@article{Schwerzmann,
  author    = {Schwerzmann, Katia},
  title     = {Abolish! Against the Use of Risk Assessment Algorithms at Sentencing in the US Criminal Justice System},
  series = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13347-021-00491-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20211207-45417},
  pages     = {1 -- 22},
  abstract  = {In this article, I show why it is necessary to abolish the use of predictive algorithms in the US criminal justice system at sentencing. After presenting the functioning of these algorithms in their context of emergence, I offer three arguments to demonstrate why their abolition is imperative. First, I show that sentencing based on predictive algorithms induces a process of rewriting the temporality of the judged individual, flattening their life into a present inescapably doomed by its past. Second, I demonstrate that recursive processes, comprising predictive algorithms and the decisions based on their predictions, systematically suppress outliers and progressively transform reality to match predictions. In my third and final argument, I show that decisions made on the basis of predictive algorithms actively perform a biopolitical understanding of justice as management and modulation of risks. In such a framework, justice becomes a means to maintain a perverse social homeostasis that systematically exposes disenfranchised Black and Brown populations to risk.},
  subject      = {Biopolitik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Muhle,
  author    = {Muhle, Maria},
  title     = {The vitality of power. A genealogy of biopolitics with Foucault and Canguilhem},
  series = {Revista de Ciencia Politica},
  journal   = {Revista de Ciencia Politica},
  doi       = {10.4067/S0718-090X2009000100008},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170428-31735},
  pages     = {143 -- 163},
  abstract  = {This text proposes a genealogy of biopolitics based on Michel Foucault's thought, and on an understanding of it as a philosophico-political notion. In order to elaborate this genealogy, the text takes as its starting point not only politics but also life, as the second component of the term. The hypothesis is the following: To understand what biopolitics means, we have to take seriously Foucault's assertion of an indetermination of life, as the correlate of power and knowledge. This notion emerges in the epistemic break that takes place around 1800 and that entails the opening up of the notion of biopolitics under the name of governmentality, implying that life is not only the object of biopolitics but also serves as its model.},
  subject      = {Biopolitik},
  language  = {es}
}