@inproceedings{ZwoelferThomasSchinketal.2004,
  author    = {Zw{\"o}lfer, Michael and Thomas, Peter and Schink, Claus-J{\"u}rgen and Koch, Volker},
  title     = {Life cycle optimized system solutions for densified housing with massive wood technology},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.98},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-980},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The objective of the joint project 'Life cycle optimised system solutions for densified housing with massive wood technology', short form Basys, was the development and application of an open building system for sustainable construction in a virtual enterprise. Four partners coming from building economy and a university institute developed the building system in a comprehensive planning process. By applying massive wood technology, most requirements of densified housing can be met and individual buildings can be produced on demand.},
  subject      = {Lebenszyklus <Wirtschaft>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZavadskasKaklauskasViteikiene2004,
  author    = {Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras and Kaklauskas, Arturas and Viteikiene, Milda},
  title     = {Database of Best Practices and Decision Support Web-based System for Construction Innovation},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.217},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2173},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Many construction and facilities management Web sites can be found on the Internet. The interested parties on construction and facilities management Web sites can find databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, expert and decision support systems, neural networks, etc. Technological innovation mainly through changes in the availability of information and communication technology inclusive databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, neural networks, decision support and expert systems that have been provided by a variety of new services developed by the construction and facilities management sectors. Most of all calculators, analyzers, software, decision support and expert systems, neural networks and on-line systems seek to find out how to make the most economic decisions and most of all these decisions are intended only for economic objectives. Alternatives under evaluation have to be evaluated not only from the economic position, but take into consideration qualitative, technical, technological and other characteristics as well. Based on the analysis of the existing calculators, analyzers, information, expert and decision support systems, neural networks and in order to determine most efficient versions of best practices a Decision Support Web-Based System for Construction Innovation (IDSS) was developed by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZavadskasKaklauskas2004,
  author    = {Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras and Kaklauskas, Arturas},
  title     = {Civil Engineering Decision Support Systems in Lithuania},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.257},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2579},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Civil engineering decision support systems (construction, building life cycle, refurbishment, total quality management, innovation, etc.) created in Lithuania are described in this paper. The above decision support systems comprise of the following constituent parts: data (database and its management system), models (model base and its management system) and a user interface. Presentation of information in databases may be in conceptual (digital, textual, graphical, photographic, video) and quantitative forms. Quantitative information presented involves criteria systems and subsystems, units of measurement, values and initial weight fully defining the variants provided. The databases were developed providing a multiple criteria analysis of alternatives from economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative, legislative, social and other perspectives. This information is provided in a user-oriented way. Since the analysis of alternatives is usually performed by taking into account economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative and other factors, a model-base include models which enable a decision maker to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the variants available and make a proper choice. These systems, related questions and practical case study were analysed the paper.},
  subject      = {Wissensmanagement},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ZarliStorerKazi2004,
  author    = {Zarli, Alain and Storer, Graham and Kazi, Abdul Samad (Sami)},
  title     = {Building a Better Future: Major Results from the ICCI Cluster Project},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.199},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1994},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {To support research in the building sector and in order to help it move towards a new digital economy, the European Commission under the 5th Framework initiative, especially the IST programme, funded various RTD projects. The opportunity to bring these IST projects together was acknowledged so that stronger links can be created under a clustering umbrella and that, moreover, links of those projects with their RTD environment could be facilitated. This has been the objective of work carried out within the ICCI (IST-2001-33022) Cluster project. This paper introduces the main aims and objectives of the project, and then presents its principal outcomes. In a second part, it synthesises the underlying concepts, technology and tools that will make ICT-based Construction a reality in a near future, and gives recommended actions for the industry, the EC and the Construction ICT R\&D in Europe, giving some benefit of this project experience to the three communities.},
  subject      = {Forschung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Zaneldin2004,
  author    = {Zaneldin, Essam},
  title     = {Investigate the Impact of Different Resource Allocation Strategies on the Design of Building Projects Using Simulation},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.165},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1658},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The design of building projects involves several types of resources such as architects, structural engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, and draftsmen, among others. For design firms to stay in business in this very competitive market, they need to manage their resources in a way that improves productivity and cost effectiveness. This task, however, is not simple and requires thorough analysis of process-level operations, resource use, and productivity. Typically, these operational aspects are the responsibility of the design office manager who assigns available resources to the different design projects to save time and lower design expenses. It is noted that limited studies have been carried out in the literature to model overall organizational operations and behavioral aspects, particularly in firms specialized in the design of building projects. In an effort to simplify the modeling process, a simplified modeling and simulation tool is used in this research. A simulation model representing an actual design office was developed assuming that the office performs designs for small, medium, and large size building projects. The developed model was used to simulate several alternatives and examine various resource assignment strategies. The simulation was conducted over ten years and the resulting productivity and income was measured.},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{YamabeKawamuraTani2004,
  author    = {Yamabe, Yuichiro and Kawamura, Hiroshi and Tani, Akinori},
