@article{AbrahamczykUzair, author = {Abrahamczyk, Lars and Uzair, Aanis}, title = {On the use of climate models for estimating the non-stationary characteristic values of climatic actions in civil engineering practice}, series = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Built Environment}, number = {volume 9, article 1108328}, publisher = {Frontier Media}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fbuil.2023.1108328}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230524-63751}, pages = {1 -- 9}, abstract = {The characteristic values of climatic actions in current structural design codes are based on a specified probability of exceedance during the design working life of a structure. These values are traditionally determined from the past observation data under a stationary climate assumption. However, this assumption becomes invalid in the context of climate change, where the frequency and intensity of climatic extremes varies with respect to time. This paper presents a methodology to calculate the non-stationary characteristic values using state of the art climate model projections. The non-stationary characteristic values are calculated in compliance with the requirements of structural design codes by forming quasi-stationary windows of the entire bias-corrected climate model data. Three approaches for the calculation of non-stationary characteristic values considering the design working life of a structure are compared and their consequences on exceedance probability are discussed.}, subject = {Klima{\"a}nderung}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{JianpingTianyiQiping2004, author = {Jianping, Zhang and Tianyi, Ma and Qiping, Shen}, title = {Application of Data Warehouse and Data Mining in Construction Management}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.124}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1247}, year = {2004}, abstract = {All construction project are constrained by their schedules, budgets and specifications, and safety and environmental regulations. These constraints made construction management more complex and difficult. At the same time, many historical data that can support the decisions in the future are kept in construction enterprises,. To use the historical data effectively and efficiently, it is essential to apply the data warehouse and data mining technologies. This paper introduces a research which aims to develop a data warehouse system according to the requirements of construction enterprises and use data mining technology to learn useful information and knowledge from the data warehouse system. The design, the development and the application of this system are detailedly introduced in this paper.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{XieIssaO'Brien2004, author = {Xie, Haiyan and Issa, Raja and O'Brien, William}, title = {Structure of a Formal User Model for Construction Information Retrieval}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.129}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1296}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Information science researchers and developers have spent many years addressing the problem of retrieving the exact information needed and using it for analysis purposes. In informationseeking dialogues, the user, i.e. construction project manager or supplier, often asks questions about specific aspects of the tasks they want to perform. But most of the time it is difficult for the software systems to unambiguously understand their overall intentions. The existence of information tunnels (Tannenbaum 2002) aggravates this phenomenon. This study includes a detailed case study of the material management process in the construction industry. Based on this case study, the structure of a formal user model for information retrieval in construction management is proposed. This prototype user model will be incorporated into the system design for construction information management and retrieval. This information retrieval system is a user-centered product based on the development of a user configurable visitor mechanism for managing and retrieving project information without worrying too much about the underlying data structure of the database system. An executable UML model combined with OODB is used to reduce the ambiguity in the user's intentions and to achieve user satisfaction.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @article{WillenbacherHuebler2004, author = {Willenbacher, Heiko and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard}, title = {Intelligent Link-Management for the Support of Integration in Building Life Cycle}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.222}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2223}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The processes in the life cycle of buildings are characterised by highly distinct teamwork. The integration of all the distributed working participants, by providing an environment, which especially supports the communication and collaboration between the actors, is a fundamental step to improve the efficiency of the involved processes and to reduce the total costs. In this article, a link based modelling approach and its "intelligent" link management is introduced (1). This approach realises an integration environment based on a special building model that acts as a decision support system. The link-based modelling is characterised by the definition and specialisation of links between partial models. These intelligent managed links enable a very flexible and task specific data access and exchange between all the different views and partial models of the participants.}, subject = {Mehragentensystem}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilesCenTaylor2004, author = {Miles, John and Cen, Mei and Taylor, Mark}, title = {Linking Sketching and Constraint Checking for Early Conceptual Design}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.1548}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1547}, year = {2004}, abstract = {At the start of the conceptual design process, designers start to give tangible form to their thoughts by sketching. This helps with reasoning and communicates ideas to other members of the team. Sketches are gradually worked up into more formal drawings which are then passed to the other stages of the design process. There are however some problems with basing early ideas on sketching. For example, due to their ad-hoc nature, sketches tend only to be diagrammatic representations and so designers cannot be sure that their ideas are feasible and what is being proposed meets the constraints described in the client brief. This can result in designers wasting time working up ideas which prove to be unsuitable. Also the process of constraint checking is complex and time consuming and so designers tend limit their search of possible options and instead choose satisfying rather than good solutions. This paper describes the INTEGRA project which examines the role of sketching in early conceptual design and how this can be linked to other aspects of the process and particularly automated constraint checking using an IT based approach. The focus for the work is the design of framed buildings. A multi-disciplinary approach has been adopted and the work has been undertaken in close collaboration with practising designers and clients.