@article{RabczukZhuangOterkus, author = {Rabczuk, Timon and Zhuang, Xiaoying and Oterkus, Erkan}, title = {Editorial: Computational modeling based on nonlocal theory}, series = {Engineering with Computers}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Engineering with Computers}, number = {Volume 39, issue 3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-022-01775-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230517-63658}, pages = {1}, abstract = {Nonlocal theories concern the interaction of objects, which are separated in space. Classical examples are Coulomb's law or Newton's law of universal gravitation. They had signficiant impact in physics and engineering. One classical application in mechanics is the failure of quasi-brittle materials. While local models lead to an ill-posed boundary value problem and associated mesh dependent results, nonlocal models guarantee the well-posedness and are furthermore relatively easy to implement into commercial computational software.}, subject = {Computersimulation}, language = {en} } @article{WiegandOsburg, author = {Wiegand, Torben and Osburg, Andrea}, title = {Synthesis, Curing and Thermal Behavior of Amine Hardeners from Potentially Renewable Sources}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {volume 15, issue 4, article 990}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/polym15040990}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63745}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {Research into bio-based epoxy resins has intensified in recent decades. Here, it is of great importance to use raw materials whose use does not compete with food production. In addition, the performance of the newly developed materials should be comparable to that of conventional products. Possible starting materials are lignin degradation products, such as vanillin and syringaldehyde, for which new synthesis routes to the desired products must be found and their properties determined. In this article, the first synthesis of two amine hardeners, starting with vanillin and syringaldehyde, using the Smiles rearrangement reaction is reported. The amine hardeners were mixed with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and the curing was compared to isophorone diamine, 4-4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and 4-Aminonbenzylamine by means of differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the two amines prepared are cold-curing. As TG-MS studies showed, the thermal stability of at least one of the polymers prepared with the potentially bio-based amines is comparable to that of the polymer prepared with isophorone diamine, and similar degradation products are formed during pyrolysis.}, subject = {Epoxide}, language = {en} } @article{PartschefeldTutalHalmansederetal., author = {Partschefeld, Stephan and Tutal, Adrian and Halmanseder, Thomas and Schneider, Jens and Osburg, Andrea}, title = {Investigations on Stability of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers in Alkaline Activators for Geopolymer Binders}, series = {Materials}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Materials}, number = {Volume 16, issue 15, article 5369}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma16155369}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231026-64809}, pages = {1 -- 14}, abstract = {Calcined clays are interesting starting materials to be used as SCMs (supplementary cementitious materials) in cements or to be converted to geopolymers by activation with a high alkaline activator. The adjustment of the properties in the fresh state, especially regarding the consistency of these binders, is almost exclusively achieved by the addition of water, since commercially available superplasticizers seem to be ineffective in low-calcium geopolymer systems. The aim of this study was a systematic investigation of various PCE (polycarboxylate ester/ether) superplasticizers (methacrylate ester PCE: MPEG, isoprenol ether PCE: IPEG, methallyl ether PCE: HPEG) with respect to their stability in different alkaline activators (NaOH, KOH, sodium and potassium silicate solutions). The effectiveness of superplasticizers (SPs) in low-calcium geopolymer binders was verified by rheological tests. Size exclusion chromatography was used to investigate if structural degradation of the superplasticizers occurs. The investigated PCE superplasticizers showed a thickening effect in the low-calcium geopolymer system. Depending on the alkalinity of the activator solution, a degradation process was detected for all the PCEs investigated. The side chains of the PCEs are cleaved off the backbone by basic ester and ether hydrolysis. The highest degree of degradation was found in sodium and potassium silicate solutions. In alkaline hydroxide solutions, the degradation process increases with increasing alkalinity.}, subject = {Geopolymere}, language = {en} } @article{AlsaadSchaelteSchneeweissetal., author = {Alsaad, Hayder and Sch{\"a}lte, Gereon and Schneeweiß, Mario and Becher, Lia and Pollack, Moritz and Gena, Amayu Wakoya and Schweiker, Marcel and Hartmann, Maria and Voelker, Conrad and Rossaint, Rolf and Irrgang, Matthias}, title = {The Spread of Exhaled Air and Aerosols during Physical Exercise}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {Volume 12, issue 4, article 1300}, publisher = {Basel}, address = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/jcm12041300}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230208-49262}, pages = {20}, abstract = {Physical exercise demonstrates a special case of aerosol emission due to its associated elevated breathing rate. This can lead to a faster spread of airborne viruses and respiratory diseases. Therefore, this study investigates cross-infection risk during training. Twelve human subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer under three mask scenarios: no mask, surgical mask, and FFP2 mask. The emitted aerosols were measured in a grey room with a measurement setup equipped with an optical particle sensor. The spread of expired air was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed using schlieren imaging. Moreover, user satisfaction surveys were conducted to evaluate the comfort of wearing face masks during training. The results indicated that both surgical and FFP2 masks significantly reduced particles emission with a reduction efficiency of 87.1\% and 91.3\% of all particle sizes, respectively. However, compared to surgical masks, FFP2 masks provided a nearly tenfold greater reduction of the particle size range with long residence time in the air (0.3-0.5 μm). Furthermore, the investigated masks reduced exhalation spreading distances to less than 0.15 m and 0.1 m in the case of the surgical mask and FFP2 mask, respectively. User satisfaction solely differed with respect to perceived dyspnea between no mask and FFP2 mask conditions.}, subject = {Sport}, language = {en} } @article{BrokowLogaKrueger, author = {Brokow-Loga, Anton and Kr{\"u}ger, Timmo}, title = {Potentials of Climate Emergency Declarations for degrowth transformations. The ambivalent stance of German municipalities in conflicts over a post-fossil future}, series = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, number = {Vol. 81, No. 5}, publisher = {oekom Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.14512/rur.1666}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231204-64984}, pages = {523 -- 537}, abstract = {This paper addresses the scope for action by municipalities in a climate emergency and places it in the framework of ecomodern (urban) policy. We analyse the way in which two German 'climate emergency municipalities' translate conflicts of post-fossil transformation into concrete political and planning strategies. Although more than 2,200 authorities around the world have already declared a climate emergency, research on the impact of these resolutions on the political orientation of municipalities is very limited. Our research focus is on the (potentially agonistic) treatment of conflicts in planning. We argue that in times of a socio-ecological crisis, success in conflict resolution cannot refer to appeasement and depoliticisation. Instead, we propose a framework of five criteria, based on critical theory on ecomodern strategies, planning processes and degrowth. Thus, this practice-related and explorative paper connects empirical insights from the German cities of Constance and Berlin with an innovative normative framework. The findings tell a complex story of an, at least partial, admission of the failure of previous climate mitigation strategies, a lack of social institutions of limits, an instrumental relation to nature and a disregard for social injustices. The paper discusses how municipalities, in the context of ongoing tensions over the post-fossil transformation in Germany, on the one hand hold on to business-as-usual approaches, but on the other hand also set political impulses for change.}, subject = {Stadtentwicklung}, language = {de} } @article{Suhr, author = {Suhr, Maike}, title = {Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung im Kontext journalistischer Neugr{\"u}ndungen: Eine Forschungsagenda}, series = {Global Media Journal German Edition}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Global Media Journal German Edition}, number = {Volume 13, No 1}, doi = {10.22032/dbt.57907}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231027-64836}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {Obgleich redaktionelle Diversit{\"a}t regelm{\"a}ßig als eine der Kernherausforderungen f{\"u}r den Journalismus gehandelt wird, tun sich journalistische Organisationen immer noch schwer damit, gleichberechtigte Zugangs-und Entfaltungschancen f{\"u}r Frauen, People of Color, Menschen aus Einwandererfamilien oder auf anderen Ebenen diskriminierungsbetroffene Journalist*innen zu schaffen. Stattdessen zeigt die gender-und diversit{\"a}tsbezogene Redaktionsforschung, dass Redaktionen nach wie vor in ihren Strukturen, Praktiken und in ihrer Kultur gesellschaftliche Machtverh{\"a}ltnisse widerspiegeln und (re-)produzieren. Doch im Zuge des „Entrepreneurial Journalism" entstehen heute vielerorts neue Organisationen. Diese journalistischen Neugr{\"u}ndungen zeichnen sich unter anderem durch kleinere, offenere und flexiblere Organisationsstrukturen aus. Ihr ver{\"a}nderter organisationaler Charakter wurde jedoch bislang noch nicht tiefergehend im Hinblick auf seine Potenziale und m{\"o}glichen Risiken f{\"u}r Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung untersucht. Der Beitrag hat somit zum Ziel, journalistische Neugr{\"u}ndungen als neuen Gegenstand auf der Agenda der organisations-und diskriminierungsbezogenen Journalismusforschung zu positionieren. Dazu werden ausgew{\"a}hlte Studien zum „Entrepreneurial Journalism" im Hinblick auf Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung aufgearbeitet und bestehende Desiderata identifiziert. Auf dieser Grundlage wird schließlich eine programmatische Forschungsagenda entwickelt, um empirische Folgeforschung zum Thema anzustoßen.