@article{MoscosoKraus,
  author    = {Moscoso, Caridad and Kraus, Matthias},
  title     = {On the Verification of Beams Subjected to Lateral Torsional Buckling by Simplified Plastic Structural Analysis},
  series = {ce/papers},
  volume    = {2022},
  journal   = {ce/papers},
  number    = {Volume 5, Issue 4},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1002/cepa.1835},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48782},
  pages     = {914 -- 923},
  abstract  = {Plastic structural analysis may be applied without any difficulty and with little effort for structural member verifications with regard to lateral torsional buckling of doubly symmetric rolled I sections. Suchlike analyses can be performed based on the plastic zone theory, specifically using finite beam elements with seven degrees of freedom and 2nd order theory considering material nonlinearity. The existing Eurocode enables these approaches and the coming-up generation will provide corresponding regulations in EN 1993-1-14. The investigations allow the determination of computationally accurate limit loads, which are determined in the present paper for selected structural systems with different sets of parameters, such as length, steel grade and cross section types. The results are compared to approximations gained by more sophisticated FEM analyses (commercial software Ansys Workbench applying solid elements) for reasons of verification/validation. In this course, differences in the results of the numerical models are addressed and discussed. In addition, results are compared to resistances obtained by common design regulations based on reduction factors χlt including regulations of EN 1993-1-1 (including German National Annex) as well as prEN 1993-1-1: 2020-08 (proposed new Eurocode generation). Concluding, correlations of results and their advantages as well as disadvantages are discussed.},
  subject      = {Stahl},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrausCrişanWittor,
  author    = {Kraus, Matthias and Cri{\c{s}}an, Nicolae-Andrei and Wittor, Bj{\"o}rn},
  title     = {Stability Study of Cantilever-Beams - Numerical Analysis and Analytical Calculation (LTB)},
  series = {ce/papers},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {ce/papers},
  number    = {Volume 4, issue 2-4},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn, a Wiley brand},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1002/cepa.1539},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220112-45637},
  pages     = {2199 -- 2206},
  abstract  = {According to Eurocode, the computation of bending strength for steel cantilever beams is a straightforward process. The approach is based on an Ayrton-Perry formula adaptation of buckling curves for steel members in compression, which involves the computation of an elastic critical buckling load for considering the instability. NCCI documents offer a simplified formula to determine the critical bending moment for cantilevers beams with symmetric cross-section. Besides the NCCI recommendations, other approaches, e.g. research literature or Finite-Element-Analysis, may be employed to determine critical buckling loads. However, in certain cases they render different results. Present paper summarizes and compares the abovementioned analytical and numerical approaches for determining critical loads and it exemplarily analyses corresponding cantilever beam capacities using numerical approaches based on plastic zones theory (GMNIA).},
  subject      = {Tr{\"a}ger},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FaridmehrTahirLahmer,
  author    = {Faridmehr, Iman and Tahir, Mamood Md. and Lahmer, Tom},
  title     = {Classification System for Semi-Rigid Beam-to-Column Connections},
  series = {LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES 11},
  journal   = {LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES 11},
  doi       = {10.1590/1679-78252595},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170401-30988},
  pages     = {2152 -- 2175},
  abstract  = {The current study attempts to recognise an adequate classification for a semi-rigid beam-to-column connection by investigating strength, stiffness and ductility. For this purpose, an experimental test was carried out to investigate the moment-rotation (M-theta) features of flush end-plate (FEP) connections including variable parameters like size and number of bolts, thickness of end-plate, and finally, size of beams and columns. The initial elastic stiffness and ultimate moment capacity of connections were determined by an extensive analytical procedure from the proposed method prescribed by ANSI/AISC 360-10, and Eurocode 3 Part 1-8 specifications. The behaviour of beams with partially restrained or semi-rigid connections were also studied by incorporating classical analysis methods. The results confirmed that thickness of the column flange and end-plate substantially govern over the initial rotational stiffness of of flush end-plate connections. The results also clearly showed that EC3 provided a more reliable classification index for flush end-plate (FEP) connections. The findings from this study make significant contributions to the current literature as the actual response characteristics of such connections are non-linear. Therefore, such semirigid behaviour should be used to for an analysis and design method.},
  subject      = {Tragf{\"a}higkeit},
  language  = {en}
}