  title     = {Optimal Design for Recurrent Architecture Network Harmonized with Circulation-type Societies by Applying Genetic Algorithms to Multiagent Model},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.189},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1892},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this paper, a circulation-type society is expressed by recurrent architecture network described with multi-agent model which consists of the following agents: user, builder, reuse maker, fabricator, waste disposer, material maker and earth bank (see Fig.1). Structural members, materials, resources and monies move among these agents. Each agent has its own rules and aims, regarding structural damages, lifetime, cost reduction, numbers of structural members and structural systems. Reasonable prices of members (fresh, reused, recycled and disposed) can be optimized by GAs in this system considering equal distribution of monies among agents.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{YahiaouiHensenSoethout2004,
  author    = {Yahiaoui, Azzedine and Hensen, Jan and Soethout, Luc},
  title     = {Developing CORBA-based distributed control and building performance environments by run-time coupling},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.134},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1347},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Communication software and distributed applications for control and building performance simulation software must be reliable, efficient, flexible, and reusable. This paper reports on progress of a project, which aims to achieve better integrated building and systems control modeling in building performance simulation by run-time coupling of distributed computer programs. These requirements motivate the use of the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), which offers sufficient advantage than communication within simple abstraction. However, set up highly available applications with CORBA is hard. Neither control modeling software nor building performance environments have simple interface with CORBA objects. Therefore, this paper describes an architectural solution to distributed control and building performance software tools with CORBA objects. Then, it explains how much the developement of CORBA based distributed building control simulation applications is difficult. The paper finishes by giving some recommendations.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YabukiYoshimura2004,
  author    = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Yoshimura, Yutaka},
  title     = {An Evaluation System for Steel Structures of Hydroelectric Power Stations based on Fault Tree Analysis and Performance Maps},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.256},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2564},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an evaluation system for steel structures of hydroelectric power stations, including hydraulic gates and penstocks, based on Fault Tree Analyasis (FTA) and performance maps. This system consists of fault tree diagrams of FTA, performance maps, design and analysis systems, and engineerin databases. These four modules are integrated by appropriate hyperlinks so that the user of this system can use it easily and seamlessly. A well developed system was applied to some illustrative example cases, and they showed that the developed methodology and system worked well and the users found the system useful and effective for their maintenance tasks at powerstations.},
  subject      = {Wissensmanagement},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YabukiKotaniShitani2004,
  author    = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Kotani, Jun and Shitani, Tomoaki},
  title     = {A Steel Bridge Design System Architecture using VR-CAD and Web Service-based Multi-Agents},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.214},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2146},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a new design environment based on Multi-Agents and Virtual Reality (VR). In this research, a design system with a virtual reality function was developed. The virtual world was realized by using GL4Java, liquid crystal shutter glasses, sensor systems, etc. And the Multi-Agent CAD system with product models, which had been developed before, was integrated with the VR design system. A prototype system was developed for highway steel plate girder bridges, and was applied to a design problem. The application verified the effectiveness of the developed system.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{XieIssaO'Brien2004,
  author    = {Xie, Haiyan and Issa, Raja and O'Brien, William},
  title     = {Structure of a Formal User Model for Construction Information Retrieval},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.129},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1296},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Information science researchers and developers have spent many years addressing the problem of retrieving the exact information needed and using it for analysis purposes. In informationseeking dialogues, the user, i.e. construction project manager or supplier, often asks questions about specific aspects of the tasks they want to perform. But most of the time it is difficult for the software systems to unambiguously understand their overall intentions. The existence of information tunnels (Tannenbaum 2002) aggravates this phenomenon. This study includes a detailed case study of the material management process in the construction industry. Based on this case study, the structure of a formal user model for information retrieval in construction management is proposed. This prototype user model will be incorporated into the system design for construction information management and retrieval. This information retrieval system is a user-centered product based on the development of a user configurable visitor mechanism for managing and retrieving project information without worrying too much about the underlying data structure of the database system. An executable UML model combined with OODB is used to reduce the ambiguity in the user's intentions and to achieve user satisfaction.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WilsonDamodaranOlphert2004,
  author    = {Wilson, Ian E. and Damodaran, Leela and Olphert, Wendy},
  title     = {ICT Adoption in the Construction Sector: Education and Training Issues},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.201},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2013},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Organisational and human issues have been highlighted, among other issues (ICT infrastructures, legal and contractual, etc.), as key elements in enhancing the competitiveness of the construction sector. More specifically, the importance of human resources has been recognised, especially training and professional development, in order to cultivate a stable workforce. The paper provides a review of the key training needs for the construction sector with particular reference to the uptake and exploitation of new technologies and working practices, presents an action plan to address learning and training needs, and proposes an eight-stage iterative learning and training methodology. The results will be of particular interest to managers in stakeholder organisations of all sizes throughout the sector, plus academic and research bodies intending to continue construction ICT research.},
  subject      = {Forschung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WillenbacherHuebler2004,
  author    = {Willenbacher, Heiko and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard},