}, subject = {Journalismus}, language = {de} } @article{BapirAbrahamczykWichtmannetal., author = {Bapir, Baban and Abrahamczyk, Lars and Wichtmann, Torsten and Prada-Sarmiento, Luis Felipe}, title = {Soil-structure interaction: A state-of-the-art review of modeling techniques and studies on seismic response of building structures}, series = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, number = {Volume 9}, editor = {Ozturk, Baki}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fbuil.2023.1120351}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230206-49190}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {The present article aims to provide an overview of the consequences of dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) on building structures and the available modelling techniques to resolve SSI problems. The role of SSI has been traditionally considered beneficial to the response of structures. However, contemporary studies and evidence from past earthquakes showed detrimental effects of SSI in certain conditions. An overview of the related investigations and findings is presented and discussed in this article. Additionally, the main approaches to evaluate seismic soil-structure interaction problems with the commonly used modelling techniques and computational methods are highlighted. The strength, limitations, and application cases of each model are also discussed and compared. Moreover, the role of SSI in various design codes and global guidelines is summarized. Finally, the advancements and recent findings on the SSI effects on the seismic response of buildings with different structural systems and foundation types are presented. In addition, with the aim of helping new researchers to improve previous findings, the research gaps and future research tendencies in the SSI field are pointed out.}, subject = {Boden-Bauwerk-Wechselwirkung}, language = {en} } @article{WellbrockLobigsErbrichetal., author = {Wellbrock, Christian-Mathias and Lobigs, Frank and Erbrich, Lukas and Buschow, Christopher}, title = {Coopetition is King. {\"O}konomische Potentiale und medienpolitische Implikationen kooperativer Journalismusplattformen}, volume = {2023}, publisher = {Landesanstalt f{\"u}r Medien NRW}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4947}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230320-49473}, pages = {1 -- 48}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Studie geht der Fragestellung nach, wie sich eine anbieter{\"u}bergreifende, abonnementbasierte Plattform f{\"u}r den digitalen Journalismus, also eine Art Spotify im Journalismus, auf die Ums{\"a}tze der Anbieter journalistischer Inhalte und die Abonnements im Digitaljournalismus in Deutschland auswirken w{\"u}rde. Auf Basis drei sich erg{\"a}nzender Sch{\"a}tzmethoden f{\"u}r Zahlungsbereitschaft, die in zwei Repr{\"a}sentativbefragungen der deutschen Online-Bev{\"o}lkerung mit insgesamt 8.000 Teilnehmenden angewandt wurden, gelangt das Whitepaper zu den folgenden Schl{\"u}sselbefunden.}, subject = {Journalistik}, language = {de} } @article{LondongBarthSoebke, author = {Londong, J{\"o}rg and Barth, Marcus and S{\"o}bke, Heinrich}, title = {Reducing antimicrobial resistances by source separation of domestic wastewater}, series = {Frontiers in Environmental Health}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Health}, number = {Volume 2, article 1151898}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fenvh.2023.1151898}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230403-49483}, pages = {1 -- 5}, abstract = {Antimicrobial resistances (AMR) are ranked among the top ten threats to public health and societal development worldwide. Toilet wastewater contained in domestic wastewater is a significant source of AMR entering the aquatic environment. The current commonly implemented combined sewer systems at times cause overflows during rain events, resulting in the discharge of untreated wastewater into the aquatic environment, thus promoting AMR. In this short research article, we describe an approach to transform combined sewer systems into source separation-modified combined sewer systems that separately treat toilet wastewater. We employ simulations for demonstrating that source separation-modified combined sewer systems reduce the emission of AMR- causing substances by up to 11.5 logarithm levels. Thus, source separation- modified combined sewer systems are amongst the most effective means of combating AMR. KEYWORDS}, subject = {Allgemeinheit}, language = {en} } @article{AnsariZachariasKoenke, author = {Ansari, Meisam and Zacharias, Christin and K{\"o}nke, Carsten}, title = {Metaconcrete: An Experimental Study on the Impact of the Core-Coating Inclusions on Mechanical Vibration}, series = {materials}, volume = {2023}, journal = {materials}, number = {Volume 16, Issue 5, article 1836}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma16051836}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230315-49370}, pages = {1 -- 18}, abstract = {Resonance vibration of structures is an unpleasant incident that can be conventionally avoided by using a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD). The scope of this paper contains the utilization of engineered inclusions in concrete as damping aggregates to suppress resonance vibration similar to a TMD. The inclusions are composed of a stainless-steel core with a spherical shape coated with silicone. This configuration has been the subject of several studies and it is best known as Metaconcrete. This paper presents the procedure of a free vibration test conducted with two small-scaled concrete beams. The beams exhibited a higher damping ratio after the core-coating element was secured to them. Subsequently, two meso-models of small-scaled beams were created: one representing conventional concrete and the other representing concrete with the core-coating inclusions. The frequency response curves of the models were obtained. The change in the response peak verified the ability of the inclusions to suppress the resonance vibration. This study concludes that the core-coating inclusions can be utilized in concrete as damping aggregates.}, subject = {Beton}, language = {en} } @article{SanderWeissermel, author = {Sander, Hendrik and Weißermel, S{\"o}ren}, title = {Urban Heat Transition in Berlin: Corporate Strategies, Political Conflicts, and Just Solutions}, series = {Urban Planning}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Urban Planning}, number = {Volume 8, No 1}, publisher = {Cogitatio Press}, address = {Lissabon}, doi = {10.17645/up.v8i1.6178}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63845}, pages = {361 -- 371}, abstract = {In the field of urban climate policy, heat production and demand are key sectors for achieving a sustainable city. Heat production has to shift from fossil to renewable energies, and the heat demand of most buildings has to be reduced significantly via building retrofits. However, analyses of heat transition still lack its contextualization within entangled urban politico-economic processes and materialities and require critical socio-theoretical examination. Asking about the embeddedness of heat transition within social relations and its implications for social justice issues, this article discusses the challenges and opportunities of heat transition, taking Berlin as an example. It uses an urban political ecology perspective to analyze the materialities of Berlin's heating-housing nexus, its politico-economic context, implications for relations of inequality and power, and its contested strategies. The empirical analysis identifies major disputes about the future trajectory of heat production and about the distribution of retrofit costs. Using our conceptual approach, we discuss these empirical findings against the idea of a more just heat transition. For this purpose, we discuss three policy proposals regarding cost distribution, urban heat planning, and remunicipalization of heat utilities. We argue that this conceptual approach provides huge benefits for debates around heat transition and, more generally, energy justice and just transitions.}, subject = {Berlin}, language = {en} } @article{Bockelmann, author = {Bockelmann, Leo}, title = {Impacts of Change: Analysing the Perception of Industrial Heritage in the Vogtland Region}, series = {Urban Planning}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Urban Planning}, number = {Volume 8, No 1}, publisher = {Cogitatio Press}, address = {Lissabon}, doi = {10.17645/up.v8i1.6025}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63814}, pages = {30 -- 38}, abstract = {Beyond metropolitan areas, many peripheral regions and their cities in Europe have, in manifold ways, been significantly shaped by industrialisation. In the context of the relocation of industrial production to other countries over the last decades, the question has been raised as to the role this heritage can play in futural regional development as well as the potential local identification with this history. Hence, this article seeks to analyse the perception of the industrial heritage in the Vogtland region, located alongside the border of three German federal states and the Czech Republic. It inquires as to the perception of the industrial heritage by the local population and related potential future narrations. Based on spontaneous and explorative interviews with local people as an empirical base, a discrepancy between the perception of the tangible and intangible dimensions of the industrial heritage can be observed. On the one hand, the tangible heritage like older factories and production complexes are seen as a functional legacy and an "eyesore" narrative is attributed to them. On the other hand, people often reference the personal and familial connection to the industry and highlight its importance for the historical development and the wealth of the region. But these positive associations are mainly limited to the intangible dimension and are disconnected from the material artefacts of industrial production.}, subject = {Vogtland}, language = {en} } @article{AbrahamczykUzair, author = {Abrahamczyk, Lars and Uzair, Aanis}, title = {On the use of climate models for estimating the non-stationary characteristic values of climatic actions in civil engineering practice}, series = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, number = {volume 9, article 1108328}, publisher = {Frontier Media}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fbuil.2023.1108328}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63751}, pages = {1 -- 9}, abstract = {The characteristic values of climatic actions in current structural design codes are based on a specified probability of exceedance during the design working life of a structure. These values are traditionally determined from the past observation data under a stationary climate assumption. However, this assumption becomes invalid in the context of climate change, where the frequency and intensity of climatic extremes varies with respect to time. This paper presents a methodology to calculate the non-stationary characteristic values using state of the art climate model projections. The non-stationary characteristic values are calculated in compliance with the requirements of structural design codes by forming quasi-stationary windows of the entire bias-corrected climate model data. Three approaches for the calculation of non-stationary characteristic values considering the design working life of a structure are compared and their consequences on exceedance probability are discussed.