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} } @inproceedings{CheungNoruziaanLi2004, author = {Cheung, Moe M. S. and Noruziaan, Bahman and Li, W. C.}, title = {Data acquisition, processing and management systems for a Canadian bridge monitoring project}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.123}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1235}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper will present a number of technical aspects for one of the most elaborate instrumentation and data acquisition projects ever undertaken in Canada. Confederation Bridge, the longest bridge built over ice covered seawater has been equipped with the state of the art data acquistition devices and systems as well as data transfer networks. The Bridge has been providing a fixed surface connection between Prince Edward Island and Province of New Brunswick in Canada since its opening in 1997. The Bridge has a rather long design service life of 100 years. Because of its large size and long span length, its design is not covered by any existing codes or standards worldwide. The focus of the paper is to introduce the data acquisition, transfer, processing and management systems. The instrumentation and communications infrastructure and devices will be presented in some details along with the data processing and management systems and techniques. Teams of engineers and researchers use the collected data to verify the analysis and design assumptions and parameters as well as investigate the short-term and long-term behaviour and health of the Bridge. The collected data are also used in furthering research activities in the field of bridge engineering and in elevating our knowledge about behaviour, reliability and durability of such complex structures, their components and materials.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaueWeitzmann2004, author = {Raue, Erich and Weitzmann, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Analysis and Design of Hybrid Structures using Optimization Strategies}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.102}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1023}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper gives a general overview and concerns with a specified set of computer-aided analysis modules for hybrid structures loaded by extreme excitations. All problems are solved by methods of linear, quadratic or nonlinear mathematical optimization, that leads to very effective and economic design solutions. All approaches are derived from general optimization problem that can be easily altered to conform to specific design tasks. Some advantages and possibilities of hybrid structural modeling (single or mixed model-supported) are discussed. The methods will be illustrated by an example structure and optimization schemes.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MaWongYang2004, author = {Ma, Zhiliang and Wong, K. D. and Yang, Jun}, title = {An Approach to Utilizing Exchanged Documents in Construction Projects Based on Data Warehouse Technology}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.122}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1227}, year = {2004}, abstract = {There are many construction projects in China and mass documents are exchanged among the multi-party, including the owner, the contractor and the engineer in the projects. Based on previous studies, an approach to the utilization of the exchanged documents is established by using data warehouse technology and a prototype system called EXPLYZER is developed. The approach and the prototype system are verified through their application in a construction project. It is concluded that the approach can support the decision-making in project management.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @article{SemenovAlekseevaTarlapan2004, author = {Semenov, Vitaly and Alekseeva, Elena and Tarlapan, Oleg}, title = {Virtual Construction using Map-based Approach}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.244}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2447}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The paper presents a general map-based approach to prototyping of products in virtual reality environments. Virtual prototyping of products is considered as a consistent simulation and visualization process mapping the source product model into its target visual representations. The approach enables to interrelate formally the product and visual information models with each other by defining mapping rules, to specify a prototyping scenario as a composition of map instances, and then to explore particular product models in virtual reality environments by interpreting the composed scenario. Having been realized, the proposed approach provides for the strongly formalized method and the common software framework to build virtual prototyping applications. As a result, the applications gain in expressiveness, reusability and reliability, as well as take on additional runtime flexibility...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @article{KiviniemiFischer2004, author = {Kiviniemi, Arto and Fischer, Martin}, title = {Requirements Management Interface to Building Product Models}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.242}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2427}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In current AEC practice client requirements are typically recorded in a building program, which, depending on the building type, covers various aspects from the overall goals, activities and spatial needs to very detailed material and condition requirements. This documentation is used as the starting point of the design process, but as the design progresses, it is usually left aside and changes are made incrementally based on the previous design solution. These incremental small changes can lead to a solution that may no longer meet the original requirements. In addition, design is by nature an iterative process and the proposed solutions often also cause evolution in the client requirements. However, the requirements documentation is usually not updated accordingly. Finding the latest updates and evolution of the requirements from the documentation is very difficult, if not impossible. This process can lead to an end result, which is significantly different from the documented requirements. Some important requirements may not be satisfied, and even if the design process was based on agreed-upon changes in the scope and requirements, differences in the requirements documents and in the completed building can lead to well-justified doubts about the quality of the design and construction process...