Distribution in a Rectangular Channel}, series = {Mathematics}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Mathematics}, number = {Volume 9, Issue 6, Article 596}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/math9060596}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20210504-44197}, pages = {15}, abstract = {One of the most important subjects of hydraulic engineering is the reliable estimation of the transverse distribution in the rectangular channel of bed and wall shear stresses. This study makes use of the Tsallis entropy, genetic programming (GP) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) methods to assess the shear stress distribution (SSD) in the rectangular channel. To evaluate the results of the Tsallis entropy, GP and ANFIS models, laboratory observations were used in which shear stress was measured using an optimized Preston tube. This is then used to measure the SSD in various aspect ratios in the rectangular channel. To investigate the shear stress percentage, 10 data series with a total of 112 different data for were used. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that the most influential parameter for the SSD in smooth rectangular channel is the dimensionless parameter B/H, Where the transverse coordinate is B, and the flow depth is H. With the parameters (b/B), (B/H) for the bed and (z/H), (B/H) for the wall as inputs, the modeling of the GP was better than the other one. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the use of GP and ANFIS algorithms is more effective in estimating shear stress in smooth rectangular channels than the Tsallis entropy-based equations.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} } @article{HarirchianKumariJadhavetal., author = {Harirchian, Ehsan and Kumari, Vandana and Jadhav, Kirti and Raj Das, Rohan and Rasulzade, Shahla and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {A Machine Learning Framework for Assessing Seismic Hazard Safety of Reinforced Concrete Buildings}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {Volume 10, issue 20, article 7153}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/app10207153}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20201022-42744}, pages = {18}, abstract = {Although averting a seismic disturbance and its physical, social, and economic disruption is practically impossible, using the advancements in computational science and numerical modeling shall equip humanity to predict its severity, understand the outcomes, and equip for post-disaster management. Many buildings exist amidst the developed metropolitan areas, which are senile and still in service. These buildings were also designed before establishing national seismic codes or without the introduction of construction regulations. In that case, risk reduction is significant for developing alternatives and designing suitable models to enhance the existing structure's performance. Such models will be able to classify risks and casualties related to possible earthquakes through emergency preparation. Thus, it is crucial to recognize structures that are susceptible to earthquake vibrations and need to be prioritized for retrofitting. However, each building's behavior under seismic actions cannot be studied through performing structural analysis, as it might be unrealistic because of the rigorous computations, long period, and substantial expenditure. Therefore, it calls for a simple, reliable, and accurate process known as Rapid Visual Screening (RVS), which serves as a primary screening platform, including an optimum number of seismic parameters and predetermined performance damage conditions for structures. In this study, the damage classification technique was studied, and the efficacy of the Machine Learning (ML) method in damage prediction via a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was explored. The ML model is trained and tested separately on damage data from four different earthquakes, namely Ecuador, Haiti, Nepal, and South Korea. Each dataset consists of varying numbers of input data and eight performance modifiers. Based on the study and the results, the ML model using SVM classifies the given input data into the belonging classes and accomplishes the performance on hazard safety evaluation of buildings.}, subject = {Erdbeben}, language = {en} } @article{HarirchianJadhavMohammadetal., author = {Harirchian, Ehsan and Jadhav, Kirti and Mohammad, Kifaytullah and Aghakouchaki Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {A Comparative Study of MCDM Methods Integrated with Rapid Visual Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing RC Structures}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {Volume 10, issue 18, article 6411}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/app10186411}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20200918-42360}, pages = {24}, abstract = {Recently, the demand for residence and usage of urban infrastructure has been increased, thereby resulting in the elevation of risk levels of human lives over natural calamities. The occupancy demand has rapidly increased the construction rate, whereas the inadequate design of structures prone to more vulnerability. Buildings constructed before the development of seismic codes have an additional susceptibility to earthquake vibrations. The structural collapse causes an economic loss as well as setbacks for human lives. An application of different theoretical methods to analyze the structural behavior is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, introducing a rapid vulnerability assessment method to check structural performances is necessary for future developments. The process, as mentioned earlier, is known as Rapid Visual Screening (RVS). This technique has been generated to identify, inventory, and screen structures that are potentially hazardous. Sometimes, poor construction quality does not provide some of the required parameters; in this case, the RVS process turns into a tedious scenario. Hence, to tackle such a situation, multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods for the seismic vulnerability assessment opens a new gateway. The different parameters required by RVS can be taken in MCDM. MCDM evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making in several fields. This paper has aimed to bridge the gap between RVS and MCDM. Furthermore, to define the correlation between these techniques, implementation of the methodologies from Indian, Turkish, and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) codes has been done. The effects of seismic vulnerability of structures have been observed and compared.}, subject = {Erdbebensicherheit}, language = {en} } @article{HarirchianLahmer, author = {Harirchian, Ehsan and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {Improved Rapid Visual Earthquake Hazard Safety Evaluation of Existing Buildings Using a Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Model}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {Volume 10, Issue 3, 2375}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/app10072375}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20200331-41161}, pages = {14}, abstract = {Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) is a procedure that estimates structural scores for buildings and prioritizes their retrofit and upgrade requirements. Despite the speed and simplicity of RVS, many of the collected parameters are non-commensurable and include subjectivity due to visual observations. This might cause uncertainties in the evaluation, which emphasizes the use of a fuzzy-based method. This study aims to propose a novel RVS methodology based on the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) to set the priority of vulnerable building to undergo detailed assessment while covering uncertainties and minimizing their effects during evaluation. The proposed method estimates the vulnerability of a building, in terms of Damage Index, considering the number of stories, age of building, plan irregularity, vertical irregularity, building quality, and peak ground velocity, as inputs with a single output variable. Applicability of the proposed method has been investigated using a post-earthquake damage database of reinforced concrete buildings from the Bing{\"o}l and D{\"u}zce earthquakes in Turkey.}, subject = {Fuzzy-Logik}, language = {en} }