}, subject = {Klima{\"a}nderung}, language = {en} } @article{GrimmeKollakidouSonderskovZarpetal., author = {Grimme, Sophie Alice and Kollakidou, Avgi and S{\o}nderskov Zarp, Christian and Hornecker, Eva and Kr{\"u}ger, Norbert and Graf, Phillip and Marchetti, Emanuela}, title = {Floor Cleaners as Helper Pets: Projecting Assistive Robots' Agency on Zoomorphic Affordances}, series = {SN Computer Science}, volume = {2023}, journal = {SN Computer Science}, number = {volume 4, article 372}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Singapur}, doi = {10.1007/s42979-023-01769-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63796}, pages = {1 -- 14}, abstract = {Care of ageing adults has become a dominant field of application for assistive robot technologies, promising support for ageing adults residing in care homes and staff, in dealing with practical routine tasks and providing social and emotional relieve. A time consuming and human intensive necessity is the maintenance of high hygiene quality in care homes. Robotic vacuum cleaners have been proven effective for doing the job elsewhere, but—in the context of care homes—are counterproductive for residents' well-being and do not get accepted. This is because people with dementia manifest their agency in more implicit and emotional ways, while making sense of the world around them. Starting from these premises, we explored how a zoomorphic designed vacuum cleaner could better accommodate the sensemaking of people with dementia. Our design reconceptualises robotic vacuum cleaners as a cat-like robot, referring to a playful behaviour and appearance to communicate a non-threatening and familiar role model. Data from an observational study shows that residents responded positively to our prototype, as most of them engaged playfully with it as if it was a pet or a cat-like toy, for example luring it with gestures. Some residents simply ignored the robot, indicating that it was not perceived as frightening or annoying. The level of activity influenced reactions; residents ignored our prototype if busy with other occupations, which proves that it did not cause significant disturbance. We further report results from focus group sessions with formal and informal caregivers who discussed a video prototype of our robot. Caregivers encouraged us to enhance the animal like characteristics (in behaviour and materiality) even further to result in richer interactions and provoke haptic pleasure but also pointed out that residents should not mistake the robot for a real cat.}, subject = {Alter}, language = {en} } @article{DamirMeyerAziz, author = {Damir, Mirhan and Meyer, Martin and Aziz, Hellen}, title = {Patterns of Detachment: Spatial Transformations of the Phosphate Industry in el-Quseir, Egypt}, series = {Urban Planning}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Urban Planning}, number = {Volume 8, No 1}, publisher = {Cogitatio Press}, address = {Lissabon}, doi = {10.17645/up.v8i1.6053}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63805}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {The establishment of phosphate mines and processing plants by Italian entrepreneurs in el-Quseir in 1912 revitalized a town that had faced a steady decline after the opening of the Suez Canal and re-linked it to the world economy. To this day, the now defunct industrial site occupies a large section of physical el-Quseir and plays a key role in its identity. In this article, we explore the impact of the company's successive industrialization and deindustrialization based on archival research, interviews, and mapping. By tracing physical changes on-site and in the city of el-Quseir from the founding of its phosphate industry until today, as well as the historical and current interactions of citizens with the industrial facilities, we hope to better understand the "cluster value" of the industrial plant in quotidian life and the effect of the vacuum left behind after the termination of production. As machinery and buildings are slowly eroding in the absence of expressed interest by the former Italian and current Egyptian owners, we aim to discuss the relationship between the citizens and their el-Quseir phosphate plant as a crucial element of its heritage value at the local level.}, subject = {{\"A}gypten}, language = {en} } @article{AbdelnourZabel, author = {Abdelnour, Mena and Zabel, Volkmar}, title = {Modal identification of structures with a dynamic behaviour characterised by global and local modes at close frequencies}, series = {Acta Mechanica}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Acta Mechanica}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien}, doi = {10.1007/s00707-023-03598-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230525-63822}, pages = {1 -- 21}, abstract = {Identification of modal parameters of a space frame structure is a complex assignment due to a large number of degrees of freedom, close natural frequencies, and different vibrating mechanisms. Research has been carried out on the modal identification of rather simple truss structures. So far, less attention has been given to complex three-dimensional truss structures. This work develops a vibration-based methodology for determining modal information of three-dimensional space truss structures. The method uses a relatively complex space truss structure for its verification. Numerical modelling of the system gives modal information about the expected vibration behaviour. The identification process involves closely spaced modes that are characterised by local and global vibration mechanisms. To distinguish between local and global vibrations of the system, modal strain energies are used as an indicator. The experimental validation, which incorporated a modal analysis employing the stochastic subspace identification method, has confirmed that considering relatively high model orders is required to identify specific mode shapes. Especially in the case of the determination of local deformation modes of space truss members, higher model orders have to be taken into account than in the modal identification of most other types of structures.}, subject = {Fachwerkbau}, language = {en} } @article{KreskowskiRendleFroehlich, author = {Kreskowski, Adrian and Rendle, Gareth and Fr{\"o}hlich, Bernd}, title = {Efficient Direct Isosurface Rasterization of Scalar Volumes}, series = {Computer Graphics Forum}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = {Volume 4, Issue 7}, publisher = {Wiley Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.14670}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230525-63835}, pages = {215 -- 226}, abstract = {In this paper we propose a novel and efficient rasterization-based approach for direct rendering of isosurfaces. Our method exploits the capabilities of task and mesh shader pipelines to identify subvolumes containing potentially visible isosurface geometry, and to efficiently extract primitives which are consumed on the fly by the rasterizer. As a result, our approach requires little preprocessing and negligible additional memory. Direct isosurface rasterization is competitive in terms of rendering performance when compared with ray-marching-based approaches, and significantly outperforms them for increasing resolution in most situations. Since our approach is entirely rasterization based, it affords straightforward integration into existing rendering pipelines, while allowing the use of modern graphics hardware features, such as multi-view stereo for efficient rendering of stereoscopic image pairs for geometry-bound applications. Direct isosurface rasterization is suitable for applications where isosurface geometry is highly variable, such as interactive analysis scenarios for static and dynamic data sets that require frequent isovalue adjustment.}, subject = {Rendering}, language = {en} } @article{Coenen, author = {Coenen, Ekkehard}, title = {Anti-Gewalttrainings, Gewaltwissen und die institutionelle Erzeugung gewaltbefreiter Subjekte}, series = {Soziale Passagen}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Soziale Passagen}, publisher = {VS, Verl. f{\"u}r Sozialwissenschaften/GWV-Fachverlag}, address = {Wiesbaden}, doi = {10.1007/s12592-023-00453-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230720-64104}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag fragt danach, wie Wissen {\"u}ber Gewalt in Anti-Gewalttrainings produziert, vermittelt und sozial wirkm{\"a}chtig wird. Auf Basis des kommunikativen Konstruktivismus werden diese Kurse als gewaltbezogene Institutionen begriffen, in denen eine Wissensordnung der Gewalt stabilisiert wird. Sie sollen Abweichungen von institutionalisierten Wirklichkeitsvorstellungen in Bezug auf Gewalt entgegenwirken. Dabei lassen sie sich als Selbsttechniken begreifen, durch welche die Kursteilnehmer*innen eine spezifische Subjektposition ein{\"u}ben, n{\"a}mlich die des gewaltbefreiten Subjekts. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird anschließend zwischen konditionalen und konzessiven Anti-Gewalttrainings unterschieden. Erstere wenden sich an Personen, die tats{\"a}chlich von der institutionalisierten Wirklichkeitsvorstellung abgewichen sind und somit gesellschaftlich als Gewaltt{\"a}ter*innen eingestuft werden, w{\"a}hrend Letztere auf eine Klientel zielen, die potenziell von den g{\"a}ngigen Normen abweichen k{\"o}nnte, obwohl noch keine Gewalt aufgetreten sein muss. Abschließend wird gezeigt, dass den Kursleiter*innen eine wichtige Rolle im Subjektivierungsprozess und der Wissenskommunikation {\"u}ber Gewalt zukommt. Neben Wissen {\"u}ber Gewalt werden durch sie auch Wertbindungen, Legitimationen und Weltbilder vermittelt.}, subject = {Gewalt}, language = {de} } @article{VogelArnoldVoelkeretal., author = {Vogel, Albert and Arnold, J{\"o}rg and Voelker, Conrad and Kornadt, Oliver}, title = {Data for sound pressure level prediction in lightweight constructions caused by structure-borne sound sources and their uncertainties}, series = {Data in Brief}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Data in Brief}, number = {Volume 48, June 2023, article 109292}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2023.109292}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230719-64114}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {When predicting sound pressure levels induced by structure-borne sound sources and describing the sound propagation path through the building structure as exactly as possible, it is necessary to characterize the vibration behavior of the structure-borne sound sources. In this investigation, the characterization of structure-borne sound sources was performed using the two-stage method (TSM) described in EN 15657. Four different structure-borne sound sources were characterized and subsequently installed in a lightweight test stand. The resulting sound pressure levels in an adjacent receiving room were measured. In the second step, sound pressure levels were predicted according to EN 12354-5 based on the parameters of the structure-borne sound sources. Subsequently, the predicted and the measured sound pressure levels were compared to obtain reliable statements on the achievable accuracy when using source quantities determined by TSM with this prediction method.