}, subject = {Produktmodell}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoukampAkinci2004, author = {Boukamp, Frank and Akinci, Burcu}, title = {Towards Automated Defect Detection: Object-oriented Modeling of Construction Specifications}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.131}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1315}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper describes an ongoing research on the representation and reasoning about construction specifications, which is part of a bigger research project that aims at developing a formalism for automating the identification of deviations and defects on construction sites. We specifically describe the requirements on product and process models and an approach for representing and reasoning about construction specifications to enable automated detection and assessment of construction deviations and defects. This research builds on the previous research on modeling design specifications and extends and elaborates concept of contexts developed in that domain. The paper provides an overview of how the construction specifications are being modele d in this research and points out future steps that need to be accomplished to develop the envisioned automated deviation and defect detection system.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{O'BrienDansoAmoakoIssa2004, author = {O'Brien, William and Danso-Amoako, Mark and Issa, Raja}, title = {A Case Study of IFC and CIS/2 Support for Steel Supply Chain Processes}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.119}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1195}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The evolution of data exchange and integration standards within the Architectural, Engineering and Construction industry is gradually making the long-held vision of computer-integratedconstruction a reality. The Industry Foundations Classes and CIMSteel Integration Standards are two such standards that have seen remarkable successes over the past few years. Despite successes, these standards support the exchange of product data more than they do process data, especially those processes that are loosely coupled with product models. This paper reports on on-going research to evaluate the adequacy of the IFC and CIS/2 standards to support process modeling in the steel supply chain. Some initial recommendations are made regarding enhancements to the data standards to better support processes.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @article{Fink2004, author = {Fink, Thomas}, title = {Structural analysis, design and detailing using standard CAD software and standard building information model}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.270}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2702}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper describes the concept of a german commercial software package developed for the needs of structural engineers. Using a standard CAD software as user interface for all geometrical data and to save all important input data, there is a natural link to upcoming building information models.}, subject = {Bauindustrie}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WardThorpePrice2004, author = {Ward, Michael and Thorpe, Tony and Price, Andrew}, title = {The Re-use of Site Data to Inform Business Processes}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.130}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1308}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The increased implementation of site data capture technologies invariably results in an increase in data warehousing and database technologies to store captured data. However, restricted use of data beyond the initial application could potentially result in a loss of understanding of site processes. This could in turn lead to poor decision making at production, tactical and strategic levels. Concrete usage data have been collected from two piling processes. These data have been analysed and the results highlighted potential improvements that could be made to existing site management and estimating processes. A cost benefit analysis has been used to support decision making at the strategic level where the identified improvements require capital expenditure.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PetersenSeewald2004, author = {Petersen, Michael and Seewald, Gerrit}, title = {Establishing of fundamentals in building projects using web services}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.127}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1273}, year = {2004}, abstract = {During the establishing of fundamentals in a building project a huge amount of influence factors and boundary conditions have to be investigated in order to provide the prerequisites for further planning processes. These investigative tasks are often related with a great effort concerning time and money, because there are no standardized workflows and interfaces which provide an efficient access to the necessary information related to a specific construction site. Within the fundamental investigation human and natural circumstances have to be taken into account. Thus, in this project two examples have been chosen in order to demonstrate the holistic approach for an integration and provision of georeferenced information. The developed internet-site http://www.grundlagenermittlung.de has been designed to support architects and civil engineers in early planning phases of a building project efficiently. It offers web-based services based on dynamic interfaces for a flexible search and collection of information concerning the building site. Therefore, a central Metadatabase-Server for Description, Discovery and Integration has been established which enables a registration of georeferenced services and the redirection of incoming requests to other, distributed data pools. Using this Yellow-Page concept in combination with the underlying meta-data based on the ISO 19115 standard an efficient investigation of geographical and environmental information becomes possible.