  title     = {Intelligent Link-Management for the Support of Integration in Building Life Cycle},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.222},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2223},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The processes in the life cycle of buildings are characterised by highly distinct teamwork. The integration of all the distributed working participants, by providing an environment, which especially supports the communication and collaboration between the actors, is a fundamental step to improve the efficiency of the involved processes and to reduce the total costs. In this article, a link based modelling approach and its "intelligent" link management is introduced (1). This approach realises an integration environment based on a special building model that acts as a decision support system. The link-based modelling is characterised by the definition and specialisation of links between partial models. These intelligent managed links enable a very flexible and task specific data access and exchange between all the different views and partial models of the participants.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WenderDonathPetzold2004,
  author    = {Wender, Katrin and Donath, Dirk and Petzold, Frank},
  title     = {Preparation and provision of building information for planning within existing built contexts},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.182},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1829},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A prerequisite for planning within existing built contexts is precise information regarding the building substance, its construction and materials, possible damages and any modifications and additions that may have occurred during its lifetime. Using the information collected in a building survey the user should be able to "explore" the building in virtual form, as well as to assess the information contained with regard to a specific planning aspect. The functionality provided by an information module should cover several levels of information provision ranging from 'simple retrieval' of relevant information to the analysis and assessment of stored information with regard to particular question sets. Through the provision of basic functionality at an elementary level and the ability to extend this using plug-ins, the system concept of an open extendable system is upheld. Using this modular approach, different levels of information provision can be provided as required during the planning process.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WellmannJelicBaitschHartmann2004,
  author    = {Wellmann Jelic, Andres and Baitsch, Matthias and Hartmann, Dietrich},
  title     = {Distributed computing of failure probabilities for structures in civil engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.103},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1030},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this contribution the software design and implementation of an analysis server for the computation of failure probabilities in structural engineering is presented. The structures considered are described in terms of an equivalent Finite Element model, the stochastic properties, like e.g. the scatter of the material behavior or the incoming load, are represented using suitable random variables. Within the software framework, a Client-Server-Architecture has been implemented, employing the middleware CORBA for the communication between the distributed modules. The analysis server offers the possibility to compute failure probabilities for stochastically defined structures. Therefore, several different approximation (FORM, SORM) and simulation methods (Monte Carlo Simulation and Importance Sampling) have been implemented. This paper closes in showing several examples computed on the analysis server.},
  subject      = {Konzipieren <Technik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeiseKatranuschkovScherer2004,
  author    = {Weise, Matthias and Katranuschkov, Peter and Scherer, Raimar J.},
  title     = {Generic Services for the Support of Evolving Building Model Data},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.207},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2077},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Many problems related to data integration in AEC can be better tackled by an approach that takes into account the heterogeneity of tasks, models and applications but does not require continuous consistency of the evolving design data, at each data management operation. Such an approach must incorporate adequate services that can facilitate reintegration of concurrently modified data at reasonably selected coordination points. In this paper we present a set of methods which, used in combination, can achieve that goal. After a description of the principal envisaged cooperative work scenario each of these methods is discussed in detail and current observations drawn from their software realisation are given. Whilst the suggested approach is valid for any EXPRESS-based data model, the practical focus of work has been on facilitating IFC-driven integration.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WardThorpePrice2004,
  author    = {Ward, Michael and Thorpe, Tony and Price, Andrew},
  title     = {The Re-use of Site Data to Inform Business Processes},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.130},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1308},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The increased implementation of site data capture technologies invariably results in an increase in data warehousing and database technologies to store captured data. However, restricted use of data beyond the initial application could potentially result in a loss of understanding of site processes. This could in turn lead to poor decision making at production, tactical and strategic levels. Concrete usage data have been collected from two piling processes. These data have been analysed and the results highlighted potential improvements that could be made to existing site management and estimating processes. A cost benefit analysis has been used to support decision making at the strategic level where the identified improvements require capital expenditure.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Volkova2004,
  author    = {Volkova, Viktorija},
  title     = {The analysis of dynamic behaviour of pre-stressed systems under polyharmonic excitations},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.265},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2656},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Pre-stressed structural elements are widely used in large-span structures. As a rule, they have higher stiffness characteristics. Pre-stressed rods can be applied as girders of different purpose, and as their separate parts, e.g. rods of trusses and frames. Among numerous ways of prestressing the compression of girders, trusses, and frames by tightenings from high-strength materials is under common application.},
  subject      = {Verkehrsplanung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VogelBreitMaerki2004,
  author    = {Vogel, Manfred and Breit, Manfred and M{\"a}rki, Fabian},
  title     = {Optimization of 4D Process Planning using Genetic Algorithms},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.236},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2360},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The presented work focuses on the presentation of a discrete event simulator which can be used for automated sequencing and optimization of building processes. The sequencing is based on the commonly used component-activity-resource relations taking structural and process constraints into account. For the optimization a genetic algorithm approach was developed, implemented and successfully applied to several real life steel constructions. In this contribution we discuss the application of the discrete event simulator including its optimization capabilities on a 4D process model of a steel structure of an automobile recycling facility.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{vanTreeckRank2004,
  author    = {van Treeck, Christoph and Rank, Ernst},
