@article{NohPark2004,
  author    = {Noh, Jung-Hwi and Park, Jong-Heon},
  title     = {A Calculation of Initial Cable Force for Ko-Ha Grand Bridge},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.245},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2459},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The primary objective of initial shape analysis of a cable stayed bridge is to calculate initial installation cable tension forces and to evaluate fabrication camber of main span and pylon providing the final longitudinal profile of the bridge at the end of construction. In addition, the initial cable forces depending on the alternation of the bridge's shape can be obtained from the analysis, and will be used to provide construction safety during construction. In this research, we conducted numerical experiments for initial shape of Ko-ha bridge, which will be constructed in the near future, using three different typical methods such as continuous beam method, linear truss method, and IIMF (Introducing Initial Member Force) method},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{O'BrienDansoAmoakoIssa2004,
  author    = {O'Brien, William and Danso-Amoako, Mark and Issa, Raja},
  title     = {A Case Study of IFC and CIS/2 Support for Steel Supply Chain Processes},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.119},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1195},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The evolution of data exchange and integration standards within the Architectural, Engineering and Construction industry is gradually making the long-held vision of computer-integratedconstruction a reality. The Industry Foundations Classes and CIMSteel Integration Standards are two such standards that have seen remarkable successes over the past few years. Despite successes, these standards support the exchange of product data more than they do process data, especially those processes that are loosely coupled with product models. This paper reports on on-going research to evaluate the adequacy of the IFC and CIS/2 standards to support process modeling in the steel supply chain. Some initial recommendations are made regarding enhancements to the data standards to better support processes.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeerFirmenichRichter2004,
  author    = {Beer, Daniel G. and Firmenich, Berthold and Richter, Torsten},
  title     = {A Concept for CAD Systems with Persistent Versioned Data Models},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.204},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2046},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The synchronous distributed processing of common source code in the software development process is supported by well proven methods. The planning process has similarities with the software development process. However, there are no consistent and similarly successful methods for applications in construction projects. A new approach is proposed in this contribution.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TsutsumiHashimoto2004,
  author    = {Tsutsumi, Kazutoshi and Hashimoto, Hiromi},
  title     = {A Development of the Building Kansei Information Retrieval System},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.188},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1884},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this research is to develop the method to retrieve a building name from the impression of the building. First, the images of the building are registered as database by the questionnaire. Next, the images of the objective building are compared with the degree of matching in image databases, and the building with high synthetic matching degree is retrieved. This system could get a good retrieval result. Moreover, image processing was done, and image databases are trained by neural network from the amount of characteristics of the image, and the retrieval system by image processing was examined.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FreundtBeucke2004,
  author    = {Freundt, Martin and Beucke, Karl},
  title     = {A flexible model for scheduling building processes based on graph theory and fuzzy numbers},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.158},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1587},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The methods currently used for scheduling building processes have some major advantages as well as disadvantages. The main advantages are the arrangement of the tasks of a project in a clear, easily readable form and the calculation of valuable information like critical paths. The main disadvantage on the other hand is the inflexibility of the model caused by the modeling paradigms. Small changes of the modeled information strongly influence the whole model and lead to the need to change many more details in the plan. In this article an approach is introduced allowing the creation of more flexible schedules. It aims towards a more robust model that lowers the need to change more than a few information while being able to calculate the important propositions of the known models and leading to further valuable conclusions.},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchapkeScherer2004,
  author    = {Schapke, Sven-Eric and Scherer, Raimar J.},
  title     = {A Four Layer Bayesian Network for Product Model Based Information Mining},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.120},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1207},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Business and engineering knowledge in AEC/FM is captured mainly implicitly in project and corporate document repositories. Even with the increasing integration of model-based systems with project information spaces, a large percentage of the information exchange will further on rely on isolated and rather poorly structured text documents. In this paper we propose an approach enabling the use of product model data as a primary source of engineering knowledge to support information externalisation from relevant construction documents, to provide for domain-specific information retrieval, and to help in re-organising and re-contextualising documents in accordance to the user's discipline-specific tasks and information needs. Suggested is a retrieval and mining framework combining methods for analysing text documents, filtering product models and reasoning on Bayesian networks to explicitly represent the content of text repositories in personalisable semantic content networks. We describe the proposed basic network that can be realised on short-term using minimal product model information as well as various extensions towards a full-fledged added value integration of document-based and model-based information.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BedardMoraRivard2004,
  author    = {B{\´e}dard, Claude and Mora, Rodrigo and Rivard, Hugues},
  title     = {A Framework for Computer-Aided Conceptual Design of Building Structures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.101},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1018},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper describes a framework for computer-aided conceptual design of building structures that results from building architectural considerations. The central task that is carried out during conceptual design is the synthesis of the structural system. This paper proposes a methodology for the synthesis of structural solutions. Given the nature of architectural constraints, user-model interactivity is devised as the most suitable computer methodology for driving the structural synthesis process. Taking advantage of the hierarchical organization of the structural system, this research proposes a top-down approach for structural synthesis. Through hierarchical refinement, the approach lends itself to the synthesis of global and local structural solutions. The components required for implementing the proposed methodology are briefly described. The main components have been incorporated in a proof-of-concept prototype that is being tested and validated with actual buildings.},
  subject      = {Konzipieren <Technik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaQin2004,
  author    = {Ma, Zhiliang and Qin, Liang},
  title     = {A Framework of Management Information System for Construction Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.212},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2126},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A comprehensive framework of information management system for construction projects in China has been established through extensive literature survey and field investigation. It utilizes the potential information technologies and covers the practical management patterns as well as the major aspects of construction project management. It can be used to guide and evaluate the design of the information management systems for construction projects in order to make the system to be applicable to a wide variety of construction projects and survive the changes in project management.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RickeltReese2004,
  author    = {Rickelt, Christian and Reese, Stefanie},
  title     = {A model adaptive and model reduction strategy combining system-theoretical methods and substructuring},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.151},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1516},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper focuses on a new three-level discretisation strategy which enables the transition between continuum/structural (I) and structural/black box modelling (II). The transition (I) is realised by means of a model adaptive concept based on an innovative finite element technology. For transition (II) we apply the truncated balanced realisation method (TBR). The latter represents an established system theoretical model reduction technique which is here combined with a novel substructure technique. The approach provides a modular concept to facilitate the computational analysis of complex structures. The final goal is to apply the strategy to life time estimation.},
  subject      = {Adaptives System},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElRayesHyari2004,
  author    = {El-Rayes, Khaled and Hyari, Khalied},
  title     = {A Multi-objective Model for Optimizing Construction Planning of Repetitive Infrastructure Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.213},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2135},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the development of a model for optimizing resource utilization in repetitive infrastructure projects. The model provides the capability of simultaneous minimization of both project duration and work interruptions for construction crews. The model provides in a single run, a set of nondominated solutions that represent the tradeoff between these two objectives. The model incorporates a multiobjective genetic algorithm and scheduling algorithm. The model initially generates a randomly selected set of solutions that evolves to a near optimal set of tradeoff solutions in subsequent generations. Each solution represents a unique scheduling solution that is associated with certain project duration and a number of interruption days for utilized construction crews. As such, the model provides project planners with alternative schedules along with their expected duration and resource utilization efficiency.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TahaSherifHegger2004,
  author    = {Taha, M. M. Reda and Sherif, Alaa and Hegger, Josef},
  title     = {A nouvelle approach for predicting the shear cracking angle in RC and PC beams using artificial neural networks},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.107},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1071},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The truss model for predicting shear resistance of reinforced concrete beams has usually been criticized because of its underestimation of the concrete shear strength especially for beams with low shear reinforcement. Two challengers are commonly encountered in any truss model and are responsible for its inaccurate shear strength prediction. First: the cracking angle is usually assumed empirically and second the shear contribution of the arching action is usually neglected. This research introduces a nouvelle approach, by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for accurately evaluating the shear cracking angle of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams. The model inputs include the beam geometry, concrete strength, the shear reinforcement ratio and the prestressing stress if any. ...},
  subject      = {Neuronales Netz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RueppelMeissnerGreb2004,
  author    = {Rueppel, Uwe and Meißner, Udo F. and Greb, Steffen},
  title     = {A Petri Net based Method for Distributed Process Modelling in Structural Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.133},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1338},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The contribution introduces a method for the distributed process modelling in order to support the process orientation in Structural Engineering, i.e., the modelling, analysis and management of planning processes. The approach is based on the Petri Net theory for the modelling of planning processes and workflows in Structural Engineering. Firstly, a central and coarse process model serves as a pre-structuring system for the detailed modelling of the technical planning activities. Secondly, the involved planning participants generate distributed process models with detailed technical workflow information. Finally, these distributed process models will be combined in the central workflow net. The final net is of great importance for the process orientation in Structural Engineering, i.e., the identification, publication, analysis, optimization and finally the management of planning processes.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MironovPahl2004,
  author    = {Mironov, Vadim and Pahl, Peter Jan},
  title     = {A Prismatic Finite Element for Accurate Arch Dam Analysis},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.246},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2467},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The displacements and stresses in arch dams and their abutments are frequently determined with 20-node brick elements. The elements are distorted near the contact plane between the wall and the abutment. A cantilever beam testbed has been developed to investigate the consequences of this distortion. It is shown that the deterioration of the accuracy in the computed stresses is significant. A compatible 18-node wedge element with linear stress variation is developed as an alternative to the brick element. The shape of this element type is readily adapted to the shape of the contact plane. It is shown that the accuracy of the computed stresses in the vicinity of the contact plane is improved significantly by the use of wedge elements.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FahrigNachtweyGellert2004,