}, subject = {Bauakustik}, language = {en} } @article{AlemuHabteLahmeretal., author = {Alemu, Yohannes L. and Habte, Bedilu and Lahmer, Tom and Urgessa, Girum}, title = {Topologically preoptimized ground structure (TPOGS) for the optimization of 3D RC buildings}, series = {Asian Journal of Civil Engineering}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Asian Journal of Civil Engineering}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, doi = {10.1007/s42107-023-00640-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230517-63677}, pages = {1 -- 11}, abstract = {As an optimization that starts from a randomly selected structure generally does not guarantee reasonable optimality, the use of a systemic approach, named the ground structure, is widely accepted in steel-made truss and frame structural design. However, in the case of reinforced concrete (RC) structural optimization, because of the orthogonal orientation of structural members, randomly chosen or architect-sketched framing is used. Such a one-time fixed layout trend, in addition to its lack of a systemic approach, does not necessarily guarantee optimality. In this study, an approach for generating a candidate ground structure to be used for cost or weight minimization of 3D RC building structures with included slabs is developed. A multiobjective function at the floor optimization stage and a single objective function at the frame optimization stage are considered. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is employed for selecting the optimal ground structure. This method enables generating a simple, yet potential, real-world representation of topologically preoptimized ground structure while both structural and main architectural requirements are considered. This is supported by a case study for different floor domain sizes.}, subject = {Bodenmechanik}, language = {en} } @article{SimonRitz, author = {Simon-Ritz, Frank}, title = {"Kultur ist Reichtum an Problemen": Wie sich der Kultur-Begriff der UNESCO an Egon Friedell ann{\"a}herte}, series = {Palmbaum: Literarisches Journal aus Th{\"u}ringen}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Palmbaum: Literarisches Journal aus Th{\"u}ringen}, number = {Heft 1}, publisher = {Quartus Verlag}, address = {Bucha bei Jena}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4952}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230411-49524}, pages = {4}, abstract = {Der in H. 1/2023 erschienene Essay f{\"u}hrt Gedanken einer in H. 1/2022 des "Palmbaum" erschienene Betrachtung (https://doi.org/10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4628) weiter. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Bem{\"u}hungen der UNESCO um das immaterielle Kulturerbe.}, subject = {UNESCO}, language = {de} } @article{GuoAlajlanZhuangetal., author = {Guo, Hongwei and Alajlan, Naif and Zhuang, Xiaoying and Rabczuk, Timon}, title = {Physics-informed deep learning for three-dimensional transient heat transfer analysis of functionally graded materials}, series = {Computational Mechanics}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Computational Mechanics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00466-023-02287-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230517-63666}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {We present a physics-informed deep learning model for the transient heat transfer analysis of three-dimensional functionally graded materials (FGMs) employing a Runge-Kutta discrete time scheme. Firstly, the governing equation, associated boundary conditions and the initial condition for transient heat transfer analysis of FGMs with exponential material variations are presented. Then, the deep collocation method with the Runge-Kutta integration scheme for transient analysis is introduced. The prior physics that helps to generalize the physics-informed deep learning model is introduced by constraining the temperature variable with discrete time schemes and initial/boundary conditions. Further the fitted activation functions suitable for dynamic analysis are presented. Finally, we validate our approach through several numerical examples on FGMs with irregular shapes and a variety of boundary conditions. From numerical experiments, the predicted results with PIDL demonstrate well agreement with analytical solutions and other numerical methods in predicting of both temperature and flux distributions and can be adaptive to transient analysis of FGMs with different shapes, which can be the promising surrogate model in transient dynamic analysis.}, subject = {W{\"a}rme{\"u}bergang}, language = {en} } @article{SchwenkeSoebkeKraft, author = {Schwenke, Nicolas and S{\"o}bke, Heinrich and Kraft, Eckhard}, title = {Potentials and Challenges of Chatbot-Supported Thesis Writing: An Autoethnography}, series = {Trends in Higher Education}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Trends in Higher Education}, number = {Volume 2, issue 4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/higheredu2040037}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-65016}, pages = {611 -- 635}, abstract = {The release of the large language model-based chatbot ChatGPT 3.5 in November 2022 has brought considerable attention to the subject of artificial intelligence, not only to the public. From the perspective of higher education, ChatGPT challenges various learning and assessment formats as it significantly reduces the effectiveness of their learning and assessment functionalities. In particular, ChatGPT might be applied to formats that require learners to generate text, such as bachelor theses or student research papers. Accordingly, the research question arises to what extent writing of bachelor theses is still a valid learning and assessment format. Correspondingly, in this exploratory study, the first author was asked to write his bachelor's thesis exploiting ChatGPT. For tracing the impact of ChatGPT methodically, an autoethnographic approach was used. First, all considerations on the potential use of ChatGPT were documented in logs, and second, all ChatGPT chats were logged. Both logs and chat histories were analyzed and are presented along with the recommendations for students regarding the use of ChatGPT suggested by a common framework. In conclusion, ChatGPT is beneficial for thesis writing during various activities, such as brainstorming, structuring, and text revision. However, there are limitations that arise, e.g., in referencing. Thus, ChatGPT requires continuous validation of the outcomes generated and thus fosters learning. Currently, ChatGPT is valued as a beneficial tool in thesis writing. However, writing a conclusive thesis still requires the learner's meaningful engagement. Accordingly, writing a thesis is still a valid learning and assessment format. With further releases of ChatGPT, an increase in capabilities is to be expected, and the research question needs to be reevaluated from time to time.}, subject = {Chatbot}, language = {en} } @article{BertramAltrock, author = {Bertram, Grischa Frederik and Altrock, Uwe}, title = {Jenseits agonistischer Planungstheorien: Die „Normalit{\"a}t"von Protesten und ihr Einfluss auf die Konfliktaustragungin der r{\"a}umlichen Planung}, series = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, number = {Vol. 81, No. 5}, publisher = {oekom Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.14512/rur.1674}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-64995}, pages = {493 -- 508}, abstract = {Die Planungsforschung hat sich sp{\"a}testens seit der „kommunikativen Wende" intensiv damit besch{\"a}ftigt, wie mit Konflikten umgegangen werden soll und wird. Ans{\"a}tze der „agonistischen" Planungstheorie widersprechen der normativen Pr{\"a}misse, Konsensbildung unter den Planungsbeteiligten anzustreben. Vielmehr wollen sie widerstreitende Positionen normativ f{\"u}r die r{\"a}umliche Entwicklung fruchtbar machen. Zugleich betonen sie eine vermeintliche Dualit{\"a}t von Planung und Protest, die in der neueren Protesttheorie infrage gestellt wird. Dieser Beitrag zeigt aufbauend auf einer Diskussion von planungs- und protesttheoretischen Ans{\"a}tzen und einer empirischen Analyse planungsbezogener Proteste in Deutschland, dass diese Proteste von den Planungsakteuren zwar immer st{\"a}rker als „Normalit{\"a}t" aufgefasst werden und antagonistische Partizipation trotz zunehmender Konflikthaftigkeit und vermeintlicher Infragestellung der repr{\"a}sentativen Demokratie kulturell regelgebunden bleibt. Protesthandeln ist Teil ausdifferenzierter „Partizipationsb{\"u}ndel", die situationsbezogen auch Teilnahme an Beteiligungsverfahren, direktdemokratische Verfahren und Klagen umfassen. Protestierende verfolgen dabei meist eine eher reformorientierte Agenda, die keiner „Z{\"a}hmung" bedarf. Allerdings k{\"o}nnen die zugrunde liegenden Konflikte h{\"a}ufig gar nicht „gel{\"o}st" werden. Planenden hingegen k{\"o}nnen auch innerhalb eines agonistischen Planungsumfelds rationalistische und deliberative Ans{\"a}tze zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen, die sie situationsbezogen und strategisch nutzen.}, subject = {Raumplanung}, language = {de} } @article{AnsariTartaglioneKoenke, author = {Ansari, Meisam and Tartaglione, Fabiola and K{\"o}nke, Carsten}, title = {Experimental Validation of Dynamic Response of Small-Scale Metaconcrete Beams at Resonance Vibration}, series = {materials}, volume = {2023}, journal = {materials}, number = {volume 16, issue 14, article 5029}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma16145029}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230818-64154}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {Structures and their components experience substantially large vibration amplitudes at resonance, which can cause their failure. The scope of this study is the utilization of silicone-coated steel balls in concrete as damping aggregates to suppress the resonance vibration. The heavy steel cores oscillate with a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the structure. Due to the phase difference between the vibrations of the cores and the structure, the cores counteract the vibration of the structure. The core-coating inclusions are randomly distributed in concrete similar to standard aggregates. This mixture is referred to as metaconcrete. The main goal of this work is to validate the ability of the inclusions to suppress mechanical vibration through laboratory experiments. For this purpose, two small-scale metaconcrete beams were cast and tested. In a free vibration test, the metaconcrete beams exhibited a larger damping ratio compared to a similar beam cast from conventional concrete. The vibration amplitudes of the metaconcrete beams at resonance were measured with a frequency sweep test. In comparison with the conventional concrete beam, both metaconcrete beams demonstrated smaller vibration amplitudes. Both experiments verified an improvement in the dynamic response of the metaconcrete beams at resonance vibration.