  title     = {Analysis of building structure and topology based on Graph Theory},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.230},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2308},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Individual views on a building product of people involved in the design process imply different models for planning and calculation. In order to interpret these geometrical, topological and semantical data of a building model we identify a structural component graph, a graph of room faces, a room graph and a relational object graph as aids and we explain algorithms to derive these relations. The application of the technique presented is demonstrated by the analysis and discretization of a sample model in the scope of building energy simulation.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{vanRooyenOlivier2004,
  author    = {van Rooyen, G.C. and Olivier, A. H.},
  title     = {Notes on structural analysis in a distributed collaboratory},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.145},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1451},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The worldwide growth of communication networks and associated technologies provide the basic infrastructure for new ways of executing the engineering process. Collaboration amongst team members seperated in time and location is of particular importance. Two broad themes can be recognized in research pertaining to distributed collaboration. One theme focusses on the technical and technological aspects of distributed work, while the other emphasises human aspects thereof. The case of finite element structural analysis in a distributed collaboratory is examined in this paper. An approach is taken which has its roots in human aspects of the structural analysis task. Based on experience of how structural engineers currently approach and execute this task while utilising standard software designed for use on local workstations only, criteria are stated for a software architechture that could support collaborative structural analysis. Aspects of a pilot application and the results of qualitative performance measurements are discussed.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TsutsumiHashimoto2004,
  author    = {Tsutsumi, Kazutoshi and Hashimoto, Hiromi},
  title     = {A Development of the Building Kansei Information Retrieval System},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.188},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1884},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this research is to develop the method to retrieve a building name from the impression of the building. First, the images of the building are registered as database by the questionnaire. Next, the images of the objective building are compared with the degree of matching in image databases, and the building with high synthetic matching degree is retrieved. This system could get a good retrieval result. Moreover, image processing was done, and image databases are trained by neural network from the amount of characteristics of the image, and the retrieval system by image processing was examined.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TsouLamWong2004,
  author    = {Tsou, Jin-Yeu and Lam, Selina and Wong, Wing Kin Gary},
  title     = {Design of Rapidly Assembled Isolation Patient Ward - IT-Supported Collaborative Design Process between Architects and Medical Officers},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.174},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1748},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {An important feature of the 2003 SARS outbreak in Canada, Singapore, and Hong Kong was that many health care workers (HCWs) developed SARS after caring for patients with SARS. This has been ascribed to inadequate or ineffective patient isolation. However, it is difficult for dense cities to provide sufficient isolation facilities within a short period of time. This has raised concerns from the public for new strategies in the planning and design of isolation facilities. Considering that SARS or other infectious diseases could seriously damage our society's development, isolation facilities that could be rapidly and economically constructed with appropriate environmental controls are essential. For this reason, the design team of the Department of Architecture collaborated with a special task force from the Faculty of Medicine, who are the frontline medical officers treating the SARS patients, to design Rapidly Assembled Isolation Patient Wards. Both architecture and medicine are well established disciplines, but they have little in common in terms of the mode of knowledge construction and practice. This induced much intellectual exploration and research interest in conducting this study. The process has provided an important reference for cross disciplinary studies between the architectural and medical domains.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TonnWolkowiczThurow2004,
  author    = {Tonn, Christian and Wolkowicz, Christian and Thurow, Torsten},
  title     = {Plausibility in Architectural Design - DOMEdesign - Software Support for the formal shaping and architect-oriented design of shell structures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.181},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1812},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Complex gridshell structures used in architecturally ambitious constructions remain as appealing as ever in the public realm. This paper describes the theory and approach behind the software realisation of a tool which helps in finding the affine self-weight geometry of gridshell structures. The software tool DOMEdesign supports the formal design process of lattice and grid shell structures based upon the laws of physics. The computer-aided simulation of suspension models is used to derive structurally favourable forms for domes and arches subject to compression load, based upon the input of simple architectonic parameters. Irregular plans, three-dimensional topography, a choice different kinds of shell lattice structures and the desired height of the dome are examples of design parameters which can be used to modify the architectural design. The provision of data export formats for structural dimensioning and visualisation software enables engineers and planners to use the data in future planning and to communicate the design to the client.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ThurowDonath2004,
  author    = {Thurow, Torsten and Donath, Dirk},
  title     = {A vision of an adaptive geometry model for computer-assisted building surveying},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.172},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1722},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper describes a concept for the step-by-step computer-aided capture and representation of geometric building data in the context of planning-oriented building surveying. Selected aspects of the concept have been implemented and tested as prototypes. The process of step-by-step capture and representation is determined by the order in which the user experiences the building. Only the information that the user knows (can see) or can reasonably deduce is represented. In addition approaches to the flexible combination of different measuring techniques and geometric abstractions are described which are based upon geodetic computational adjustment.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TakagiTaniKawamura2004,
  author    = {Takagi, Kousuke and Tani, Akinori and Kawamura, Hiroshi},