  author    = {Fahrig, Torsten and Nachtwey, Bj{\"o}rn and Gellert, Sebastian},
  title     = {A Product Model based Approach to Interactive CAE Design Optimization},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.190},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1901},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {We present a software prototype for fluid flow problems in civil engineering, which combines essential features of Computational Steering approaches with efficient methods for model transfer and high performance computing. The main components of the system are described: - The modeler with a focus on the data management of the product model - The pre-processing and the post-processing toolkit - The simulation kernel based on the Lattice Boltzmann method - The required hardware for real-time computing},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KitagawaTanakaFuruta2004,
  author    = {Kitagawa, Estuji and Tanaka, Shigenori and Furuta, Hitoshi},
  title     = {A research about the automatic construction of Web/3D model house from 2D digital pictures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.170},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1702},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In recent years, the survey is performed for repair, such as a bridge and a building built in past, spending great expense. And it is anxious for the survey technique that doesn't need cost and time more. Then, we made an idea of the technique of precise 3D model creation by 2D pictures. However, the technique of performing the improvement in accuracy of convergent photographing and automatic acquisition of corresponding points was not established. Therefore, in this research, we try to obtain a semi-automation of corresponding points acquisition from initial corresponding points and the improvement in accuracy of convergent photographing. Moreover, we applied the research to the used house of Japanese real estate, and the applicable field was selected as the high needs of the residence of 3D model. And we developed the system that everyone could create Web / 3D model house by VRML easily without requiring expensive apparatuses or expertise.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ChengLauLaw2004,
  author    = {Cheng, Jinxing and Lau, Gloria and Law, Kincho},
  title     = {A simulation access language and framework for project management applications},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.156},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1567},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {As computer programs become ever more complex, software development has shifted from focusing on programming towards focusing on integration. This paper describes a simulation access language (SimAL) that can be used to access and compose software applications over the Internet. Specifically, the framework is developed for the integration of tools for project management applications. The infrastructure allows users to specify and to use existing heterogeneous tools (e.g., Microsoft Project, Microsoft Excel, Primavera Project Planner, and AutoCAD) for simulation of project scenarios. This paper describes the components of the SimAL language and the implementation efforts required in the development of the SimAL framework. An illustration example bringing on-line weather forecasting service for project scheduling and management applications is provided to demonstrate the use of the simulation language and the infrastructure framework.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YabukiKotaniShitani2004,
  author    = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Kotani, Jun and Shitani, Tomoaki},
  title     = {A Steel Bridge Design System Architecture using VR-CAD and Web Service-based Multi-Agents},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.214},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2146},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a new design environment based on Multi-Agents and Virtual Reality (VR). In this research, a design system with a virtual reality function was developed. The virtual world was realized by using GL4Java, liquid crystal shutter glasses, sensor systems, etc. And the Multi-Agent CAD system with product models, which had been developed before, was integrated with the VR design system. A prototype system was developed for highway steel plate girder bridges, and was applied to a design problem. The application verified the effectiveness of the developed system.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoikeMorimotoImamura2004,
  author    = {Koike, Hirotaka and Morimoto, Akinori and Imamura, Maki},
  title     = {A Study on the Relationships of Residential Electricity Consumption and Automobile Energy Consumption with Urban Forms Using GIS},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.269},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2690},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this Paper, we explored the relation between the electricity consumption in residential sector and the automobile energy consumption in transportation sector in accordance with the location of city by employing Geographic Information System (GIS). We found in the study that the electricity consumption per capita has a tendency that is higher in city center and lower in suburbs in Utsunomiya city. It is also noted that there is little difference among total consumption between city center and suburbs, despite the fact that the density of electric appliances tends to increase in a small size house of city center and the amount of automobile energy consumption from residence is lower in city center than in suburbs.},
  subject      = {Geoinformationssystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{JianpingDongpingZhiliang2004,
  author    = {Jianping, Zhang and Dongping, Xiang and Zhiliang, Ma},
  title     = {A survey on application of information technologies in Chinese construction industry},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.171},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1717},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The construction industry is a supportive industry in China. IT (information technolgy), including computer technology and communication technology, as a whole is regarded as the most important means to upgrade the construction industry so that research projects were organized by Chinese government to further the application of IT in the construction industry. This study originated from one of the projects and is aimed at grasping the general situation on the application of IT in the construction industry. A questionnaire was designed for the survey, which used stratified proportional sampling method, and was carried out under the help of a government agency. This study can not only provide sound foundation for the government to make relative policies, but also reveal references for the firms in construction industry to apply IT in their business. This paper presents the preliminary result of the survey.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BothKohlerGessmann2004,
  author    = {Both, Petra von and Kohler, Niklaus and Gessmann, Robin},
  title     = {A virtual life cycle structured platform for building applications},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.121},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1219},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The development of a life cycle structured cooperation platform is described, which is based on an integrated process and goal-oriented project model. Furthermore the structure of a life cycle oriented object structure model and its implementation in the platform are documented. The complete conceptual model is described, which represents the basis of a lifecycle -oriented structuring of the planning object and supports the thematic classification of the object and project management data.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ThurowDonath2004,
  author    = {Thurow, Torsten and Donath, Dirk},
  title     = {A vision of an adaptive geometry model for computer-assisted building surveying},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.172},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1722},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper describes a concept for the step-by-step computer-aided capture and representation of geometric building data in the context of planning-oriented building surveying. Selected aspects of the concept have been implemented and tested as prototypes. The process of step-by-step capture and representation is determined by the order in which the user experiences the building. Only the information that the user knows (can see) or can reasonably deduce is represented. In addition approaches to the flexible combination of different measuring techniques and geometric abstractions are described which are based upon geodetic computational adjustment.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MenzelDittrichDomschke2004,
  author    = {Menzel, Karsten and Dittrich, J{\"o}rg and Domschke, Sven},
  title     = {About the implantation process of mobile computing in AEC},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.110},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1106},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The AEC industry is conscious of the potentials arising from the usage of mobile computer systems to increase productivity by streamlining their business processes. Discussions are no longer on whether or not to use a mobile computer solution, but rather, on how it should be used. However, the implantation process of this new technology in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) and Facility Management (FM) practise is very slow and should be improved. One way to encourage and ease the usage of mobile computer systems in AEC is a more process-oriented usability and context appropriateness of mobile computer solutions. Context-sensitivity is defined as a crucial feature to be taken into account for further research in the area of Mobile Computing. Context-sensitive, mobile IT-solutions depend on two features: (1) flexible definitions of (construction) processes describing the context and (2) tools for flexible, multi-dimensional information management representing the context. It is on this premise that the authors propose the n-dimensional data management approach for the implementation of mobile computing solutions. In this paper, we analyse working scenarios in the AEC and FM sector, defining context aspects which are transformed and formalized as dimension hierarchies of the envisaged context model.},
  subject      = {Mobile Computing},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Huhn2004,
  author    = {Huhn, Michael},
  title     = {Abstract and Concrete Scenarios in Concurrent Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.206},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2068},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {An architecture of a distributed planning system for the building industry has been developed. The emphasis is on highly collaborative environments in steelwork, timber construction etc. where designers concurrently handle 3D models. The overall system connects local design systems by the so-called Design Framework DFW. This framework consists of the definition of distributed components and protocols which make the collaborative design work. The process of collaborative design has been formalized on an abstract level. This paper describes how this has been done. A sample is given to illustrate the mapping of concrete scenarios of the 'real design world' to an abstract scenario level. This work is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG as part of the project SPP1103 (Meißner et al. 2003).},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KatzenbachMeissnerRueppel2004,
  author    = {Katzenbach, Rolf and Meißner, Udo F. and Rueppel, Uwe},
  title     = {Abstraction of Process Relevant Information from Geotechnical Standards and Regulations},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.95},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111028-1002},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper presents the abstraction of process relevant information in order to enable the workflow management based on semantic data. It is shown for three examples, how the standards define the information needed to perform a certain planning activity. Abstraction of process relevant information is discussed for different granularities of the underlying processmodel. As one possible application ProMiSE is introduced, which uses process relevant data in individual tokens in a petri-net based process-model.},
  subject      = {Geotechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AlbertFreischladPullmann2004,
  author    = {Albert, Andrej and Freischlad, Mark and Pullmann, Torben},
  title     = {Acquisition of Conceptual Design Knowledge in Structural Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.215},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2154},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Expert systems integrating fuzzy reasoning techniques represent a powerful tool to support practicing engineers during the early stages of structural design. In this context fuzzy models have proved themselves to be very suitable for the representation of complex design knowledge. However their definition is a laborious task. This paper introduces an approach for the design and the optimization of fuzzy systems based upon Genetic Programming. To keep the emerging fuzzy systems transparent a new framework for the definition of linguistic variables is also introduced.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LeeLee2004,
  author    = {Lee, Kangkun and Lee, Kijang},