}, subject = {Beton}, language = {en} } @article{LizarazuHarirchianShaiketal., author = {Lizarazu, Jorge and Harirchian, Ehsan and Shaik, Umar Arif and Shareef, Mohammed and Antoni-Zdziobek, Annie and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {Application of machine learning-based algorithms to predict the stress-strain curves of additively manufactured mild steel out of its microstructural characteristics}, series = {Results in Engineering}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Results in Engineering}, number = {Volume 20 (2023)}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.rineng.2023.101587}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-65028}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {The study presents a Machine Learning (ML)-based framework designed to forecast the stress-strain relationship of arc-direct energy deposited mild steel. Based on microstructural characteristics previously extracted using microscopy and X-ray diffraction, approximately 1000 new parameter sets are generated by applying the Latin Hypercube Sampling Method (LHSM). For each parameter set, a Representative Volume Element (RVE) is synthetically created via Voronoi Tessellation. Input raw data for ML-based algorithms comprises these parameter sets or RVE-images, while output raw data includes their corresponding stress-strain relationships calculated after a Finite Element (FE) procedure. Input data undergoes preprocessing involving standardization, feature selection, and image resizing. Similarly, the stress-strain curves, initially unsuitable for training traditional ML algorithms, are preprocessed using cubic splines and occasionally Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The later part of the study focuses on employing multiple ML algorithms, utilizing two main models. The first model predicts stress-strain curves based on microstructural parameters, while the second model does so solely from RVE images. The most accurate prediction yields a Root Mean Squared Error of around 5 MPa, approximately 1\% of the yield stress. This outcome suggests that ML models offer precise and efficient methods for characterizing dual-phase steels, establishing a framework for accurate results in material analysis.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} } @article{PollackLueckWolfetal., author = {Pollack, Moritz and L{\"u}ck, Andrea and Wolf, Mario and Kraft, Eckhard and V{\"o}lker, Conrad}, title = {Energy and Business Synergy: Leveraging Biogenic Resources from Agriculture, Waste, and Wastewater in German Rural Areas}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {volume 15, issue 24, article 16573}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/su152416573}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231222-65172}, pages = {1 -- 25}, abstract = {The imperative to transform current energy provisions is widely acknowledged. However, scant attention has hitherto been directed toward rural municipalities and their innate resources, notably biogenic resources. In this paper, a methodological framework is developed to interconnect resources from waste, wastewater, and agricultural domains for energy utilization. This entails cataloging existing resources, delineating their potential via quantitative assessments utilizing diverse technologies, and encapsulating them in a conceptual model. The formulated models underwent iterative evaluation with engagement from diverse stakeholders. Consequently, 3 main concepts, complemented by 72 sub-concepts, were delineated, all fostering positive contributions to climate protection and providing heat supply in the rural study area. The outcomes' replicability is underscored by the study area's generic structure and the employed methodology. Through these inquiries, a framework for the requisite energy transition, with a pronounced emphasis on the coupling of waste, wastewater, and agriculture sectors in rural environments, is robustly analyzed.}, subject = {Energiewende}, language = {en} } @article{HahlbrockBraunHeideletal., author = {Hahlbrock, David and Braun, Michael and Heidel, Robin and Lemmen, Patrik and Boumann, Roland and Bruckmann, Tobias and Schramm, Dieter and Helm, Volker and Willmann, Jan}, title = {Cable Robotic 3D-printing: additive manufacturing on the construction site}, series = {Construction Robotics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Construction Robotics}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, doi = {10.1007/s41693-022-00082-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48791}, pages = {1 -- 14}, abstract = {This paper outlines an important step in characterizing a novel field of robotic construction research where a cable-driven parallel robot is used to extrude cementitious material in three-dimensional space, and thus offering a comprehensive new approach to computational design and construction, and to robotic fabrication at larger scales. Developed by the Faculty of Art and Design at Bauhaus-University Weimar (Germany), the faculty of Architecture at the University of Applied Sciences Dortmund (Germany) and the Chair of Mechatronics at the University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany), this approach offers unique advantages over existing additive manufacturing methods: the system is easily transportable and scalable, it does not require additional formwork or scaffolding, and it offers digital integration and informational oversight across the entire design and building process. This paper considers 1) key research components of cable robotic 3D-printing (such as computational design, material exploration, and robotic control), and 2) the integration of these parameters into a unified design and building process. The demonstration of the approach at full-scale is of particular concern.}, subject = {Robotik}, language = {en} } @article{Coenen, author = {Coenen, Ekkehard}, title = {Communicative Action, Objectifications, and the Triad of Violence}, series = {Human Studies}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Human Studies}, number = {45 (2022)}, publisher = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V}, address = {Dordrecht}, doi = {10.1007/s10746-022-09639-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48828}, pages = {447 -- 468}, abstract = {This article aims to develop a social theory of violence that emphasizes the role of the third party as well as the communication between the involved subjects. For this Teresa Koloma Beck's essay 'The Eye of the Beholder: Violence as a Social Process' is taken as a starting point, which adopts a social-constructivist perspective. On the one hand, the basic concepts and the benefits of this approach are presented. On the other hand, social-theoretical problems of this approach are revealed. These deficits are counteracted by expanding Koloma Beck's approach with a communicative-constructivist framework. Thus, the role of communicative action and the 'objectification of violence' is emphasized. These aspects impact the perception, judgement and (de-)legitimation of violence phenomena and the emergence of a 'knowledge of violence'. Communicative actions and objectifications form a key to understanding violent interactions and the link between the micro and macro levels. Finally, the methodological consequences for the research of violence and Communicative Constructivism are discussed. Furthermore, possible research fields are outlined, which open up by looking at communicative action and the objectifications within the 'triads of violence'.}, subject = {Gewalt}, language = {en} } @article{Stadler, author = {Stadler, Max}, title = {Gr{\"u}nderzeit. Hightech und Alternativen der Wissenschaft in West-Berlin}, series = {NTM Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin}, volume = {2022}, journal = {NTM Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin}, number = {30 (2022)}, publisher = {Basel}, address = {Birkh{\"a}user}, doi = {10.1007/s00048-022-00352-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48800}, pages = {599 -- 632}, abstract = {Zu den diversen Unternehmungen sozialbewegter „Gegenwissenschaft", die um 1980 auf der Bildfl{\"a}che der BRD erschienen, z{\"a}hlte der 1982 gegr{\"u}ndete Berliner Wissenschaftsladen e. V., kurz WILAB - eine Art „alternatives" Spin-off der Technischen Universit{\"a}t Berlin. Der vorliegende Beitrag situiert die Ausgr{\"u}ndung des „Ladens" im Kontext zeitgen{\"o}ssischer Fortschritte der (regionalen) Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik. Gezeigt wird, wie der deindustrialisierenden Inselstadt, qua „innovationspolitischer" Gegensteuerung, dabei sogar eine gewisse Vorreiterrolle zukam: {\"u}ber die Stadtgrenzen hinaus sichtbare Neuerungen wie die Gr{\"u}ndermesse BIG TECH oder das 1983 er{\"o}ffnete Berliner Innovations- und Gr{\"u}nderzentrum (BIG), der erste „Incubator" [sic] der BRD, etwa gingen auf das Konto der 1977/78 lancierten Technologie-Transferstelle der TU Berlin, TU-transfer. Anders gesagt: tendenziell bekam man es hier nun mit Verh{\"a}ltnissen zu tun, die immer weniger mit den Tr{\"a}umen einer „kritischen", nicht-fremdbestimmten (Gegen‑)Wissenschaft kompatibel waren. Latent kontr{\"a}r zur historiographischen Prominenz des wissenschaftskritischen Zeitgeists fristeten „alternativen" Zielsetzungen verpflichtete Unternehmungen wie „WILAB" ein relativ marginalisiertes Nischendasein. Dennoch wirft das am WILAB verfolgte, so gesehen wenig aussichtsreiche Anliegen, eine andere, n{\"a}mlich „humanere" Informationstechnologie in die Wege zu leiten, ein instruktives Licht auf die Aufbr{\"u}che „unternehmerischer" Wissenschaft in der BRD um 1980.}, subject = {Berlin }, language = {de} } @article{ArtusKoch, author = {Artus, Mathias and Koch, Christian}, title = {Object-Oriented Damage Information Modeling Concepts and Implementation for Bridge Inspection}, series = {Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering}, number = {Volume 36, issue 6}, doi = {10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0001030}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220826-47087}, pages = {1 -- 21}, abstract = {Bridges are designed to last for more than 50 years and consume up to 50\% of their life-cycle costs during their operation phase. Several inspections and assessment actions are executed during this period. Bridge and damage information must be gathered, digitized, and exchanged between different stakeholders. Currently, the inspection and assessment practices rely on paper-based data collection and exchange, which is time-consuming and error-prone, and leads to loss of information. Storing and exchanging damage and building information in a digital format may lower costs and errors during inspection and assessment and support future needs, for example, immediate simulations regarding performance assessment, automated maintenance planning, and mixed reality inspections. This study focused on the concept for modeling damage information to support bridge reviews and structural analysis. Starting from the definition of multiple use cases and related requirements, the data model for damage information is defined independently from the subsequent implementation. In the next step, the implementation via an established standard is explained. Functional tests aim to identify problems in the concept and implementation. To show the capability of the final model, two example use cases are illustrated: the inspection review of the entire bridge and a finite-element analysis of a single component. Main results are the definition of necessary damage data, an object-oriented damage model, which supports multiple use cases, and the implementation of the model in a standard. Furthermore, the tests have shown that the standard is suitable to deliver damage information; however, several software programs lack proper implementation of the standard.