  title     = {Research on Intelligent Fuzzy Optimal Active and Hybrid Control Systems of Building Structures - Verification of Optimization Method on Switching Rules of Control Forces},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.223},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2238},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Recently, many reseraches on active control systems of building structures are preformed based on modern control theory and are installed real buildings. The authors have already proposed intelligent fuzzy optimal active control (IFOAC) systems. IFOAC systems imitate intelligent activities of human brains such as prediction, adaptation, decision-kaking and so on. In IFOAC systems, objective and subjective judgements on the active control can be taken into account. However, IFOAC systems are considered to be suitable for far-field erathquake and control effect becomes small in case of near-field earthqaukes which include a few velosity pules with large amplitudes. To improve control effect in case of near-souece earthquakes, the authors have also proposed hybrid control (HC) systems, in which IFOAC systems and fuzzy control system are combined. In HC systems, the fuzzy control systems are introduced as a reflective fuzzy active control (RFAC) system and imitates spinal reflection of human. In HC systems, active control forces are activated to buildings in accordance with switching rules on active control forces. In this paper, optimizations on fuzzy control rules in RFAC system and switching rules of active control forces in HC system are performed by Parameter-Free Genetic Algorithms (PfGAs). Here, the optimization is performed by using different earthquake inputs. The results of digital simulations show that the HC system can reduce maximal response displacements under restrictions on strokes of the actuator effectively in case of a near-source earthquake and the effectiveness of the proposed HC system is discussed and clarified.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TahaSherifHegger2004,
  author    = {Taha, M. M. Reda and Sherif, Alaa and Hegger, Josef},
  title     = {A nouvelle approach for predicting the shear cracking angle in RC and PC beams using artificial neural networks},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.107},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1071},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The truss model for predicting shear resistance of reinforced concrete beams has usually been criticized because of its underestimation of the concrete shear strength especially for beams with low shear reinforcement. Two challengers are commonly encountered in any truss model and are responsible for its inaccurate shear strength prediction. First: the cracking angle is usually assumed empirically and second the shear contribution of the arching action is usually neglected. This research introduces a nouvelle approach, by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for accurately evaluating the shear cracking angle of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams. The model inputs include the beam geometry, concrete strength, the shear reinforcement ratio and the prestressing stress if any. ...},
  subject      = {Neuronales Netz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SwaddiwudhipongThoLiu2004,
  author    = {Swaddiwudhipong, Somsak and Tho, Kee Kiat and Liu, Zishun},
  title     = {Material characterization using artificial neural network},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.155},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1550},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Indentation experiments have been carried out over the past century to determine hardness of materials. Modern indentation machines have the capability to continuously monitor load and displacement to high precision and accuracy. In recent years, research interests have focussed on methods to extract material properties from indentation load-displacement curves. Analytical methods to interpret the indentation load-displacement curves are difficult to formulate due to material and geometric nonlinearities as well as complex contact interactions. In the present study, an artificial neural network model was constructed for interpretation of indentation load-displacement curves. Large strain-large deformation finite element analyses were first carried out to simulate indentation experiments. The data from finite element analyses were then used to train the artificial neural network model. The artificial neural network model was able to accurately determine the material properties when presented with load-displacement curves which were not used in the training process. The proposed artificial neural network model is robust and directly relates the characteristics of the indentation loaddisplacement curve to the elasto-plastic material properties.},
  subject      = {Neuronales Netz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Suzuki2004,
  author    = {Suzuki, Aketo},
  title     = {Numerical Analysis for Prediction as to Influence of Digging a Tunnel on Groundwater},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.113},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1133},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper describes monitoring of the in-valley discharge and underground water level at the place where the tunnel will be constructed and also, the numerical analysis for prediction applying the Tank Model and Linear Filter Method to calculate the prediction. The application of these analyses has actually allowed the change of underground water level to be grasped and more effective information system to be established by comparing the real-time monitoring data with the real-time calculation of prediction.},
  subject      = {Mobile Computing},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StaubFrench2004,
  author    = {Staub-French, Sheryl},
  title     = {Feature-based Product Modeling for Building Construction},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.233},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2331},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Current building product models explicitly represent components, attributes of components, and relationships between components. These designer-focused product models, however, do not represent many of the design conditions that are important for construction, such as component similarity, uniformity, and penetrations. Current design and construction tools offer limited support for detecting these construction-specific design conditions. This paper describes the ontology we developed using the manufacturing concept of features to represent the design conditions that are important for construction. The feature ontology provides the blueprint for the additions and changes needed to transform a standard product model into a constructionspecific product model. The ontology formalizes three classes of features, defines the attributes and functions of each feature type, and represents the relationships between features explicitly. The descriptive semantics of the ontology allows practitioners to represent their varied preferences for naming features, specifying features that result from component intersections and the similarity of components, and grouping features that affect a specific construction domain. A software prototype that implements the ontology enables practitioners to transform designer-focused product models into feature-based product models that represent the construction perspective.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SoibelmanO'BrienElvin2004,
  author    = {Soibelman, Lucio and O'Brien, William and Elvin, George},
  title     = {Collaborative Design Processes: A Class on Concurrent Collaboration in Multidisciplinary Design},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.194},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1948},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The rise of concurrent engineering in construction demands early team formation and constant communication throughout the project life cycle, but educational models in architecture, engineering and construction have been slow to adjust to this shift in project organization. Most students in these fields spend the majority of their college years working on individual projects that do not build teamwork or communication skills. Collaborative Design Processes (CDP) is a capstone design course where students from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University of Florida learn methods of collaborative design enhanced by the use of information technology. Students work in multidisciplinary teams to collaborate from remote locations via the Internet on the design of a facility. An innovation of this course compared to previous efforts is that students also develop process designs for the integration of technology into the work of multidisciplinary design teams. The course thus combines both active and reflective learning about collaborative design and methods. The course is designed to provide students the experience, tools, and methods needed to improve design processes and better integrate the use of technology into AEC industry work practices. This paper describes the goals, outcomes and significance of this new, interdisciplinary course for distributed AEC education. Differences from existing efforts and lessons learned to promote collaborative practices are discussed. Principal conclusions are that the course presents effective pedagogy to promote collaborative design methods, but faces challenges in both technology and in traditional intra-disciplinary training of students.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ShihLee2004,