  title     = {Additional bending moment for shear-lag phenomenon in tube structures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.247},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2472},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Framed-tube system with multiple internal tubes is analysed using an orthotropic box beam analogy approach in which each tube is individually modelled by a box beam that accounts for the flexural and shear deformations, as well as the shear-lag effects. A simple numerical modeling technique is proposed for estimating the shear-lag phenomenon in tube structures with multiple internal tubes. The proposed method idealizes the framed-tube structures with multiple internal tubes as equivalent multiple tubes, each composed of four equivalent orthotropic plate panels. The numerical analysis is based on the minimum potential energy principle in conjunction with the variational approach. The shear-lag phenomenon of such structures is studied taking into account the additional bending moments in the tubes. A detailed work is carried out through the numerical analysis of the additional bending moment. The moment factor is further introduced to identify the shear lag phenomenon along with the additional moment.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FruchterChao2004,
  author    = {Fruchter, Renate and Chao, Yunn Chyi},
  title     = {AEC Global Teamwork: Emergent Work Processes},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.191},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1912},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This ethnographic study reports on emerging work processes and practices observed in the AEC (Architecture/Engineering/Construction) Global Teamwork program, i.e., what people experience when interacting with and through collaboration technologies, why people practice in the way they do, how the practice fits into the environment and changes the work patterns. It presents the experience of two high-performance typical but extreme AEC teamwork cases adopting and adapting to collaboration technologies and how these technologies in practice impact their work processes. The findings illustrate the importance of collaboration technologies in cross-disciplinary, global teamwork. Observations indicate that high performance teams that use the collaboration technologies effectively exhibit collaboration readiness at an early stage and manage to define a "third way" to meet the demands of the cross-disciplinary, multi cultural and geographically distributed AEC workspace. The observations and implications represent the blueprint for yearly innovations and improvements to the design of the AEC Global Teamwork program.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Olivier2004,
  author    = {Olivier, A. H.},
  title     = {An application-centred framework for distributed engineering applications},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.135},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1353},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The conceptual structure of an application that can support the structural analysis task in a distributed collaboratory is described in (van Rooyen and Olivier 2004). The application described there has a standalone component for executing the finite element method on a local workstation in the absence of network access. This application is comparable to current, local workstation based finite element packages. However, it differs fundamentally from standard packages since the application itself, and its objects, are adapted to support distributed execution of the analysis task. Basic aspects of an object-oriented framework for the development of applications which can be used in similar distributed collaboratories are described in this paper. An important feature of this framework is its application-centred design. This means that an application can contain any number of engineering models, where the models are formed by the collection of objects according to semantic views within the application. This is achieved through very flexible classes Application and Model, which are described in detail. The advantages of the application-centred design approach is demonstrated with reference to the design of steel structures, where the finite element analysis model, member design model and connection design model interact to provide the required functionality.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GordonAkinciGarrett2004,
  author    = {Gordon, Chris and Akinci, Burcu and Garrett, James H.},
  title     = {An Approach for Planning Sensor-Based Inspection of the Built Environment},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.150},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1500},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The promise of lower costs for sensors that can be used for construction inspection means that inspectors will continue to have new choices to consider in creating inspection plans. However, these emerging inspection methods can require different activities, resources, and decisions such that it can be difficult to compare the emerging methods with other methods that satisfy the same inspection needs. Furthermore, the context in which inspection is performed can significantly influence how well certain inspection methods are suited for a given set of goals for inspection. Context information, such as weather, security, and the regulatory environment, can be used to understand what information about a component should be collected and how an inspection should be performed. The research described in this paper is aimed at developing an approach for comparing and selecting inspection plans. This approach consists of (1) refinement of given goals for inspection, if necessary, in order to address any additional information needs due to a given context and in order to reach a level of detail that can be addressed by an inspection activity; (2) development of constraints to describe how an inspection should be achieved; (3) matching of goals to available inspection methods, and generation of activities and resource plans in order to address the goals; and (4) selection of an inspection plan from among the possible plans that have been identified. The authors illustrate this approach with observations made at a local construction site.},
  subject      = {Monitor{\"u}berwachung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ScheerDosSantosHinks2004,
  author    = {Scheer, Sergio and Dos Santos, Aguinaldo and Hinks, John},
  title     = {An approach for promoting knowledge exchange on production practices through the Internet},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.82},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-821},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Recent research shows that current learning strategies in construction industry have not been effective in implementing lean principles in construction. With that in mind the researchers set to investigate an alternative learning strategy in order to promote learning at the international level. A web-based environment, was developed for this project with the intent of promoting learning and knowledge exchange on the theory and practice of "process transparency" across different countries.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MaWongYang2004,
  author    = {Ma, Zhiliang and Wong, K. D. and Yang, Jun},
  title     = {An Approach to Utilizing Exchanged Documents in Construction Projects Based on Data Warehouse Technology},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.122},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1227},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {There are many construction projects in China and mass documents are exchanged among the multi-party, including the owner, the contractor and the engineer in the projects. Based on previous studies, an approach to the utilization of the exchanged documents is established by using data warehouse technology and a prototype system called EXPLYZER is developed. The approach and the prototype system are verified through their application in a construction project. It is concluded that the approach can support the decision-making in project management.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{O'BrienElMashaleh2004,
  author    = {O'Brien, William and El-Mashaleh, Mohammad},
  title     = {An Empirical Study Relating Construction Firm Performance and IT Utilization},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.173},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1739},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper examines the impact of information technology (IT) utilization on construction firm performance. Based on empirical data collected from 74 US construction firms, the analyses provide evidence that IT has a positive impact on overall firm performance, schedule performance, and cost performance. Firm performance is a composite score of several metrics of performance: schedule performance, cost performance, customer satisfaction, safety performance, and profit. No relationship is found between IT utilization and customer satisfaction, safety, or profit, although this may be due to limitations of the study given strong correlations between IT utilization and cost and schedule performnance. The empirical evidence of positive association between performance and IT use provided by this research is significant to both construction practice and research literature. This evidence should encourage firms to adopt and invest in IT tools.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YabukiYoshimura2004,
  author    = {Yabuki, Nobuyoshi and Yoshimura, Yutaka},
  title     = {An Evaluation System for Steel Structures of Hydroelectric Power Stations based on Fault Tree Analysis and Performance Maps},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.256},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2564},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an evaluation system for steel structures of hydroelectric power stations, including hydraulic gates and penstocks, based on Fault Tree Analyasis (FTA) and performance maps. This system consists of fault tree diagrams of FTA, performance maps, design and analysis systems, and engineerin databases. These four modules are integrated by appropriate hyperlinks so that the user of this system can use it easily and seamlessly. A well developed system was applied to some illustrative example cases, and they showed that the developed methodology and system worked well and the users found the system useful and effective for their maintenance tasks at powerstations.},
  subject      = {Wissensmanagement},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LauLaw2004,
  author    = {Lau, Gloria and Law, Kincho},
  title     = {An Information Infrastructure for Comparing Accessibility Regulations and Related Information from Multiple Sources},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.192},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1922},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper describes a research project that addresses the difficulties in dealing with regulatory documents such as national and regional codes. These documents tend to be voluminous, heavily cross-referenced, possibly ambiguous and even conflicting at times. There are often multiple documents that need to be consulted and satisfied; however it is a difficult task to locate all of the relevant provisions. In addition, sections dealing with the same or similar conceptual ideas sometimes lay down conflicting requirements. We propose a framework for regulation representation, analysis and comparison with emphasis on the extraction of similarities between provisions. We focus on accessibility regulations, whose intent is to provide the same or equivalent access to a building and its facilities for disabled persons. An XML regulatory repository is developed to extract structural as well as non-structural features from government regulations to help user understanding and computational analysis. A similarity analysis is performed between different sources of regulations. In order to achieve a better comparison between provisions, we employ a combination of feature matching and structural analysis. Results are shown on comparisons between American and European codes, as well as on the domain of electronic-rulemaking.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RaueWeitzmann2004,
  author    = {Raue, Erich and Weitzmann, R{\"u}diger},
  title     = {Analysis and Design of Hybrid Structures using Optimization Strategies},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.102},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1023},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper gives a general overview and concerns with a specified set of computer-aided analysis modules for hybrid structures loaded by extreme excitations. All problems are solved by methods of linear, quadratic or nonlinear mathematical optimization, that leads to very effective and economic design solutions. All approaches are derived from general optimization problem that can be easily altered to conform to specific design tasks. Some advantages and possibilities of hybrid structural modeling (single or mixed model-supported) are discussed. The methods will be illustrated by an example structure and optimization schemes.},
  subject      = {Konzipieren <Technik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{vanTreeckRank2004,
  author    = {van Treeck, Christoph and Rank, Ernst},
  title     = {Analysis of building structure and topology based on Graph Theory},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.230},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2308},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Individual views on a building product of people involved in the design process imply different models for planning and calculation. In order to interpret these geometrical, topological and semantical data of a building model we identify a structural component graph, a graph of room faces, a room graph and a relational object graph as aids and we explain algorithms to derive these relations. The application of the technique presented is demonstrated by the analysis and discretization of a sample model in the scope of building energy simulation.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ChangChangHuang2004,
  author    = {Chang, Chihyuan and Chang, Yuanchu and Huang, Shyhmeng},
  title     = {Application of a Agent Mechanism to the Small-scale Maintenance of School Buildings},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.216},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2165},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an agent-based software, Virtual Administrator System (VAS) for the smallscale maintenance of school buildings. VAS is capable of handling a heavy load of routine, lowtech maintenance jobs. It assigns a different priority to each job application according to its significance and urgency, and automatically adjusts schedules for maintenance engineers when on-site supervision is needed. The system can help ease off the burden of routine small-scale maintenance work, making it more cost-effective and efficient in the overall management of school building maintenance. VAS posts jobs on the Web in a multi-media format and classified all applications into four categories: the on-call maintenance contract, the term maintenance contract, the guaranty maintenance contract, and the regular maintenance contract. It then estimates their urgency level and passes the information to maintenance engineers who will decide whether on-site inspection is needed. Based on the engineers' feedback, VAS automatically implements the scheduling for inspection as well as sends out real-time or batch notifications to contractors. All these activities are recorded in a database to allow continuous research and data mining and the analysis and diagnosis of specific jobs for followup maintenance plans.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MostEckardt2004,