}, subject = {Building Information Modeling}, language = {en} } @article{PatzeltErfurtLudwig, author = {Patzelt, Max and Erfurt, Doreen and Ludwig, Horst-Michael}, title = {Quantification of cracks in concrete thin sections considering current methods of image analysis}, series = {Journal of Microscopy}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journal of Microscopy}, number = {Volume 286, Issue 2}, doi = {10.1111/jmi.13091}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46754}, pages = {154 -- 159}, abstract = {Image analysis is used in this work to quantify cracks in concrete thin sections via modern image processing. Thin sections were impregnated with a yellow epoxy resin, to increase the contrast between voids and other phases of the concrete. By the means of different steps of pre-processing, machine learning and python scripts, cracks can be quantified in an area of up to 40 cm2. As a result, the crack area, lengths and widths were estimated automatically within a single workflow. Crack patterns caused by freeze-thaw damages were investigated. To compare the inner degradation of the investigated thin sections, the crack density was used. Cracks in the thin sections were measured manually in two different ways for validation of the automatic determined results. On the one hand, the presented work shows that the width of cracks can be determined pixelwise, thus providing the plot of a width distribution. On the other hand, the automatically measured crack length differs in comparison to the manually measured ones.}, subject = {Beton}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangRen, author = {Zhang, Yongzheng and Ren, Huilong}, title = {Implicit implementation of the nonlocal operator method: an open source code}, series = {Engineering with computers}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Engineering with computers}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1007/s00366-021-01537-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220216-45930}, pages = {1 -- 35}, abstract = {In this paper, we present an open-source code for the first-order and higher-order nonlocal operator method (NOM) including a detailed description of the implementation. The NOM is based on so-called support, dual-support, nonlocal operators, and an operate energy functional ensuring stability. The nonlocal operator is a generalization of the conventional differential operators. Combined with the method of weighed residuals and variational principles, NOM establishes the residual and tangent stiffness matrix of operate energy functional through some simple matrix without the need of shape functions as in other classical computational methods such as FEM. NOM only requires the definition of the energy drastically simplifying its implementation. The implementation in this paper is focused on linear elastic solids for sake of conciseness through the NOM can handle more complex nonlinear problems. The NOM can be very flexible and efficient to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), it's also quite easy for readers to use the NOM and extend it to solve other complicated physical phenomena described by one or a set of PDEs. Finally, we present some classical benchmark problems including the classical cantilever beam and plate-with-a-hole problem, and we also make an extension of this method to solve complicated problems including phase-field fracture modeling and gradient elasticity material.}, subject = {Strukturmechanik}, language = {en} } @article{Zhang, author = {Zhang, Yongzheng}, title = {Nonlocal dynamic Kirchhoff plate formulation based on nonlocal operator method}, series = {Engineering with Computers}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Engineering with Computers}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1007/s00366-021-01587-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220209-45849}, pages = {1 -- 35}, abstract = {In this study, we propose a nonlocal operator method (NOM) for the dynamic analysis of (thin) Kirchhoff plates. The nonlocal Hessian operator is derived based on a second-order Taylor series expansion. The NOM does not require any shape functions and associated derivatives as 'classical' approaches such as FEM, drastically facilitating the implementation. Furthermore, NOM is higher order continuous, which is exploited for thin plate analysis that requires C1 continuity. The nonlocal dynamic governing formulation and operator energy functional for Kirchhoff plates are derived from a variational principle. The Verlet-velocity algorithm is used for the time discretization. After confirming the accuracy of the nonlocal Hessian operator, several numerical examples are simulated by the nonlocal dynamic Kirchhoff plate formulation.}, subject = {Angewandte Mathematik}, language = {en} } @article{RabczukGuoZhuangetal., author = {Rabczuk, Timon and Guo, Hongwei and Zhuang, Xiaoying and Chen, Pengwan and Alajlan, Naif}, title = {Stochastic deep collocation method based on neural architecture search and transfer learning for heterogeneous porous media}, series = {Engineering with Computers}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Engineering with Computers}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1007/s00366-021-01586-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220209-45835}, pages = {1 -- 26}, abstract = {We present a stochastic deep collocation method (DCM) based on neural architecture search (NAS) and transfer learning for heterogeneous porous media. We first carry out a sensitivity analysis to determine the key hyper-parameters of the network to reduce the search space and subsequently employ hyper-parameter optimization to finally obtain the parameter values. The presented NAS based DCM also saves the weights and biases of the most favorable architectures, which is then used in the fine-tuning process. We also employ transfer learning techniques to drastically reduce the computational cost. The presented DCM is then applied to the stochastic analysis of heterogeneous porous material. Therefore, a three dimensional stochastic flow model is built providing a benchmark to the simulation of groundwater flow in highly heterogeneous aquifers. The performance of the presented NAS based DCM is verified in different dimensions using the method of manufactured solutions. We show that it significantly outperforms finite difference methods in both accuracy and computational cost.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} } @article{ChakrabortyAnitescuZhuangetal., author = {Chakraborty, Ayan and Anitescu, Cosmin and Zhuang, Xiaoying and Rabczuk, Timon}, title = {Domain adaptation based transfer learning approach for solving PDEs on complex geometries}, series = {Engineering with Computers}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Engineering with Computers}, doi = {10.1007/s00366-022-01661-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46776}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {In machine learning, if the training data is independently and identically distributed as the test data then a trained model can make an accurate predictions for new samples of data. Conventional machine learning has a strong dependence on massive amounts of training data which are domain specific to understand their latent patterns. In contrast, Domain adaptation and Transfer learning methods are sub-fields within machine learning that are concerned with solving the inescapable problem of insufficient training data by relaxing the domain dependence hypothesis. In this contribution, this issue has been addressed and by making a novel combination of both the methods we develop a computationally efficient and practical algorithm to solve boundary value problems based on nonlinear partial differential equations. We adopt a meshfree analysis framework to integrate the prevailing geometric modelling techniques based on NURBS and present an enhanced deep collocation approach that also plays an important role in the accuracy of solutions. We start with a brief introduction on how these methods expand upon this framework. We observe an excellent agreement between these methods and have shown that how fine-tuning a pre-trained network to a specialized domain may lead to an outstanding performance compare to the existing ones. As proof of concept, we illustrate the performance of our proposed model on several benchmark problems.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} } @article{GuoZhuangChenetal., author = {Guo, Hongwei and Zhuang, Xiaoying and Chen, Pengwan and Alajlan, Naif and Rabczuk, Timon}, title = {Analysis of three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media with physics-informed deep collocation method using material transfer learning and sensitivity analysis}, series = {Engineering with Computers}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Engineering with Computers}, doi = {10.1007/s00366-022-01633-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46764}, pages = {1 -- 22}, abstract = {In this work, we present a deep collocation method (DCM) for three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media. This approach utilizes a physics-informed neural network with material transfer learning reducing the solution of the non-homogeneous partial differential equations to an optimization problem. We tested different configurations of the physics-informed neural network including smooth activation functions, sampling methods for collocation points generation and combined optimizers. A material transfer learning technique is utilized for non-homogeneous media with different material gradations and parameters, which enhance the generality and robustness of the proposed method. In order to identify the most influential parameters of the network configuration, we carried out a global sensitivity analysis. Finally, we provide a convergence proof of our DCM. The approach is validated through several benchmark problems, also testing different material variations.}, subject = {Deep learning}, language = {en} } @article{BuschowWellbrock, author = {Buschow, Christopher and Wellbrock, Christian-Mathias}, title = {"Spotify for News"? User Perception of Subscription-Based Content Platforms for News Media}, series = {Journalism and Media}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journalism and Media}, number = {2023, 4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/journalmedia4010001}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48740}, pages = {1 -- 15}, abstract = {Subscription-based news platforms (such as "Apple News+" or "Readly") that bundle content from different publishers into one comprehensive package and offer it to media users at a fixed monthly rate are a new way of accessing and consuming digital journalism. These services have received little attention in journalism studies, although they differ greatly from traditional media products and distribution channels. This article empirically investigates the perception of journalism platforms based on eight qualitative focus group discussions with 55 German news consumers. Results show that the central characteristics these platforms should fulfill in order to attract users are strikingly similar to the characteristics of media platforms from the music and video industries, in particular regarding price points, contract features, and modes of usage. Against this background, the potential and perspectives of a subscription-based news platform for journalism's societal role are discussed.