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WellmannJelicBaitschHartmann2004, author = {Wellmann Jelic, Andres and Baitsch, Matthias and Hartmann, Dietrich}, title = {Distributed computing of failure probabilities for structures in civil engineering}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.103}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1030}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In this contribution the software design and implementation of an analysis server for the computation of failure probabilities in structural engineering is presented. The structures considered are described in terms of an equivalent Finite Element model, the stochastic properties, like e.g. the scatter of the material behavior or the incoming load, are represented using suitable random variables. Within the software framework, a Client-Server-Architecture has been implemented, employing the middleware CORBA for the communication between the distributed modules. The analysis server offers the possibility to compute failure probabilities for stochastically defined structures. Therefore, several different approximation (FORM, SORM) and simulation methods (Monte Carlo Simulation and Importance Sampling) have been implemented. This paper closes in showing several examples computed on the analysis server.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BaitschHartmann2004, author = {Baitsch, Matthias and Hartmann, Dietrich}, title = {Object Oriented Finite Element Analysis for Structural Optimization using p-Elements}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.108}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1089}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The optimization of continuous structures requires careful attention to discretization errors. Compared to ordinary low order formulation (h-elements) in conjunction with an adaptive mesh refinement in each optimization step, the use of high order finite elements (so called p-elements) has several advantages. However, compared to the h-method a higher order finite element analysis program poses higher demands from a software engineering point of view. In this article the basics of an object oriented higher order finite element system especially tailored to the use in structural optimization is presented. Besides the design of the system, aspects related to the employed implementation language Java are discussed.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BedardMoraRivard2004, author = {B{\´e}dard, Claude and Mora, Rodrigo and Rivard, Hugues}, title = {A Framework for Computer-Aided Conceptual Design of Building Structures}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.101}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1018}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper describes a framework for computer-aided conceptual design of building structures that results from building architectural considerations. The central task that is carried out during conceptual design is the synthesis of the structural system. This paper proposes a methodology for the synthesis of structural solutions. Given the nature of architectural constraints, user-model interactivity is devised as the most suitable computer methodology for driving the structural synthesis process. Taking advantage of the hierarchical organization of the structural system, this research proposes a top-down approach for structural synthesis. Through hierarchical refinement, the approach lends itself to the synthesis of global and local structural solutions. The components required for implementing the proposed methodology are briefly described. The main components have been incorporated in a proof-of-concept prototype that is being tested and validated with actual buildings.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Pavlov2004, author = {Pavlov, Alexander}, title = {Data Transfer and Objects Recognition in Building Design}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.126}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1265}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The problem of data interoperability is now very important. The formal description of construction systems and objects must base upon the modeling for the description of construction data domain. The XML-language was selected as a basis of a universal data format, ensuring natural hierarchy of objects, flexibility, good layout and expandability. The language, developed by the author, is called Building Object Description Extensible Markup Language (bodXML). The types of all objects used by data transfer should be definite beforehand with existing methods of programming. It limits the possibilities of IT in application of new types. But the recipient software must recognize the building objects even if the kind of object is unknown at the outset. The author offers a set of main topological and geometric properties being sufficient for recognition of main three-dimensional building constructions with flat edges. The tests of artificial neuron network have shown that the recognition of a kind of the constructions represented as a set of indicated parameters happens enough confidently.}, subject = {Bauwerk}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PengLawLau2004, author = {Peng, Jun and Law, Kincho and Lau, Gloria}, title = {Internet-Enabled Software Model for Nonlinear Structural Analysis and Simulations}, doi = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.105}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1057}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper describes an Internet-enabled software model that could facilitate the development and utilization of nonlinear structural analysis programs. The software model allows users easy access to the analysis core program and the analysis results by using a web-browser or other application programs. In addition, new and legacy codes can be incorporated as distributed services and be integrated with the software framework from disparate sites. A distributed project management system, taking advantages of Internet and database technologies, is implemented to store and manage model information and simulation results. Nonlinear dynamic analysis and simulations of a bridge structure is performed to illustrate the facilities of the Internet-enabled software model.}, subject = {Konzipieren }, language = {en} }