  author    = {Most, Thomas and Eckardt, Stefan},
  title     = {Application of a hybrid parallelization technique to accelerate the numerical simulation of nonlinear mechanical problems},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.259},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2599},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the combination of two different parallelization environments, OpenMP and MPI, in one numerical simulation tool. The computation of the system matrices and vectors is parallelized with OpenMP and the solution of the system of equations is done with the MPIbased solver MUMPS. The efficiency of both algorithms is shown on several linear and nonlinear examples using the Finite Element Method and a meshless discretization technique.},
  subject      = {Framework <Informatik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{JianpingTianyiQiping2004,
  author    = {Jianping, Zhang and Tianyi, Ma and Qiping, Shen},
  title     = {Application of Data Warehouse and Data Mining in Construction Management},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.124},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1247},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {All construction project are constrained by their schedules, budgets and specifications, and safety and environmental regulations. These constraints made construction management more complex and difficult. At the same time, many historical data that can support the decisions in the future are kept in construction enterprises,. To use the historical data effectively and efficiently, it is essential to apply the data warehouse and data mining technologies. This paper introduces a research which aims to develop a data warehouse system according to the requirements of construction enterprises and use data mining technology to learn useful information and knowledge from the data warehouse system. The design, the development and the application of this system are detailedly introduced in this paper.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelnikovSemenov2004,
  author    = {Melnikov, B. E. and Semenov, Artem},
  title     = {Application of Multimodel Method of Elasto-Plastic Analysis for the Multilevel Computation of Structures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.248},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2487},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Creation of hierarchical sequence of the plastic and viscoplastic models according to different levels of structure approximations is considered. Developed strategy of multimodel analysis, which consists of creation of the inelastic models library, determination of selection criteria system and caring out of multivariant sequential clarifying computations, is described. Application of the multimodel approach in numerical computations has demonstrated possibility of reliable prediction of stress-strain response under wide variety of combined nonproportional loading.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Bock2004,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Bock, Sebastian},
  title     = {Approximation mit polynomialen L{\"o}sungen der Lam{\´e}schen Differentialgleichung},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.640},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-6409},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Grundidee der Arbeit ist es, L{\"o}sungen von Randwertaufgaben durch Linearkombinationen exakter klassischer L{\"o}sungen der Differentialgleichung zu approximieren. Die freien Koeffizienten werden dabei durch die Bestimmung der besten Approximation der Randwerte berechnet. Als Basis der Approximation werden vollst{\"a}ndige orthogonale und nahezu orthogonale Funktionensysteme verwendet. Anhand ausgew{\"a}hlter Beispiele mit Randvorgaben unterschiedlicher Glattheit wird am Beispiel der Kugel die prinzipielle Anwendbarkeit der Methode getestet und hinsichtlich der Entwicklung des Fehlers der N{\"a}herungsl{\"o}sung, der Stabilit{\"a}t des Verfahrens und des numerischen Aufwandes untersucht. Die erhaltenen Resultate geben einen begr{\"u}ndeten Anlass, die Anwendung der Methode als Bestandteil einer hybriden analytisch-numerischen Methode, insbesondere der Verkn{\"u}pfung mit der FEM, weiterzuverfolgen.},
  subject      = {Legendre-Funktion},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Nguyen2004,
  author    = {Nguyen, Thu Huong},
  title     = {Architektonische Grundlage f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von barrierefreien berufsbildenden Schulen f{\"u}r die Integration von Seh- und Mobilit{\"a}tsbehinderten sowie nichtbehinderten Menschen in Vietnam},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.652},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050707-6857},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Im Gegensatz zu Industriel{\"a}ndern wird das barrierefreie und behindertengerechte Planen und Bauen von {\"o}ffentlichen Geb{\"a}uden in Entwicklungsl{\"a}ndern aus wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Gr{\"u}nden nur ungen{\"u}gend ber{\"u}cksichtigt und realisiert. Die Analyse von international vorhandenen Normen und Richtlinien zeigte, dass in Vietnam die Integration behindertengerechter Konzepte in Bauplanungen erst seit dem Jahr 2002 stattfindet, wohingegen diese in China bereits seit den 80er Jahren und in den Industrienationen wie Deutschland und Amerika sogar schon seit drei Jahrzehnten Anwendung findet. Die ungen{\"u}gende Ber{\"u}cksichtigung behindertengerechter Baukonzepte in {\"o}ffentlichen Einrichtungen, so auch vor allem in Berufsschulen bewirkt eine drastische Reduzierung des Ausbildungsplatzangebotes und eine resultierende Perspektivlosigkeit f{\"u}r behinderte Menschen. Durch die schnelle Errichtung barrierefreier, behindertengerechter Ausbildungseinrichtungen sollen sich die Chancen auf einen Ausbildungsplatz f{\"u}r behinderte Vietnamesen deutlich verbessern. Mit dem Erhalt eines Ausbildungsplatzes wird diesen Menschen nicht nur eine Integration in die Gesellschaft sondern langfristig gesehen auch finanzielle Selbst{\"a}ndigkeit und somit Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Familie erm{\"o}glicht. Als Grundlage des angestrebten Umwandlungsprozesses von der herk{\"o}mmlichen barrierebelasteten Bauplanung zur Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von behinderten Menschen durch behindertengerechte Planungskonzepte wurden Bauzeit, Bauumfang und Baukosten eingehend analysiert. Dieser vergleichenden Betrachtung der Bauplanungen entwuchsen zwei neue barrierefreie Berufschultypen. Der neue Berufsschultyp 1 - Der Dezentralisierungstyp zeichnet sich durch einen geringf{\"u}gigen Bauumfang und durch seine einfache Baukonstruktion aus und erm{\"o}glicht somit eine schnelle Reaktion auf den gravierenden Ausbildungsplatzmangel f{\"u}r behinderte Menschen. Dieser kosteng{\"u}nstige Berufsschultyp wurde entwickelt, um sehr kurzfristig eine schnelle Erh{\"o}hung des Ausbildungsplatzangebotes f{\"u}r behinderte Menschen zu schaffen. Siedlungs- und Wohngebiete bzw. D{\"o}rfer eignen sich am besten als Standort f{\"u}r den Berufsschultyp 1. Das urspr{\"u}ngliche Wohnumfeld bliebe den behinderten Sch{\"u}lern erhalten und damit einhergehend auch die seelische Unterst{\"u}tzung durch deren Familien. Der familiennahe Standort der Berufsschule w{\"u}rde somit sowohl den Lehrern als auch den Sch{\"u}lern eine große seelische Last abnehmen. Des Weiteren ließe sich eine Berufsschule vom Typ 1 schnellstens errichten, so dass die Ausbildung der behinderten und nicht behinderten Sch{\"u}ler sofort aufgenommen werden k{\"o}nnte. Im Zuge der Entwicklung des neuen Berufsschultyps 2 - Dem Zentralisierungstyp - wurden internationale Standards angestrebt. Dieser Berufsschultyp bietet eine umfangreichere Flexibilit{\"a}t in seiner Nutzungsart, ein umfassenderes Angebot an Ausbildungsg{\"a}ngen und ein weitaus gr{\"o}ßeres Feld der Integration. Der Berufsschultyp 2 ist ein komplexer Bau, mit einem gr{\"o}ßeren Bauumfang als Berufsschultyp 1. Bei der Errichtung dieser Berufsschultypen ist mit einer langfristigen Planungs- und Bauzeit zu rechnen. Der Stadtrand wird als der optimale Standort zur Errichtung der Berufsschule vom Typ 2 angesehen. Von dort aus ließen sich die {\"o}ffentlichen Service der Stadt effizient nutzen. Als Bewertungsgrundlage f{\"u}r eine optimale Entwicklung der beiden neuen Berufsschultypen dienen Basisdaten aus umfassenden Analysen {\"u}ber verschiedenste Betrachtungsebenen. Unter Nutzung der in Deutschland und USA bestehenden gesetzlichen Grundlagen sollen barrierefreie Planungsempfehlungen, gezielt f{\"u}r die Errichtung behindertengerechter berufsausbildender Schulen in Vietnam, abgleitet werden, um ein gemeinsames Lernen von seh- und mobilit{\"a}tsbehinderten sowie von nicht behinderten Menschen zu erm{\"o}glichen. Bei den Planungsempfehlungen finden nicht nur die unterschiedlichen menschlichen K{\"o}rpergr{\"o}ßen der verschiedenen Bev{\"o}lkerungsgruppen sondern auch die unterschiedliche Lebensweise der Vietnamesen sowie die Klimabedingungen in Vietnam Ber{\"u}cksichtigung. Bei der Planung von behindertengerechten Ausbildungs- und Schuleinrichtungen ist es wichtig, die K{\"o}rpergr{\"o}ße der Menschen des jeweiligen Landes zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Als Orientierungsmaß f{\"u}r die K{\"o}rpergr{\"o}ße vietnamesischer Menschen wurde ein Richtfaktor definiert und eingesetzt. Anhand der o.g. Richtfaktorgr{\"o}ßen wurden detaillierte Planungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r barrierefreies Lernen und Wohnen herausgearbeitet.},
  subject      = {Berufsschule},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Schweigel2004,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Schweigel, Stefan},
  title     = {Aufnahme des Baufortschritts in verteilter Umgebung},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.153},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1534},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Als Folge des hohen Termindrucks w{\"a}hrend des Bauablaufes, ist es besonders wichtig den Fortschritt eines Bauvorhabens zeitnah zu {\"u}berwachen. Auf Großbaustellen kann die effektive Kontrolle nicht mehr ohne technische Hilfsmittel durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Die Arbeit stellt verschiedene Szenarien f{\"u}r die verteilte Fortschrittserfassung vor und untersucht welche Anforderungen an ein System f{\"u}r die verteilte Erfassung gestellt werden. Dazu wird zuerst das bestehende CVS-System analysiert, um anschließend daraus ein Konzept f{\"u}r die Versionierung von Objekten und den automatischen Abgleich von Objektversionen zu entwickeln. Sp{\"a}ter wird gezeigt, wie dieses Konzept mit Hilfe von C\# und dem Microsoft®-.NET-Framework umgesetzt werden kann.},
  subject      = {Computer Supported Cooperative Work},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KangMiranda2004,
  author    = {Kang, Shihchung and Miranda, Eduardo},
  title     = {Automated Simulation of the Erection Activities in Virtual Construction},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.231},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2310},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The goal of the research is the development of a computer system to plan, simulate and visualize erection processes in construction. In the research construction cranes are treated as robots with predefined degrees of freedom and crane-specific motion planning techniques are developed to generate time-optimized and collision-free paths for each piece to be erected in the project. Using inverse kinematics and structural dynamics simulation, the computer system then computes the crane motions and velocities necessary to achieve the previously calculated paths. The main benefits of the research are the accurate planning and scheduling of crane operations leading to optimization of crane usage and project schedules, as well as improving overall crane safety in the project. This research is aimed at the development of systems that will allow computer-assisted erection of civil infrastructure and ultimately to achieve fully-automated erection processes using robotic cranes...},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Erlemann2004,
  author    = {Erlemann, Kai},
  title     = {BABSIM - An object-oriented software framework for microscopic simulation of freeway traffic},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.260},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2601},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A wide variety of behavioural models exist in microscopic traffic simulation. Commercial programms often use closed-source policies and are confined to their respective simulation platforms. Open-source approaches mainly focus on distinctive, highly specialized traffic situations. In the scope of this paper, an open-source framework for developing modular, objectoriented simulation systems is presented, capable of simultaneously accommodating different driving models and enabling the user to modify and extend the catalogue of driving behaviours. The existing driving behaviours and the computational implementation of the simulation are being described.},
  subject      = {Framework <Informatik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Adami2004,
  author    = {Adami, Kay},