}, subject = {Journalistik}, language = {en} } @article{Morawski, author = {Morawski, Tommaso}, title = {La tavola e la mappa. Paradigmi per una metaforologia mediale dell'immaginazione cartografica in Kant}, series = {Philosophy Kitchen}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Philosophy Kitchen}, number = {17, II/2022}, publisher = {Universit{\`a} degli Studi di Torino}, address = {Turino}, doi = {10.13135/2385-1945/7191}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48766}, pages = {137 -- 152}, abstract = {Immanuel Kant's thought is a central historical and theoretical reference in Hans Blumenberg's metaphorological project. This is demonstrated by the fact that in the Paradigms the author outlines the concept of absolute metaphor by explicitly referring to \S59 of the Critique of the Power of Judgment and recognizing in the Kantian symbol a model for his own metaphorics. However, Kant's name also appears in the chapter on the metaphor of the "terra incognita" that not only did he theorize the presence of symbolic hypotyposis in our language [...] but also made extensive use of metaphors linked to "determinate historical experiences". In particular: geographical metaphors. In my essay, I would like to start from the analysis of Kant's geographical metaphors in order to try to rethink Blumenberg's archaeological method as an archaeology of media that grounds the study of metaphors in the materiality of communication and the combination of tools, agents and media.}, subject = {Kant, Immanuel}, language = {it} } @article{KraazKoopWunschetal., author = {Kraaz, Luise and Koop, Maria and Wunsch, Maximilian and Plank-Wiedenbeck, Uwe}, title = {The Scaling Potential of Experimental Knowledge in the Case of the Bauhaus.MobilityLab, Erfurt (Germany)}, series = {Urban Planning}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Urban Planning}, number = {Volume 7, Issue 3}, doi = {10.17645/up.v7i3.5329}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230509-63633}, pages = {274 -- 284}, abstract = {Real-world labs hold the potential to catalyse rapid urban transformations through real-world experimentation. Characterised by a rather radical, responsive, and location-specific nature, real-world labs face constraints in the scaling of experimental knowledge. To make a significant contribution to urban transformation, the produced knowledge must go beyond the level of a building, street, or small district where real-world experiments are conducted. Thus, a conflict arises between experimental boundaries and the stimulation of broader implications. The challenges of scaling experimental knowledge have been recognised as a problem, but remain largely unexplained. Based on this, the article will discuss the applicability of the "typology of amplification processes" by Lam et al. (2020) to explore and evaluate the potential of scaling experimental knowledge from real-world labs. The application of the typology is exemplified in the case of the Bauhaus.MobilityLab. The Bauhaus.MobilityLab takes a unique approach by testing and developing cross-sectoral mobility, energy, and logistics solutions with a distinct focus on scaling knowledge and innovation. For this case study, different qualitative research techniques are combined according to "within-method triangulation" and synthesised in a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The analysis of the Bauhaus.MobilityLab proves that the "typology of amplification processes" is useful as a systematic approach to identifying and evaluating the potential of scaling experimental knowledge.}, subject = {Stadtplanung}, language = {en} } @article{AicherBoermelLondongetal., author = {Aicher, Andreas and B{\"o}rmel, Melanie and Londong, J{\"o}rg and Beier, Silvio}, title = {Vertical green system for gray water treatment: Analysis of the VertiKKA-module in a field test}, series = {Frontiers in Environmental Science}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Science}, number = {Volume 10 (2022), article 976005}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fenvs.2022.976005}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230124-48840}, pages = {1 -- 7}, abstract = {This work presents a modular Vertical Green System (VGS) for gray water treatment, developed at the Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar. The concept was transformed into a field study with four modules built and tested with synthetic gray water. Each module set contains a small and larger module with the same treatment substrate and was fed hourly. A combination of lightweight structural material and biochar of agricultural residues and wood chips was used as the treatment substrate. In this article, we present the first 18 weeks of operation. Regarding the treatment efficiency, the parameters chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP), ortho-phosphate (ortho-P), total bound nitrogen (TNb), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) were analyzed and are presented in this work. The results of the modules with agricultural residues are promising. Up to 92\% COD reduction is stated in the data. The phosphate and nitrogen fractions are reduced significantly in these modules. By contrast, the modules with wood chips reduce only 67\% of the incoming COD and respectively less regarding phosphates and the nitrogen fraction.}, subject = {Grauwasser}, language = {en} } @article{AlaladeReichertKoehnetal., author = {Alalade, Muyiwa and Reichert, Ina and K{\"o}hn, Daniel and Wuttke, Frank and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {A Cyclic Multi-Stage Implementation of the Full-Waveform Inversion for the Identification of Anomalies in Dams}, series = {Infrastructures}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Infrastructures}, number = {Volume 7, issue 12, article 161}, editor = {Qu, Chunxu and Gao, Chunxu and Zhang, Rui and Jia, Ziguang and Li, Jiaxiang}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/infrastructures7120161}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221201-48396}, pages = {19}, abstract = {For the safe and efficient operation of dams, frequent monitoring and maintenance are required. These are usually expensive, time consuming, and cumbersome. To alleviate these issues, we propose applying a wave-based scheme for the location and quantification of damages in dams. To obtain high-resolution "interpretable" images of the damaged regions, we drew inspiration from non-linear full-multigrid methods for inverse problems and applied a new cyclic multi-stage full-waveform inversion (FWI) scheme. Our approach is less susceptible to the stability issues faced by the standard FWI scheme when dealing with ill-posed problems. In this paper, we first selected an optimal acquisition setup and then applied synthetic data to demonstrate the capability of our approach in identifying a series of anomalies in dams by a mixture of reflection and transmission tomography. The results had sufficient robustness, showing the prospects of application in the field of non-destructive testing of dams.}, subject = {Damm}, language = {en} } @article{MehlingSchnabelLondong, author = {Mehling, Simon and Schnabel, Tobias and Londong, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Investigation on Energetic Efficiency of Reactor Systems for Oxidation of Micro-Pollutants by Immobilized Active Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis}, series = {Water}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Water}, number = {Volume 14, issue 7, article 2681}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/w14172681}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220912-47130}, pages = {1 -- 15}, abstract = {In this work, the degradation performance for the photocatalytic oxidation of eight micropollutants (amisulpride, benzotriazole, candesartan, carbamazepine, diclofenac, gabapentin, methlybenzotriazole, and metoprolol) within real secondary effluent was investigated using three different reactor designs. For all reactor types, the influence of irradiation power on its reaction rate and energetic efficiency was investigated. Flat cell and batch reactor showed almost similar substance specific degradation behavior. Within the immersion rotary body reactor, benzotriazole and methylbenzotriazole showed a significantly lower degradation affinity. The flat cell reactor achieved the highest mean degradation rate, with half time values ranging from 5 to 64 min with a mean of 18 min, due to its high catalysts surface to hydraulic volume ratio. The EE/O values were calculated for all micro-pollutants as well as the mean degradation rate constant of each experimental step. The lowest substance specific energy per order (EE/O) values of 5 kWh/m3 were measured for benzotriazole within the batch reactor. The batch reactor also reached the lowest mean values (11.8-15.9 kWh/m3) followed by the flat cell reactor (21.0-37.0 kWh/m3) and immersion rotary body reactor (23.9-41.0 kWh/m3). Catalyst arrangement and irradiation power were identified as major influences on the energetic performance of the reactors. Low radiation intensities as well as the use of submerged catalyst arrangement allowed a reduction in energy demand by a factor of 3-4. A treatment according to existing treatment goals of wastewater treatment plants (80\% total degradation) was achieved using the batch reactor with a calculated energy demand of 7000 Wh/m3.}, subject = {Fotokatalyse}, language = {en} } @article{AlYasiriMutasharGuerlebecketal., author = {Al-Yasiri, Zainab Riyadh Shaker and Mutashar, Hayder Majid and G{\"u}rlebeck, Klaus and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {Damage Sensitive Signals for the Assessment of the Conditions of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades Using Electromagnetic Waves}, series = {Infrastructures}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Infrastructures}, number = {Volume 7, Issue 8 (August 2022), article 104}, editor = {Shafiullah, GM}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/infrastructures7080104}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220831-47093}, pages = {18}, abstract = {One of the most important renewable energy technologies used nowadays are wind power turbines. In this paper, we are interested in identifying the operating status of wind turbines, especially rotor blades, by means of multiphysical models. It is a state-of-the-art technology to test mechanical structures with ultrasonic-based methods. However, due to the density and the required high resolution, the testing is performed with high-frequency waves, which cannot penetrate the structure in depth. Therefore, there is a need to adopt techniques in the fields of multiphysical model-based inversion schemes or data-driven structural health monitoring. Before investing effort in the development of such approaches, further insights and approaches are necessary to make the techniques applicable to structures such as wind power plants (blades). Among the expected developments, further accelerations of the so-called "forward codes" for a more efficient implementation of the wave equation could be envisaged. Here, we employ electromagnetic waves for the early detection of cracks. Because in many practical situations, it is not possible to apply techniques from tomography (characterized by multiple sources and sensor pairs), we focus here on the question of whether the existence of cracks can be determined by using only one source for the sent waves.