  author    = {Shih, Naai-Jung and Lee, Wen-Pang},
  title     = {Particle Simulation and Evaluation of Personal Exposure to Contaminant Sources in an Elevation Space},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.237},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2376},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {An elevator, which figures a small volume, is normally used by everyone for a short period of time and equipped with simple ventilation system..Any contaminant released within it may cause serious problem. This research adapt a fire and smoke simulation software (FDS) into non-fire indoor airflow scario. Differently from previous research, particles are chosen as a risk evalution unit. A personal and multi-personal exposure model is proposed. The model takes the influence of the human thermal boundary, coughing, inhalation, exhalation, standing position, and the fan factor into account. The model is easy-to-use and suitable for the design of elevator system in practice.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SemenovBazhanMorozov2004,
  author    = {Semenov, Vitaly and Bazhan, Andrew and Morozov, Sergey},
  title     = {Distributed STEP-Compliant Platform for Multimodal Collaboration in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.261},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2616},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an innovative software platform OpenSTEP intended to build advanced distributed integrated systems and to conduct multidisciplinary collaborative projects in both academy and industry. The paper discusses an open system architecture, methodology, component library and CASE toolkit enabling the developers to build a wide range of interoperable applications and systems compliant with STEP and, particularly, with IFC becoming the increasingly important standard for information integration in architecture, engineering and construction.},
  subject      = {Framework <Informatik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SemenovAlekseevaTarlapan2004,
  author    = {Semenov, Vitaly and Alekseeva, Elena and Tarlapan, Oleg},
  title     = {Virtual Construction using Map-based Approach},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.244},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2447},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper presents a general map-based approach to prototyping of products in virtual reality environments. Virtual prototyping of products is considered as a consistent simulation and visualization process mapping the source product model into its target visual representations. The approach enables to interrelate formally the product and visual information models with each other by defining mapping rules, to specify a prototyping scenario as a composition of map instances, and then to explore particular product models in virtual reality environments by interpreting the composed scenario. Having been realized, the proposed approach provides for the strongly formalized method and the common software framework to build virtual prototyping applications. As a result, the applications gain in expressiveness, reusability and reliability, as well as take on additional runtime flexibility...},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Schweigel2004,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Schweigel, Stefan},
  title     = {Aufnahme des Baufortschritts in verteilter Umgebung},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.153},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1534},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Als Folge des hohen Termindrucks w{\"a}hrend des Bauablaufes, ist es besonders wichtig den Fortschritt eines Bauvorhabens zeitnah zu {\"u}berwachen. Auf Großbaustellen kann die effektive Kontrolle nicht mehr ohne technische Hilfsmittel durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Die Arbeit stellt verschiedene Szenarien f{\"u}r die verteilte Fortschrittserfassung vor und untersucht welche Anforderungen an ein System f{\"u}r die verteilte Erfassung gestellt werden. Dazu wird zuerst das bestehende CVS-System analysiert, um anschließend daraus ein Konzept f{\"u}r die Versionierung von Objekten und den automatischen Abgleich von Objektversionen zu entwickeln. Sp{\"a}ter wird gezeigt, wie dieses Konzept mit Hilfe von C\# und dem Microsoft®-.NET-Framework umgesetzt werden kann.},
  subject      = {Computer Supported Cooperative Work},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchnellenbachHeldHartmann2004,
  author    = {Schnellenbach-Held, Martina and Hartmann, Markus},
  title     = {Knowledge Based Systems in Distributed Desgin Environments},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.210},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2106},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Today's building industry not only demands more and more reduced construction time on building site, but also an advanced and mostly construction attendant design phase. Even though there is software available to support design processes in distributed environments, most applications only support simple document based exchange of information. In this paper a knowledge based system is presented to support cooperative, comprehensive design processes in distributed environments. The presented research project is financially supported by the German Research Community (DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Schneider2004,
  author    = {Schneider, Mike},
  title     = {Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology and its Applications in the Commercial Construction Industry},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.106},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1061},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper is a report of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and its potential applications in the commercial construction industry. RFID technology offers wireless communication between RFID tags and readers with non line-of-sight readability. These fundamental properties eliminate manual data entry and introduce the potential for automated processes to increase project productivity, construction safety, and project cost efficiency. Construction contractors, owners, and material suppliers that believe technology can further develop methods and processes in construction should feel obligated to participate in RFID studies for the advancement of the construction industry as a whole.},
  subject      = {RFID},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchleyMejstrikHolz2004,
  author    = {Schley, Frank and Mejstrik, Marcus and Holz, K.-Peter},
  title     = {Network Based Co-operation Platform for Geotechnical Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.143},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1431},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper describes an approach to support co-operation of experts in heterogeneous geotechnical engineering project environments during both regular execution and handling of exceptional situations. A co-operation platform is introduced which is based on a generalized information model mapping key information about the construction project, the construction process as well as the organization structure. Several tools are provided to operate the information model in a network based environment.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchinkKoch2004,