  title     = {Beitrag zur physikalisch nichtlinearen Analyse von Aussteifungssystemen mit Methoden der mathematischen Optimierung},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.78},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040329-812},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht in der Entwicklung einer Strategie zur physikalisch nichtlinearen Analyse von Aussteifungssystemen. Der Anwendungsschwerpunkt umfasst neben dem traditionellen Aufgabenumfang zur Analyse neu zu errichtender Tragwerke gleichzeitig auch Planungsaufgaben, die mit Umbau- und Sanierungsmaßnahmen verbunden sind. Ver{\"a}nderungen, die sich w{\"a}hrend der Nutzungsgeschichte oder im Revitalisierungsprozess ergeben, werden in den Berechnungsmodellen ber{\"u}cksichtigt. In vielen F{\"a}llen ist es aus planerischer Sicht zweckm{\"a}ßig, die Nichtlinearit{\"a}t des Materialverhaltens zur Erschließung von Tragreserven in den normativen Nachweiskonzepten mit einzubeziehen. Der damit verbundene numerische Aufwand wird durch die Verwendung separater Modelle zur Erfassung des Querschnitts- und des Systemtragverhaltens begrenzt, ohne die Komplexit{\"a}t der Aufgabenstellung zu reduzieren. Aus detaillierten Querschnittsuntersuchungen der Tragw{\"a}nde werden integrale Materialbeziehungen abgeleitet, welche die Grundlage f{\"u}r die nichtlineare Tragwerksanalyse darstellen. Die Modellbildung gegliederter Aussteifungsw{\"a}nde basiert auf deren Zerlegung in ebene finite Stabsegmente, die sich durch die Diskretisierung in L{\"a}ngs- und in Querrichtung ergeben. Zus{\"a}tzlich zu den an den Stabenden angreifenden Normalkr{\"a}ften, Querkr{\"a}ften und Biegemomenten werden an den Elementl{\"a}ngsr{\"a}ndern Schubbeanspruchungen erfasst. Die physikalische Nichtlinearit{\"a}t wird durch die Einbeziehung integraler Materialbeziehungen an den Segmentr{\"a}ndern ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Die numerische Umsetzung erfolgt mit Methoden der mathematischen Optimierung. Die Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit der Berechnungsstrategie wird exemplarisch anhand von Untersuchungen an Aussteifungssystemen in Großtafelbauweise nachgewiesen.},
  subject      = {Stahlbeton},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Wuttke2004,
  author    = {Wuttke, Frank},
  title     = {Beitrag zur Standortidentifizierung mit Oberfl{\"a}chenwellen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.653},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050708-6874},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In der Dissertation wurden unterschiedliche Methoden zur Standortidentifizierung mit Oberfl{\"a}chenwellen analysiert. Es wurden neue Methoden zur Parameteridentifikation unter Nutzung von Oberfl{\"a}chenwellen vorgeschlagen. Die Ziele der Arbeit k{\"o}nnen wie folgt definiert werden: a) Die Entwicklung eines geeigneten theoretischen Modells als Grundlage zur Untersuchung des Standortes hinsichtlich vorhandener Bodensteifigkeiten. b) Die Entwicklung einer neuen Inversionsmethodik unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung aller auftretenden Moden im Oberfl{\"a}chenwellenfeld. Die Erstellung eines Modells des vertikal heterogenen Untergrundes erfolgte im Frequenz-bereichs f{\"u}r beliebig geschichtete B{\"o}den, aufbereitet durch weitestgehend analytische Formulierungen. Durch Nutzung beliebiger horizontaler, elastisch-isotroper Schichten konnte die vertikale Heterogenit{\"a}t approximiert werden. Die Definition der Green'schen Funktionen wurde in Form der Reflexions- und Transmissionskoeffizienten durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die L{\"o}sung des formulierten Halbraumproblems erfolgte unter Verwendung der Konturintegration. Dazu wurde die Vorgehensweise der bestehenden L{\"o}sung des homogenen Halbraums auf das Problem des geschichteten Mediums {\"u}bertragen. Die daraus sich ergebende L{\"o}sung ist in ein K{\"o}rperwellen- und ein Oberfl{\"a}chenwellenfeld separiert. Der Vorteil dieser analytischen Betrachtungsweise liegt in der eindeutigen Zuordnungsm{\"o}glichkeit der erhaltenen L{\"o}sungen zu Wellentypen und in der klaren Dispersionscharakteristik der berechneten Modelle. Im Gegensatz dazu liefern numerische L{\"o}sungen, wie FEM, immer ein Wellenfeld, in dem die Wellentypen zugeordnet bzw. interpretiert werden m{\"u}ssen. Mit Hilfe der synthetischen Bodenmodellierung wird das Verhalten von geschichteten B{\"o}den bei durchlaufenden Oberfl{\"a}chenwellenfeldern simuliert und untersucht. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung der Profile wurde haupts{\"a}chlich die Modale Superposition von Oberfl{\"a}chenwellen und die Wellenzahl-Integration verwendet. Bei der Analyse von Oberfl{\"a}chenwellenfeldern in vorhandenen Medien sind abweichend von den {\"u}blichen seismischen Methoden spezielle Untersuchungsmethoden zur Ermittlung der vorhandenen Dispersion notwendig. Zur Durchf{\"u}hrung der Dispersionsanalyse wird in geotechnischen Untersuchungen in der Regel das Phasen-Differenzen-Verfahren (SASW) genutzt. Aufgrund der beschr{\"a}nkten Aussagef{\"a}higkeit dieses Verfahrens zu auftretenden h{\"o}heren Moden werden verbesserte Analysemethoden zur experimentellen Auswertung hinzugezogen. Diese Methoden nutzen zur Informationsgewinnung das r{\"a}umlich ausgedehnte Wellenfeld. Ausgehend von dem Dispersionsverhalten kann die Bodenstruktur mittels inverser Methoden bestimmt werden. F{\"u}r die gemeinsame Inversion der in den Messungen vorhandenen Moden wurde ein entsprechendes Inversionsverfahren abgeleitet. Als Grundlage der Inversion wurde ein Verfahren des kleinsten Fehlerquadrates gew{\"a}hlt. Der Vorteil hinsichtlich einer effizienten und stabilen Inversion unter Nutzung dieser Methodik {\"u}berwiegt den Nachteil der lokalen Suche nach dem Fehlerminimum. Zum Erreichen der stabilen und zielgerichteten Inversion wird der Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithmus, zusammen mit der Wichtung der Dispersions{\"a}ste entsprechend ihres Anregungsverhaltens in den Dispersionsspektren, eingesetzt. Von Vorteil hat sich innerhalb der Arbeit die gleichzeitige Behandlung von theoretischen und experimentellen Parameterstudien erwiesen, da sich Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse beider Seiten erg{\"a}nzten. Eine Interpretation von Felddaten kann damit weitaus sicherer durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Zus{\"a}tzlich konnten die erarbeiteten experimentellen und theoretischen Verfahren gegenseitig {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft werden.},
  subject      = {Inversionsalgorithmus},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Kanzow2004,
  author    = {Kanzow, Ulrich Michael},
  title     = {Beschreibung des Fließwiderstandes in der numerischen Berechnung von Gerinnen mit extremer relativer Rauheit},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.418},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050307-4181},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Die ein- und zweidimensionale numerische Berechnung der Fließvorg{\"a}nge in offenen Gerinnen findet zunehmend auch Anwendung in der Modellierung immer komplexerer Prozesse im unter Anderem im Bereich der {\"O}kosystemmodellierung in Gebirgs- und Mittelgebirgsb{\"a}chen. In diesem Bereich existieren zurzeit noch Probleme hinsichtlich der hydraulischen Prognoserechnungen. Neben den numerischen Grundlagen werden die Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten des Str{\"o}mungsfeldes von der Rauheitsstruktur der Sohle und der {\"U}berdeckungsh{\"o}he behandelt. Zur Untersuchung der Fließwiderstandsgleichungen wurden Laborversuche in einer Versuchsrinne durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es wird gezeigt, dass der {\"u}blicherweise verwendete Ansatz des mittleren Sohlgef{\"a}lles bei der Berechnung der Sohlschubspannungsgeschwindigkeit u* in Stufen-Becken-Sequenzen nicht zul{\"a}ssig ist. Stattdessen ist es erforderlich, die lokalen Energieliniengef{\"a}lle zu bestimmen und einzusetzen. Die Anwendung der aus der Literatur bekannten Ans{\"a}tze zur Beschreibung des Fließwiderstandes f{\"u}hrt zu keinen befriedigenden Ergebnissen und wird ausf{\"u}hrlich diskutiert. In der Untersuchung der verschiedenen Fließwiderstandsbeziehungen zeigte sich, dass insbesondere die ungen{\"u}gende Beschreibung der Rauheitstruktur der Sohloberfl{\"a}che durch einen charakteristischen Korndurchmesser des Sohlmaterials als unzureichend anzusehen ist. Hinsichtlich der Beschreibung rauer Oberfl{\"a}chenstrukturen wurde ein einfacher Segmentierungsalgorithmus entwickelt, der es erlaubt, komplizierte Oberfl{\"a}chenstrukturen zu vereinfachen und {\"u}ber die Standardabweichung abschnittsweise Rauheiten zuzuweisen. Dieses Verfahren wird in einem zweidimensionalen hydraulischen Modell eingesetzt. Hierdurch wird f{\"u}r die Wassertiefenbestimmung als auch f{\"u}r die Fließgeschwindigkeitsbestimmung eine Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der speziellen topographischen Verh{\"a}ltnisse erm{\"o}glicht.},
  subject      = {Rauigkeit},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ZarliStorerKazi2004,
  author    = {Zarli, Alain and Storer, Graham and Kazi, Abdul Samad (Sami)},
  title     = {Building a Better Future: Major Results from the ICCI Cluster Project},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.199},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1994},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {To support research in the building sector and in order to help it move towards a new digital economy, the European Commission under the 5th Framework initiative, especially the IST programme, funded various RTD projects. The opportunity to bring these IST projects together was acknowledged so that stronger links can be created under a clustering umbrella and that, moreover, links of those projects with their RTD environment could be facilitated. This has been the objective of work carried out within the ICCI (IST-2001-33022) Cluster project. This paper introduces the main aims and objectives of the project, and then presents its principal outcomes. In a second part, it synthesises the underlying concepts, technology and tools that will make ICT-based Construction a reality in a near future, and gives recommended actions for the industry, the EC and the Construction ICT R\&D in Europe, giving some benefit of this project experience to the three communities.},
  subject      = {Forschung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KabathStuyts2004,
  author    = {Kabath, Meik and Stuyts, Patrick},
  title     = {Building Design towards 5-dimensions},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.271},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2712},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {There exists a big gap between the capabilities of current 3D-CAD applications and their actual usage in practice. Many architects and planners still prefer to draft in 2D because the benefits of 3D modeling are difficult to explain. This presentation offers a basis to view the 3D building model not merely as the source for 2D plan generation. By adding extra dimensions like Time and Cost to the 3D building model it becomes possible to generate dynamic information on building construction progress with regards to used material, resources and cost. These additional benefits are key elements to many planners and contractors and may therefore widen the acceptance of 3D building modeling in general.},
  subject      = {Bauindustrie},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GebbekenPfeifferVidekhina2004,
  author    = {Gebbeken, Norbert and Pfeiffer, Eberhard and Videkhina, Inna},
  title     = {Calculation of beam structures with the symbolic computer language Maple},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.84},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-845},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Beside the standard calculation programs for civil engineering buildings mathematical programs have been lately established for the solution of differential equations for the analysis of mechanical and static systems. Programs like Maple, Matlab, MathCAD and Mathematica are popular in this field. To the knowledge of the authors, the widest application functionality offers the program Maple. Its advantages are, e.g. the alternatively symbolic or numerical solution of differential equation systems, the easy handling of parameter studies, the immediate visualization of results, the definition of macros for selected calculation steps and their export in other computer languages and, not least, the automatically generated, very clear documentation of the matehematical calculus.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZavadskasKaklauskas2004,
  author    = {Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras and Kaklauskas, Arturas},
  title     = {Civil Engineering Decision Support Systems in Lithuania},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.257},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2579},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Civil engineering decision support systems (construction, building life cycle, refurbishment, total quality management, innovation, etc.) created in Lithuania are described in this paper. The above decision support systems comprise of the following constituent parts: data (database and its management system), models (model base and its management system) and a user interface. Presentation of information in databases may be in conceptual (digital, textual, graphical, photographic, video) and quantitative forms. Quantitative information presented involves criteria systems and subsystems, units of measurement, values and initial weight fully defining the variants provided. The databases were developed providing a multiple criteria analysis of alternatives from economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative, legislative, social and other perspectives. This information is provided in a user-oriented way. Since the analysis of alternatives is usually performed by taking into account economical, infrastructure, technical, technological, qualitative and other factors, a model-base include models which enable a decision maker to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the variants available and make a proper choice. These systems, related questions and practical case study were analysed the paper.},
  subject      = {Wissensmanagement},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Hartmann2004,
  author    = {Hartmann, Ulrich C.},