}, subject = {Windkraftwerk}, language = {en} } @article{Lutolli, author = {Lutolli, Blerim}, title = {A Review of Domed Cities and Architecture: Past, Present and Future}, series = {Future cities and environment}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Future cities and environment}, number = {Volume 8, issue 1}, publisher = {Ubiquity Press Limited}, address = {London}, doi = {10.5334/fce.154}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221103-47335}, pages = {1 -- 9}, abstract = {The goal of architecture is changing in response to the expanding role of cities, rapid urbanization, and transformation under changing economic, environmental, social, and demographic factors. As cities increased in the early modern era, overcrowding, urbanization, and pollution conditions led reformers to consider the future shape of the cities. One of the most critical topics in contemporary architecture is the subject of the future concepts of living. In most cases, domed cities, as a future concept of living, are rarely considered, and they are used chiefly as "utopian" visions in the discourse of future ways of living. This paper highlights the reviews of domed cities to deepen the understanding of the idea in practice, like its approach in terms of architecture. The main aim of this paper is to provide a broad overview for domed cities in the face of pollution as one of the main concerns in many European cities. As a result, the significance of the reviews of the existing projects is focused on their conceptual quality. This review will pave the way for further studies in terms of future developments in the realm of domed cities. In this paper, the city of Celje, one of the most polluted cities in Slovenia, is taken as a case study for considering the concept of Dome incorporated due to the lack of accessible literature on the topic. This review's primary contribution is to allow architects to explore a broad spectrum of innovation by comparing today's achievable statuses against the possibilities generated by domed cities. As a result of this study, the concept of living under the Dome remains to be developed in theory and practice. The current challenging climatic situation will accelerate the evolution of these concepts, resulting in the formation of new typologies, which are a requirement for humanity.}, subject = {Architektur}, language = {en} } @article{ChowdhuryZabel, author = {Chowdhury, Sharmistha and Zabel, Volkmar}, title = {Influence of loading sequence on wind induced fatigue assessment of bolts in TV-tower connection block}, series = {Results in Engineering}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Results in Engineering}, number = {Volume 16, article 100603}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100603}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221028-47303}, pages = {1 -- 18}, abstract = {Bolted connections are widely employed in structures like transmission poles, wind turbines, and television (TV) towers. The behaviour of bolted connections is often complex and plays a significant role in the overall dynamic characteristics of the structure. The goal of this work is to conduct a fatigue lifecycle assessment of such a bolted connection block of a 193 m tall TV tower, for which 205 days of real measurement data have been obtained from the installed monitoring devices. Based on the recorded data, the best-fit stochastic wind distribution for 50 years, the decisive wind action, and the locations to carry out the fatigue analysis have been decided. A 3D beam model of the entire tower is developed to extract the nodal forces corresponding to the connection block location under various mean wind speeds, which is later coupled with a detailed complex finite element model of the connection block, with over three million degrees of freedom, for acquiring stress histories on some pre-selected bolts. The random stress histories are analysed using the rainflow counting algorithm (RCA) and the damage is estimated using Palmgren-Miner's damage accumulation law. A modification is proposed to integrate the loading sequence effect into the RCA, which otherwise is ignored, and the differences between the two RCAs are investigated in terms of the accumulated damage.}, subject = {Schadensakkumulation}, language = {en} } @article{MaiwaldSchwarzKaufmannetal., author = {Maiwald, Holger and Schwarz, Jochen and Kaufmann, Christian and Langhammer, Tobias and Golz, Sebastian and Wehner, Theresa}, title = {Innovative Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Urban Areas against Flood Events: Prognosis of Structural Damage with a New Approach Considering Flow Velocity}, series = {Water}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Water}, number = {Volume 14, issue 18, article 2793}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/w14182793}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221012-47254}, pages = {1 -- 28}, abstract = {The floods in 2002 and 2013, as well as the recent flood of 2021, caused billions Euros worth of property damage in Germany. The aim of the project Innovative Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Urban Areas against Flood Events (INNOVARU) involved the development of a practicable flood damage model that enables realistic damage statements for the residential building stock. In addition to the determination of local flood risks, it also takes into account the vulnerability of individual buildings and allows for the prognosis of structural damage. In this paper, we discuss an improved method for the prognosis of structural damage due to flood impact. Detailed correlations between inundation level and flow velocities depending on the vulnerability of the building types, as well as the number of storeys, are considered. Because reliable damage data from events with high flow velocities were not available, an innovative approach was adopted to cover a wide range of flow velocities. The proposed approach combines comprehensive damage data collected after the 2002 flood in Germany with damage data of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami in Japan. The application of the developed methods enables a reliable reinterpretation of the structural damage caused by the August flood of 2002 in six study areas in the Free State of Saxony.}, subject = {Bauschaden}, language = {en} } @article{ArnoldKraus, author = {Arnold, Robert and Kraus, Matthias}, title = {On the nonstationary identification of climate-influenced loads for the semi-probabilistic approach using measured and projected data}, series = {Cogent Engineering}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Cogent Engineering}, number = {Volume 9, issue 1, article 2143061}, editor = {Pham, Duc}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/23311916.2022.2143061}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221117-47363}, pages = {1 -- 26}, abstract = {A safe and economic structural design based on the semi-probabilistic concept requires statistically representative safety elements, such as characteristic values, design values, and partial safety factors. Regarding climate loads, the safety levels of current design codes strongly reflect experiences based on former measurements and investigations assuming stationary conditions, i.e. involving constant frequencies and intensities. However, due to climate change, occurrence of corresponding extreme weather events is expected to alter in the future influencing the reliability and safety of structures and their components. Based on established approaches, a systematically refined data-driven methodology for the determination of design parameters considering nonstationarity as well as standardized targets of structural reliability or safety, respectively, is therefore proposed. The presented procedure picks up fundamentals of European standardization and extends them with respect to nonstationarity by applying a shifting time window method. Taking projected snow loads into account, the application of the method is exemplarily demonstrated and various influencing parameters are discussed.}, subject = {Reliabilit{\"a}t}, language = {en} } @article{ChowdhuryKraus, author = {Chowdhury, Sharmistha and Kraus, Matthias}, title = {Design-related reassessment of structures integrating Bayesian updating of model safety factors}, series = {Results in Engineering}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Results in Engineering}, number = {Volume 16, article 100560}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100560}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221028-47294}, pages = {1 -- 1}, abstract = {In the semi-probabilistic approach of structural design, the partial safety factors are defined by considering some degree of uncertainties to actions and resistance, associated with the parameters' stochastic nature. However, uncertainties for individual structures can be better examined by incorporating measurement data provided by sensors from an installed health monitoring scheme. In this context, the current study proposes an approach to revise the partial safety factor for existing structures on the action side, γE by integrating Bayesian model updating. A simple numerical example of a beam-like structure with artificially generated measurement data is used such that the influence of different sensor setups and data uncertainties on revising the safety factors can be investigated. It is revealed that the health monitoring system can reassess the current capacity reserve of the structure by updating the design safety factors, resulting in a better life cycle assessment of structures. The outcome is furthermore verified by analysing a real life small railway steel bridge ensuring the applicability of the proposed method to practical applications.}, subject = {Lebenszyklus}, language = {en} } @article{HarirchianIsik, author = {Harirchian, Ehsan and Isik, Ercan}, title = {A Comparative Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Eastern Turkey (Bitlis) Based on Updated Hazard Map and Its Effect on Regular RC Structures}, series = {Buildings}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Buildings}, number = {Volume 12, issue 10, article 1573}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/buildings12101573}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221028-47283}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {Determining the earthquake hazard of any settlement is one of the primary studies for reducing earthquake damage. Therefore, earthquake hazard maps used for this purpose must be renewed over time. Turkey Earthquake Hazard Map has been used instead of Turkey Earthquake Zones Map since 2019. A probabilistic seismic hazard was performed by using these last two maps and different attenuation relationships for Bitlis Province (Eastern Turkey) were located in the Lake Van Basin, which has a high seismic risk. The earthquake parameters were determined by considering all districts and neighborhoods in the province. Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses were carried out for these settlements using seismic sources and four different attenuation relationships. The obtained values are compared with the design spectrum stated in the last two earthquake maps. Significant differences exist between the design spectrum obtained according to the different exceedance probabilities. In this study, adaptive pushover analyses of sample-reinforced concrete buildings were performed using the design ground motion level. Structural analyses were carried out using three different design spectra, as given in the last two seismic design codes and the mean spectrum obtained from attenuation relationships. Different design spectra significantly change the target displacements predicted for the performance levels of the buildings.}, subject = {Erbeben}, language = {en} }