  author    = {Schink, Claus-J{\"u}rgen and Koch, Volker},
  title     = {Interdisciplinary Cooperation Modules in Mobile Networks},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.178},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1788},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The contribution describes the didactical integration of wireless access networks for the campus of the University of Karlsruhe in the education of architects and engineers. It focuses on the development of an interdisciplinary communication network to encourage and promote the communication and collaboration between students. The project assumes that significant learning progresses in net-based learning scenarios are based upon the synchronous and asynchronous cooperation between the students themselves. The remote cooperation across borders of disciplines makes high demands on capacity in communicating and cooperating of the involved persons as well as on the supporting tools. Therefore, the collective acquisition of knowledge and cooperation has to be trained intensively during the studies. Based on the design and project oriented cooperation platform netzentwurf.de the authors developed the tools "Jobadmin" to administrate multidisciplinary workgroups, the "Swarm Knowledge Catalogue" to collect and store knowledge and "LivingCampus", an instrument providing basic services for dynamic communication.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ScheerGama2004,
  author    = {Scheer, Sergio and Gama, Carmen L{\´u}cia G.},
  title     = {Learning objects for a teaching and learning network in structural engineering : Developing learning objects for a structural engineering educational network},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.85},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-856},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Information and Communication Technologies (ITC) in education have been extensively discussed nowadays. In this e-learning scenario, the construction and use of environments that support teaching and learning is a reality. Therefore, for time and general resource savings it is crucial the access to hypermedia contents with great interactivity and with high reusability. Substantial efforts have been centered in the search for a metadata proposal (metadata is a generic term used to describe data that can be used to identify and to describe common characteristics among different documents) that can be standardized and is system independent for the so called learning objects.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ScheerDosSantosHinks2004,
  author    = {Scheer, Sergio and Dos Santos, Aguinaldo and Hinks, John},
  title     = {An approach for promoting knowledge exchange on production practices through the Internet},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.82},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-821},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Recent research shows that current learning strategies in construction industry have not been effective in implementing lean principles in construction. With that in mind the researchers set to investigate an alternative learning strategy in order to promote learning at the international level. A web-based environment, was developed for this project with the intent of promoting learning and knowledge exchange on the theory and practice of "process transparency" across different countries.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchapkeScherer2004,
  author    = {Schapke, Sven-Eric and Scherer, Raimar J.},
  title     = {A Four Layer Bayesian Network for Product Model Based Information Mining},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.120},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1207},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Business and engineering knowledge in AEC/FM is captured mainly implicitly in project and corporate document repositories. Even with the increasing integration of model-based systems with project information spaces, a large percentage of the information exchange will further on rely on isolated and rather poorly structured text documents. In this paper we propose an approach enabling the use of product model data as a primary source of engineering knowledge to support information externalisation from relevant construction documents, to provide for domain-specific information retrieval, and to help in re-organising and re-contextualising documents in accordance to the user's discipline-specific tasks and information needs. Suggested is a retrieval and mining framework combining methods for analysing text documents, filtering product models and reasoning on Bayesian networks to explicitly represent the content of text repositories in personalisable semantic content networks. We describe the proposed basic network that can be realised on short-term using minimal product model information as well as various extensions towards a full-fledged added value integration of document-based and model-based information.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RueppelMeissnerGreb2004,
  author    = {Rueppel, Uwe and Meißner, Udo F. and Greb, Steffen},
  title     = {A Petri Net based Method for Distributed Process Modelling in Structural Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.133},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1338},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The contribution introduces a method for the distributed process modelling in order to support the process orientation in Structural Engineering, i.e., the modelling, analysis and management of planning processes. The approach is based on the Petri Net theory for the modelling of planning processes and workflows in Structural Engineering. Firstly, a central and coarse process model serves as a pre-structuring system for the detailed modelling of the technical planning activities. Secondly, the involved planning participants generate distributed process models with detailed technical workflow information. Finally, these distributed process models will be combined in the central workflow net. The final net is of great importance for the process orientation in Structural Engineering, i.e., the identification, publication, analysis, optimization and finally the management of planning processes.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RueppelKlauer2004,
  author    = {Rueppel, Uwe and Klauer, Thomas},
  title     = {Internet-based Workflow-Management for Civil Engineering Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.164},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1647},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The growing competition pressure in the building industry increases the demands on the design and construction processes in respect to economical, technical and time aspects. These demands require efficient improvements of the value-added chain, which can be realized mainly with the usage of innovative information- and communication-technologies. To support the collaboration of all participants involved in a certain building project the Workflow-Management-System "BauKom-Online" has been developed. In the focus of the system is to support the coordination of the participants and their information exchange. Such a software-method is well suited to ensure a high quality planning process. The modelling of business-processes enables a better self-comprehension of the participants work and helps to enhance the project performance. The system architecture of BauKom-Online contains two basic components: the processmodelling tool and the workflow-engine. The process-model contains of activities and states of the planning and construction processes and their relations. These connected processes compose the workflow. Such a process-model for engineering purposes has to satisfy several needs, e.g., the consideration of planning and building alternatives, dynamic changes of the model during execution of the project and the linkage to further technical objects like costs, building structure, specifications and documentmanagement. Furthermore, the scheduling of the project can be done within the process-model and can be visualized as a Gantt-diagram. ...},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RueppelGutzke2004,