  title     = {Collaboration in AEC Design : Web-enabling Applications using Peer-to-Peer Office Communicator},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.138},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1386},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A market analysis conducted by Gartner Dataquest in August 2001 has shown the typical characteristics of the AEC design process. High volatility in membership of AEC design groups and members dispersed over several external offices is the common collaboration scenario. Membership is most times short lived, compared to the overall duration of the process. A technical solution has to take that into account by making joining and leaving a collaborative work group very easy. The modelling of roles of collaboration between group members must be based on a commonly understood principle like the publisher / subscriber model, where the individual that is responsible for the distribution of vital information is clear. Security issues and trust in the confidentiality of the system is a central concern for the acceptance of the system. Therefore, keeping the subset of data that will be published under the absolute control of the publisher is a must. This is not the case with server-based scenarios, sometimes even due to psychological reasons. A loosely bound Peer-to-Peer network offers advantages over a server-based solution, because of less administrative overhead and simple installation procedures. In a peer-to-peer environment, a publish/subscribe role model can be more easily implemented. The publish/subscribe model matches the way AEC processes are modelled in real world scenarios today, where legal proof of information exchange between external offices is of high importance. Workflow management systems for small to midsize companies of the AEC industry may adopt the peer-to-peer approach to collaboration in the future. Further investigations are being made on the research level (WINDS) by integrating the viewer and redlining application Collaborate! into a collaborative environment.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HassanShelbournCarter2004,
  author    = {Hassan, Tarek and Shelbourn, Mark and Carter, Chris},
  title     = {Collaboration in Construction: Legal and Contractual Issues in ICT Applications},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.2007},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2005},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The construction industry is a project-based business bringing together many different organisations to complete a desired goal. The strategic use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has enabled this goal to be completed more effectively. Two issues require addressing, the technology itself and the implementation factors of the technology. Such implementation factors should consider, among other factors, the legal and contractual issues associated with the use of ICT, training requirements and its effects on the organisational culture. To date the legal and contractual issues have not been extensively covered, and it is recognised that the technologies have not been properly covered by any recognised legal and contractual practices. This in turn is threatening to inhibit the growth and prosperity of the use of the technology on construction projects. This paper discusses these legal and contractual issues and describes methods and tools that can be used to enable the growth of technology to be used in a legal and contractually valid environment.},
  subject      = {Forschung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SoibelmanO'BrienElvin2004,
  author    = {Soibelman, Lucio and O'Brien, William and Elvin, George},
  title     = {Collaborative Design Processes: A Class on Concurrent Collaboration in Multidisciplinary Design},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.194},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1948},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The rise of concurrent engineering in construction demands early team formation and constant communication throughout the project life cycle, but educational models in architecture, engineering and construction have been slow to adjust to this shift in project organization. Most students in these fields spend the majority of their college years working on individual projects that do not build teamwork or communication skills. Collaborative Design Processes (CDP) is a capstone design course where students from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University of Florida learn methods of collaborative design enhanced by the use of information technology. Students work in multidisciplinary teams to collaborate from remote locations via the Internet on the design of a facility. An innovation of this course compared to previous efforts is that students also develop process designs for the integration of technology into the work of multidisciplinary design teams. The course thus combines both active and reflective learning about collaborative design and methods. The course is designed to provide students the experience, tools, and methods needed to improve design processes and better integrate the use of technology into AEC industry work practices. This paper describes the goals, outcomes and significance of this new, interdisciplinary course for distributed AEC education. Differences from existing efforts and lessons learned to promote collaborative practices are discussed. Principal conclusions are that the course presents effective pedagogy to promote collaborative design methods, but faces challenges in both technology and in traditional intra-disciplinary training of students.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MilesJoitaBurnap2004,
  author    = {Miles, John and Joita, Liviu and Burnap, Peter},
  title     = {Collaborative Engineering: Virtual Teams in a Grid Environment Supporting Consortia in the Construction Industry},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.136},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1362},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In the AEC (Architecture / Engineering / Construction) industry a number of individuals and organisations collaborate and work jointly on a construction project. The resulting consortium has large pool of expertise and experience and can be defined as a Virtual Organisation (VO) formed for the duration of the project. VOs are electronically networked organisations where IT and web based communication technology play an important role in coordinating various activities of these organisations. This paper describes the design, development and implementation of a Grid enabled application called the Product Supplier Catalogue Database (PSCD) which supports collaborative working in consortia. As part of the Grid-enabling process, specialised metadata is being developed to enable PSCD to effectively utilise Grid middleware such as Globus and Java CoG toolkits. We also describe our experience whilst designing, developing and deploying the security service of the application using the Globus Security Interface (GSI).},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FruchterSaxenaBreidenthal2004,
  author    = {Fruchter, Renate and Saxena, Kushagra and Breidenthal, Matt},
  title     = {Collaborative Exploration of Rich Content in Support of Knowledge Re-use},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.195},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1952},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A/E/C Team members, while collaborating on building projects, rely on past experiences and content through the use of project design archives (whether in paper or digital format). This leads to underutilization of potential knowledge, as decision-making of data, information, and knowledge reuse is limited by access to these archives, due to sheer size and inconvenient presentation. This paper presents an integrated solution that leverages two technologies CoMem (Corporate Memory) and iRoom (interactive Room) developed at Stanford. This addresses critical limitations, i.e., content, context, visualization and interactivity, constraining the process of collaborative exploration towards knowledge reuse and decision-making.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KoenigBauriedel,
  author    = {K{\"o}nig, Reinhard and Bauriedel, Christian},
  title     = {Computer-generated Urban Structures},
  series = {Proceedings of the Generative Art Conference},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Generative Art Conference},
  address   = {Milan, Italy},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.2609},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20160623-26090},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  abstract  = {How does it come to particular structure formations in the cities and which strengths play a role in this process? On which elements can the phenomena be reduced to find the respective combination rules? How do general principles have to be formulated to be able to describe the urban processes so that different structural qualities can be produced? With the aid of mathematic methods, models based on four basic levels are generated in the computer, through which the connections between the elements and the rules of their interaction can be examined. Conclusions on the function of developing processes and the further urban origin can be derived.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KatzenbachGiere2004,
  author    = {Katzenbach, Rolf and Giere, Johannes},
  title     = {Coordinating Planning Processes in AEC using an Adaptable Process Model},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.94},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-946},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The contribution introduces an adaptable process model to meet the special requirements of the coordination of planning activities in AEC (Architecture, Engineering, Construction). The process model is based on the concept of Coloured Petri-Nets and uses metainformation to characterize process-relevant information and to enable process-control based on the actual results of the planning.},
  subject      = {Prozessmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KopytoPetersenDiaz2004,
  author    = {Kopyto, Martin and Petersen, Michael and Diaz, Joaquin},
  title     = {Cost and Schedule Controlling in Relation to Liquidity Management during Construction Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.159},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1599},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The present paper describes a software application which can be used for relating the scheduled events of a construction project with the respective financial parameters, leading to an overall improvement in general controlling and liquidity management. For this purpose, existing construction schedules are taken and details of the assignment are recorded. Thus it becomes possible to assess a future payment status should changes in the designated schedule occur.},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Lang2004,
  author    = {Lang, Dominik H.},
  title     = {Damage potential of seismic ground motion considering local site effects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.88},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040826-911},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The main objective of the present work is to establish a link between the scientific fields of engineering seismology and structural engineering. Substantially it deals with the application and enhancements of methods coming from engineering seismology as well as their junctions to the fields of structural engineering respectively earthquake engineering. Based on real occurred earthquake damage inflicted to multistoried reinforced-concrete frame buildings, the influence of local site effects on the grade of structural damage is worked out. This relying on comprehensive investigations conducted during numerous field missions of German TaskForce after damaging earthquakes in Venezuela and T{\"u}rkiye. Instrumental investigations on both the structure and its local subsoil in order to identify the damage potential of seismic ground motion take center stage of the thesis. Thereby it is examined whether or not an estimated seismic demand representative in amplitude level and frequency characteristics is able to cause structural damage considering the vulnerability of the structure itself as well as the local site and subsoil conditions. Investigations are concentrated on selected RC frame structures with or without masonry infill walls.},
  subject      = {Erdbebenschaden},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Winkelmann2004,
  author    = {Winkelmann, Arne},
  title     = {Das Pionierlager Artek. Realit{\"a}t und Utopie in der sowjetischen Architektur der sechziger Jahre},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.86},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040817-878},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Das in den 1960er Jahren gebaute, internationale Pionierlager Artek an der Schwarzmeerk{\"u}ste der Krim war das gr{\"o}ßte Kinderferienlager der Sowjetunion. Als Prestigeobjekt und Vorzeigeinstitution steht Artek f{\"u}r die Architektur der {\"A}ra Chruschtschows, des sogenannten „Tauwetters". Anhand des dialektischen Prinzips von Pr{\"a}sentation und Repr{\"a}sentation werden vier Aspekte des Lagers untersucht: Architektur, st{\"a}dtebauliche Struktur, Erziehung und Gesamtkunstwerk. Durch dieses Prinzip, das sich aus der Widerspiegelungstheorie ableiten l{\"a}ßt, kann jedem dieser Aspekte die Kongruenz zur ideologischen Zielsetzung und damit die gestalterische Koh{\"a}renz der Ferienanlage nachgewiesen werden. In Abgrenzung zur modernen Architektur der westlichen Industrienationen wurde in Artek eine spezifisch „sozialistische Moderne" f{\"u}r die Sowjetunion und die {\"u}brigen Staaten des Ostblocks definiert. Diese war eng verbunden mit dem St{\"a}dtebau auf der Grundlage von Mikrorayons und der Ausgestaltung von Stadt- und Subzentren. Artek ist mit seiner idealtypischen, architektonischen und st{\"a}dtebaulichen Gestaltung ein Denkmal f{\"u}r die fr{\"u}here Sowjetunion.},
  subject      = {Entstalinisierung},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{CheungNoruziaanLi2004,
  author    = {Cheung, Moe M. S. and Noruziaan, Bahman and Li, W. C.},
  title     = {Data acquisition, processing and management systems for a Canadian bridge monitoring project},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.123},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1235},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper will present a number of technical aspects for one of the most elaborate instrumentation and data acquisition projects ever undertaken in Canada. Confederation Bridge, the longest bridge built over ice covered seawater has been equipped with the state of the art data acquistition devices and systems as well as data transfer networks. The Bridge has been providing a fixed surface connection between Prince Edward Island and Province of New Brunswick in Canada since its opening in 1997. The Bridge has a rather long design service life of 100 years. Because of its large size and long span length, its design is not covered by any existing codes or standards worldwide. The focus of the paper is to introduce the data acquisition, transfer, processing and management systems. The instrumentation and communications infrastructure and devices will be presented in some details along with the data processing and management systems and techniques. Teams of engineers and researchers use the collected data to verify the analysis and design assumptions and parameters as well as investigate the short-term and long-term behaviour and health of the Bridge. The collected data are also used in furthering research activities in the field of bridge engineering and in elevating our knowledge about behaviour, reliability and durability of such complex structures, their components and materials.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LiuSoibelmanWu2004,
  author    = {Liu, Liang and Soibelman, Lucio and Wu, Jianfeng},
  title     = {Data Fusion and Modeling for Construction Management Knowledge Discovery},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.125},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1254},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Advances in construction data analysis techniques have provided useful tools to discover explicit knowledge on historical databases supporting project managers' decision making. However, in many situations, historical data are extracted and preprocessed for knowledge discovery based on time-consuming and problem-specific data preparation solutions, which often results in inefficiencies and inconsistencies. To overcome the problem, we are working on the development of a new data fusion methodology, which is designed to provide timely and consistent access to historical data for efficient and effective management knowledge discovery. The methodology is intended to be a new bridge between historical databases and data analysis techniques, which shields project managers from complex data preparation solutions, and enables them to use discovered knowledge for decision making more conveniently. This paper briefly describes the motivation, the background and the initial results of the ongoing research.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Pavlov2004,
  author    = {Pavlov, Alexander},
  title     = {Data Transfer and Objects Recognition in Building Design},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.126},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1265},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The problem of data interoperability is now very important. The formal description of construction systems and objects must base upon the modeling for the description of construction data domain. The XML-language was selected as a basis of a universal data format, ensuring natural hierarchy of objects, flexibility, good layout and expandability. The language, developed by the author, is called Building Object Description Extensible Markup Language (bodXML). The types of all objects used by data transfer should be definite beforehand with existing methods of programming. It limits the possibilities of IT in application of new types. But the recipient software must recognize the building objects even if the kind of object is unknown at the outset. The author offers a set of main topological and geometric properties being sufficient for recognition of main three-dimensional building constructions with flat edges. The tests of artificial neuron network have shown that the recognition of a kind of the constructions represented as a set of indicated parameters happens enough confidently.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZavadskasKaklauskasViteikiene2004,
  author    = {Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras and Kaklauskas, Arturas and Viteikiene, Milda},
  title     = {Database of Best Practices and Decision Support Web-based System for Construction Innovation},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.217},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2173},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Many construction and facilities management Web sites can be found on the Internet. The interested parties on construction and facilities management Web sites can find databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, expert and decision support systems, neural networks, etc. Technological innovation mainly through changes in the availability of information and communication technology inclusive databases of best practices, calculators, analyzers, software, neural networks, decision support and expert systems that have been provided by a variety of new services developed by the construction and facilities management sectors. Most of all calculators, analyzers, software, decision support and expert systems, neural networks and on-line systems seek to find out how to make the most economic decisions and most of all these decisions are intended only for economic objectives. Alternatives under evaluation have to be evaluated not only from the economic position, but take into consideration qualitative, technical, technological and other characteristics as well. Based on the analysis of the existing calculators, analyzers, information, expert and decision support systems, neural networks and in order to determine most efficient versions of best practices a Decision Support Web-Based System for Construction Innovation (IDSS) was developed by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaklauskasCervenkaCervenka2004,
  author    = {Kaklauskas, Gintaris and Cervenka, Vladimir and Cervenka, Jan},
  title     = {Deflection Calculation of RC Beams: Finite Element Software versus Design Code Methods},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.249},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2498},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The paper investigates accuracy of deflection predictions made by the finite element package ATENA and design code methods ACI and EC2. Deflections have been calculated for a large number of experimental reinforced concrete beams reported by three investigators. Statistical parameters have been established for each of the technique at different load levels, separately for the beams with small and moderate reinforcement ratio.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zierold2004,
  author    = {Zierold, Sabine},
  title     = {Der mediale Raum der Architektur},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.767},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20060806-8106},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Der architektonische Raum wird als ein Medium der Kommunikation im Kontext der >neuen< Medien begriffen, aus der Erkenntnis, dass er schon immer ein Medium war und aus einer komplexen Medienstruktur in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von anderen Medien besteht. Im Prozess von Handlung und Kommunikation ist der architektonische Raum das Medium, das r{\"a}umliche N{\"a}he von Individuen {\"u}ber alle Sinne und das Bewusstsein gleichzeitig intensiv erm{\"o}glicht. Der architektonische Raum als immersives Kommunikationsmedium erreicht im Zeitalter der >neuen< Medien eine neue Dimension, indem mehr und andere Wirklichkeitsalternativen der Kommunikation zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen. N. Luhmann folgend, wird die Architektur aus der Sicht der Form/Medium-Differenz systemtheoretisch als strukturierter M{\"o}glichkeitsraum betrachtet. Der Raum ist das Medium f{\"u}r Formen des architektonischen Raumes, in dem Architektur {\"u}berhaupt erst wirksam wird. Umgekehrt sind die Formen des architektonischen Raumes Medien f{\"u}r die Wahrnehmung einer Vielzahl von r{\"a}umlichen Wirklichkeiten. Eine Fassade aus Stein oder Glas ist gebaute Form und kann als Medium Information kommunizieren. Medien werden ihrer Bestimmung um so besser gerecht, je mehr sie sich der Aufmerksamkeit entziehen und wie transparente Fenster hinter der Oberfl{\"a}che der sinnlichen Wahrnehmung zur{\"u}cktreten. Als >unwahrnehmbares< Medium ist der architektonische Raum damit eine hintergr{\"u}ndige >Wirkungsmacht<, eine B{\"u}hne f{\"u}r die Entfaltung von Wirkung, Atmosph{\"a}re und Bewegung. Seine physische Wirklichkeit war schon immer durch virtuelle Wirklichkeiten oder Realit{\"a}ten entgrenzt, die durch Techniken und Technologien der Simulation als k{\"u}nstliche Welten wahrnehmbar und kommunizierbar werden. Dies kann an tradierten Beispielen der gotischen Kathedrale, dem Panorama, den panoptischen R{\"a}umen, dem Theater, Kino oder den kontinuierlichen R{\"a}umen von der Moderne bis heute aufgezeigt weren. Virtuelle R{\"a}ume gotischer Glasbilder oder barocker Decken- und Wandbilder im Medium des architektonischen Raumes sind uns gel{\"a}ufig. Die Immersion, das Eintauchen in diese virtuellen Wirklichkeitssp{\"a}ren l{\"o}st die Wahrnehmung der eigenen k{\"o}rperlichen Pr{\"a}senz in ihnen aus. Das Potential des virtuellen Raumes der Architektur besteht im Vergleich zu anderen virtuellen Realit{\"a}ten von Text, Bild oder digitalen Medien in seiner Gebundenheit an die physische, r{\"a}umliche Reizstruktur, der er die Eindringlichkeit und Komplexit{\"a}t seiner Wirkung verdankt. Es werden unterschiedliche Wechselwirkungen und gemeinsame Entwicklungen von zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Beispielen der Architektur mit den >neuen< Medien aufgezeigt. In der »sensitiven Wand« wird die physische Raumgrenze durch die Integration neuer Techniken und Technologien digitaler, elektronischer Medien etwas extrem Flexibles und Formbares in Interaktion mit dem Benutzer. Der H2O Pavillon (Oosterhuis und NOX, 1997) ist ein Beispiel daf{\"u}r. Der ausgepr{\"a}gt polysensorische Immersionsraum steht f{\"u}r die Einheit von digitaler und architektonischer Simulation. Die metaphorische Welt von H{\"o}hle und Quelle des Thermalbades Vals (P.Zumthor, 1996) ist die r{\"a}umliche Reflexion auf die metaphorische Struktur virtueller R{\"a}ume der >neuen< Medien. Die simulierte Wirklichkeit in den Medien Wasser, Stein und architektonischer Raum produziert sch{\"o}pferisch den polysensorischen immersiven Zugang in die virtuellen Welten >authentischer< physischer Umgebung. Das >Sichtbare< im Medium Raum der Architektur ist ohne das >Unsichtbare< nicht zu begreifen bzw. das sinnlich Wahrnehmbare nicht ohne das Unwahrnehmbare. Das Erkennen dieser Relation von Form und Medium erm{\"o}glicht die Formulierung des neuen Begriffes des medialen Raumes der Architektur, der zur Basis f{\"u}r eine Medientheorie der Architektur wird, als Sichtweise der Entgrenzung des physischen Raumes durch den virtuellen Raum f{\"u}r die subjektive Wahrnehmung, Handlung und Kommunikation.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Laudel2004,
  author    = {Laudel, Katja},
  title     = {Der Typenwandel des l{\"a}ndlichen Wohnhauses im Oderbruch zwischen 1753 zwischen 1850 - Der Einfluss von friderizianischer Kolonisation und preußischer Obrigkeit auf die Hausformen der l{\"a}ndlichen Untertanen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.634},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050509-6663},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Seit ihren Anf{\"a}ngen im ausgehenden 19. Jh. ist der brandenburgischen Hausforschung ein Ph{\"a}nomen in der Entwicklung des l{\"a}ndlichen Wohnhauses bekannt, das in der vorliegenden Arbeit als Typenwandel bezeichnet wird: Zahlreiche Landschaften der ehemaligen Kurmark Brandenburg wurden bis in das 18. Jh. hinein von einem giebelst{\"a}ndigen Haustyp - dem sogenannten M{\"a}rkischen Mittelflurhaus - gepr{\"a}gt. Im Verlauf des 18. und 19. jh. wurde dieser von einem traufst{\"a}ndigen Haustyp - dem sogenannten Mitteldeutschen Ernhaus - >verdr{\"a}ngt<. Dieser Typenwandel ist wie jeder Wandel einer tradierten Hausform auf einen Komplex verschiedener Faktoren und Einflussgr{\"o}ßen zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. {\"U}ber diese Faktoren und Einflussgr{\"o}ßen bestehen in der bisherigen regionalen Hausforschung folgende Thesen: Zum einen wird angenommen, dass das Vorbild der im Rahmen der friderizianischen Kolonisation seit der Mitte des 18. Jh. zahlreich erbauten, traufst{\"a}ndigen Kolonistenh{\"a}user diesen Typenwandel beeinflusst oder ausgel{\"o}st habe. Zum anderen seien die baupolizeilichen Vorschriften und der Einfluss der preußischen Landbauschule - vertreten durch das Oberbaudepartement - ein ausl{\"o}sender oder beschleunigender Faktor gewesen. Aufgabe der Untersuchung ist es, diese Thesen anhand eines geeigneten Untersuchungsgebietes zu diskutieren. Als solches eignete sich das Oderbruch insbesondere, weil es das gr{\"o}ßte zusammenh{\"a}ngende Siedlungsgebiet auf deutscher Seite darstellt, das unter der Regentschaft Friedrichs des Großen kolonisiert wurde, und seine allm{\"a}hliche Trockenlegung seit der Mitte des 18. Jh. von intensiven obrigkeitlichen Eingriffen begleitet war. Mit der zus{\"a}tzlichen Abgrenzung der untersuchten Hausformen auf diejenigen der l{\"a}ndlichen Mittelschicht, d.h. auf die H{\"a}user der Bauern, Fischer und Koss{\"a}ten, basiert die zentrale stratigrafische Untersuchung des Wandlungsprozesses einerseits auf durch die Autorin selbst erarbeiteter Bauforschung am rezenten Hausbestand und andererseits auf der Auswertung umfangreichen Archivmaterials. Der durch zahlreiche {\"U}bergangsformen nachweisbare Prozess der Herausbildung des j{\"u}ngeren Haustyps aus dem {\"a}lteren Haustyp heraus widerlegt die bisherige Annahme, dass der Typenwandel lediglich eine Grenzverschiebung zwischen den geografischen Verbreitungsgebieten zweier fr{\"u}hneuzeitlicher Haustypen gewesen sei. Die archivalische {\"U}berlieferung zur friderizianischen Kolonisation, zum l{\"a}ndlichen Baugeschehen im ausgehenden 18. und beginnenden 19. Jh. sowie zur obrigkeitlichen Reglementierung des >Unterthanenbauwesens< erbringt den eindeutigen Nachweis, dass weder das Vorbild der Kolonistenh{\"a}user noch irgendeine Form der obrigkeitlichen Einflussnahme f{\"u}r den Wandel vom giebelst{\"a}ndigen zum traufst{\"a}ndigen Haustyp von Bedeutung waren. Vielmehr erweisen sich die Auswirkungen der Agrarreformen auf die b{\"a}uerlichen Betriebe als der ausschlaggebende Faktor f{\"u}r den Typenwandel. Die bisher angewandten Begriffe zur Bezeichnung der Haustypen stellen sich im Ergebnis der Untersuchung nicht nur als irref{\"u}hrend sondern falsch heraus. Die Arbeit er{\"o}ffnet deshalb eine Debatte zur Neudefinition der Typenbegriffe innerhalb der regionalen Hausforschung.},
  subject      = {Bauernhaus},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{LaehrBletzinger2004,
  author    = {L{\"a}hr, Andr{\´e} and Bletzinger, Kai-Uwe},
  title     = {Design of an Analysis Environment for Planning Decision Support},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.1370},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1370},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this contribution, the design of an analysis environment is presented, that supports an analyst to come to a decision within a gradual collaborative planning process. An analyst represents a project manager, planner or any other person, involved in the planning process. Today, planning processes are managed by several geographically distributed planners and project managers. Thus, complexity of such a process rises even more. Prediction of consequences of many planning decisions is not possible, in particular since assessment of a planning advance is not trivial. There have to be considered several viewpoints, that depend on individual perceptions. In the following, methods are presented to realize planning decision support.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ChouHsieh2004,