  author    = {Rueppel, Uwe and Gutzke, Thomas},
  title     = {Groundwater-Monitoring based on dynamic co-operative eGovernment-Processes},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.161},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1611},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {As a result of the pilot-project "Grundwasser-Online" the supervision and the active controlling of large monitoring- and catchment-areas are realised by a co-operative integration of all related institutions, a synchronisation-process to combine all distributed data into one central server database, and a high-level eGovernment-Service to provide evaluated information over the internet. Based on this software system the local authorities are able to supervise the groundwater-levels and to find adequate decisions, which finally result in official permissions for the usage of groundwater-reservoirs by the water supply companies.},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Rose2004,
  author    = {Rose, Martin},
  title     = {Modeling of Freeway Traffic},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.263},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2639},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {An integrated modeling of freeway traffic is developed, whose implementation in an uniform computer -aided simulation model facilitate comparative evaluation and systematic coupling of several traffic simulations, traffic controls, traffic measurements and traffic scenarios. The integrated modeling of freeway traffic is a basic mapping of freeway networks, control methods, measurements and different simulations of traffic flow...},
  subject      = {Verkehrsplanung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RombergNigglvanTreeck2004,
  author    = {Romberg, Richard and Niggl, Andreas and van Treeck, Christoph},
  title     = {Structural Analysis based on the Product Model Standard IFC},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.243},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2433},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this paper we present a computer aided method supporting co-operation between different project partners, such as architects and engineers, on the basis of strictly three-dimensional models. The center of our software architecture is a product model, described by the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) of the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI). From this a geometrical model is extracted and automatically transferred to a computational model serving as a basis for various simulation tasks. In this paper the focus is set on the advantage of the fully three-dimensional structural analysis performed by p-version of the finite element analysis. Other simulation methods are discussed in a separate contribution of this Volume (Treeck 2004). The validity of this approach will be shown in a complex example.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Rodriguez2004,
  author    = {Rodriguez, Adhamina},
  title     = {Information Exchange in The Construction Industry : The Particular Case of Green Buildings},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.175},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1757},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Construction is a conservative industry that over the last twenty ye ars has experienced drastic changes in the way that interdisciplinary teams interact to design and execute a project. In this article we offer a general overview of how the main participants cooperate in the different phases of a construction project, and which are some of the main areas for communication improvement. We also explore the communication tools used in the exchange of information, and identify the main causes of information breakdown. The general framework of this study is of application to both standard and green projects. At the end of the article we discuss the peculiarities of green buildings. Our goal is to offer a series of industry insights derived from the perspective of a general contractor aimed at identifying the areas where contributions in computing and information exchange could have a greater impact on the successful completion of a project.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RobertNicoudRaphaelSmith2004,
  author    = {Robert-Nicoud, Yvan and Raphael, Benny and Smith, Ian F. C.},
  title     = {Using entropy to maximize the usefulness of data collection},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.117},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1177},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a generic methodology for measurement system configuration when the goal is to identify behaviour models that reasonably explain observations. For such tasks, the best measurement system provides maximum separation between candidate models. In this work, the degree of separation between models is measured using Shannon's Entropy Function. The location and type of measurement devices are chosen such that the entropy of candidate models is greatest. This methodology is tested on a laboratory structure and, to demonstrate generality, an existing fresh water supply network in a city in Switzerland. In both cases, the methodology suggests an appropriate set of sensors for identifying the state of the system.},
  subject      = {Mobile Computing},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RickeltReese2004,
  author    = {Rickelt, Christian and Reese, Stefanie},
  title     = {A model adaptive and model reduction strategy combining system-theoretical methods and substructuring},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.151},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1516},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper focuses on a new three-level discretisation strategy which enables the transition between continuum/structural (I) and structural/black box modelling (II). The transition (I) is realised by means of a model adaptive concept based on an innovative finite element technology. For transition (II) we apply the truncated balanced realisation method (TBR). The latter represents an established system theoretical model reduction technique which is here combined with a novel substructure technique. The approach provides a modular concept to facilitate the computational analysis of complex structures. The final goal is to apply the strategy to life time estimation.},
  subject      = {Adaptives System},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RenShiXu2004,
  author    = {Ren, Aizhu and Shi, Jianyong and Xu, Yun},
  title     = {Modeling of Buildings and Roads for Urban Applications based on 2D Digital Maps},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.179},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1791},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Three-dimensional models of urban objects play an important role in the urban applications such as urban planning, environmental concerning, or urban disaster mitigations. While the modeling of urban objects is time consuming and storage costing. This paper presents solutions for this. Buildings with regular shapes and plane roofs are constructed into computer models by identifying of graphic elements from the digital maps of urban area to get building base plane and building heights. Buildings with irregular shapes and non-plane roofs are constructed into computer models by employment of a specific system developed by the authors. Road objects and topologies are constructed into computer models by employment of specific algorithms. The solutions presented in this paper has been used in the development of urban disaster mitigation system for Shantou, China.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}