  author    = {Chou, Yu-Hur and Hsieh, Shang-Hsien},
  title     = {Design of Partial Scoring Assessment System for Reinforcement Concrete Design Course : Development of Partial Scoring Assessment System for Reinforcement Concrete Design Course},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.90},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-905},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In the field of Civil Engineering, the content of reinforcement concrete design course (RC course) has complicated design procedures and many difficult specifications to recognize, so most of the students regard the RC course a tough course, and teachers very often find the class time insufficient. Also, teachers of the RC course usually spend a lot of time in organizing the examinations for handling tedious calculations and complicated logical reasoning. Furthermore, correcting examination papers with partial scoring takes even more time of the teacher's. Therefore, the objective of this research is to design and develop a partial scoring assessment system to meet the needs in engineering design courses, such as the RC course. This assessment system can generate test items with variable parameters. It also supports inference diagnosis on the examinee's misconceptions and gives partial scores in grading the examination. In this research, the example test subject is the analysis of rectangular reinforced concrete beam with single layer steel bars.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TsouLamWong2004,
  author    = {Tsou, Jin-Yeu and Lam, Selina and Wong, Wing Kin Gary},
  title     = {Design of Rapidly Assembled Isolation Patient Ward - IT-Supported Collaborative Design Process between Architects and Medical Officers},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.174},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1748},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {An important feature of the 2003 SARS outbreak in Canada, Singapore, and Hong Kong was that many health care workers (HCWs) developed SARS after caring for patients with SARS. This has been ascribed to inadequate or ineffective patient isolation. However, it is difficult for dense cities to provide sufficient isolation facilities within a short period of time. This has raised concerns from the public for new strategies in the planning and design of isolation facilities. Considering that SARS or other infectious diseases could seriously damage our society's development, isolation facilities that could be rapidly and economically constructed with appropriate environmental controls are essential. For this reason, the design team of the Department of Architecture collaborated with a special task force from the Faculty of Medicine, who are the frontline medical officers treating the SARS patients, to design Rapidly Assembled Isolation Patient Wards. Both architecture and medicine are well established disciplines, but they have little in common in terms of the mode of knowledge construction and practice. This induced much intellectual exploration and research interest in conducting this study. The process has provided an important reference for cross disciplinary studies between the architectural and medical domains.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{YahiaouiHensenSoethout2004,
  author    = {Yahiaoui, Azzedine and Hensen, Jan and Soethout, Luc},
  title     = {Developing CORBA-based distributed control and building performance environments by run-time coupling},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.134},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1347},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Communication software and distributed applications for control and building performance simulation software must be reliable, efficient, flexible, and reusable. This paper reports on progress of a project, which aims to achieve better integrated building and systems control modeling in building performance simulation by run-time coupling of distributed computer programs. These requirements motivate the use of the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), which offers sufficient advantage than communication within simple abstraction. However, set up highly available applications with CORBA is hard. Neither control modeling software nor building performance environments have simple interface with CORBA objects. Therefore, this paper describes an architectural solution to distributed control and building performance software tools with CORBA objects. Then, it explains how much the developement of CORBA based distributed building control simulation applications is difficult. The paper finishes by giving some recommendations.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PickHeimsundMilbradt2004,
  author    = {Pick, Tobias and Heimsund, Bjoern-Ove and Milbradt, Peter},
  title     = {Development and Analysis of Sparse Matrix Concepts for Finite Element Approximation on general Cells},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.250},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2500},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In engineering and computing, the finite element approximation is one of the most well-known computational solution techniques. It is a great tool to find solutions for mechanic, fluid mechanic and ecological problems. Whoever works with the finite element method will need to solve a large system of linear equations. There are different ways to find a solution. One way is to use a matrix decomposition technique such as LU or QR. The other possibility is to use an iterative solution algorithm like Conjugate Gradients, Gauß-Seidel, Multigrid Methods, etc. This paper will focus on iterative solvers and the needed storage techniques...},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Lee2004,
  author    = {Lee, Yungui},
  title     = {Development and application of CAD software in the field of building structures in China},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.89},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-898},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {PKPM series CAD software is an integrated CAD system for building design, which integrated the following parts: architectural design, structural design, building service design and statistic analysis of quantity and budget. These four parts share the same database with high efficiency. Over 80\% of design corporation in China are using PKPM series CAD software. The detailed information and some key modules of PKPM series CAD software are mainly introduced in this paper.},
  subject      = {Bautechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MotawaAnumbaElHamalawi2004,
  author    = {Motawa, Ibrahim and Anumba, Chimay and El-Hamalawi, A.},
  title     = {Development of a Fuzzy System for Change Prediction in Construction Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.218},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2180},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Change management has been the focus of different IT systems. These IT systems were developed to represent design information, record design rationale, facilitate design coordination and changes. They are largely based on managing reactive changes, particularly design changes, in which changes are recorded and then propagated to the relevant project members. However, proactive changes are hardly dealt with in IT systems. Proactive changes require estimating the likelihood of occurrence of a change event as well as estimating the degree of change impacts on project parameters. Changes in construction projects often result from the uncertainty associated with the imprecise and vague knowledge of much project information at the early stages of projects. This is a major outcome of the case studies carried out as part of this research. Therefore, the proposed model considers that incomplete knowledge and certain project characteristics are always behind change causes. For proactive changes, predicting a change event is the main task for modelling. The prediction model should strive to integrate these main elements: 1) project characteristics that lead to change 2) causes of change, 3) the likelihood of change occurrence, and 4) the change consequences. It should also define the dependency relationships between these elements. However, limited data (documented) are only available from previous projects for change cases and many of the above elements can only be expressed in linguistic terms. This means that the model will simulate the uncertainty and subjectivity associated with these sets of elements. Therefore, a fuzzy model is proposed in this research to capture these elements. The model analyses the impact of each set of elements on the other by assigning fuzzy values for these elements that express the uncertainty and subjectivity of their impact. The main aim is to predict change events and evaluate change effects on project parameters. The fuzzy model described above was developed in an IT system for operational purposes and was designed as a Java package of components with their supporting classes, beans, and files. This paper describes the development and the architecture of the proposed IT system to achieve these requirements. The system is intended to help project teams in dealing with change causes and then the change consequences in construction projects.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MonobeTanakaFuruta2004,
  author    = {Monobe, Kantaro and Tanaka, Shigenori and Furuta, Hitoshi},
  title     = {Development of a System for Making Guide Maps based on the Idea of the Cognitive Map},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.268},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2688},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Digital maps are very easily applied as route guide maps. Route guide maps are provided through Web or a mobile phone services, and demand for such services is increasing. However, the production of a route guide map requires a great deal of time. Therefore, it is difficult for general users to make route guide maps. The purpose of the present research is the development of a system that can generate a route guide map using the Digital Map 2500 (Spatial Data Framework) published by the Geographical Survey Institute. This system will not require advanced equipment or expert knowledge. Therefore, anyone can produce route guide maps easily and quickly. By using the Digital Map 2500, the time and cost required in order to generate a map are reduced. Moreover, a useful route guide map can be created by simplifying the map form based on the human cognitive map.},
  subject      = {Geoinformationssystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HoyanoNakaohkuboAsawa2004,
  author    = {Hoyano, Akira and Nakaohkubo, Kazuaki and Asawa, Takashi},
  title     = {Development of Thermal Simulation Tool for Urban Block Design - Based on Numerical Simulation System using 3D},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.97},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-973},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A simulation system has been developed as a computer aided design tool to evaluate the effect of proposed design on the thermal environment during the designing process. This system calculates outdoor surface temperatures in order to evaluate the thermal impact of a design factor in outdoor space. In this study, the previous heat balance simulation system was improved to predict the surface temperature of a proposed design using 3D-CAD. This system is able to input the complicated outdoor spatial forms ef\&\#64257;ciently and also to evaluate the surface temperature distribution from any viewpoint.},
  subject      = {Stadtplanung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoikeMorimotoNomura2004,
  author    = {Koike, Hirotaka and Morimoto, Akinori and Nomura, Kazuhiro},
  title     = {Development of Urban Land Use Model to Compare Transit-Oriented and Automobile-Oriented Cities},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.262},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2621},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This study is an attempt to develop a simple simulation model that can compare the differences between automobile-oriented and transit-oriented cities, and clarify the difference between city forms by transportation modes. Following a theoretical model development, a series of simulation runs are tried. The model allocates people who commute to CBD from residential zones along a transportation corridor. As a result of many simulation analyses, it is shown that automobiles need much more traffic space in comparison with the transit as is shown by the proposed traffic space ratio both in CBD and along the corridor.},
  subject      = {Verkehrsplanung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FloodIssaAbuShdid2004,
  author    = {Flood, Ian and Issa, Raja and Abu-Shdid, Caesar},
  title     = {Developments in Hyper Real-Time Simulation of Transient Heat-Flow in Buildings},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.196},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1961},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper reports on the latest results in the development of a new approach for simulating the thermal behavior of buildings that overcomes the limitations of conventional heat-transfer simulation methods such as FDM and FEM. The proposed technique uses a coarse-grain approach to model development whereby each element represents a complete building component such as a wall, internal space, or floor. The thermal behavior of each coarse-grain element is captured using empirical modeling techniques such as artificial neural networks (ANNs). The main advantages of the approach compared to conventional simulation methods are: (a) simplified model construction for the end-user; (b) simplified model reconfiguration; (c) significantly faster simulation runs (orders of magnitude faster for two and three-dimensional models); and (d) potentially more accurate results. The paper demonstrates the viability of the approach through a number of experiments with a model of a composite wall. The approach is shown to be able to sustain highly accurate longterm simulation runs, if the coarse-grain modeling elements are implemented as ANNs. In contrast, an implementation of the coarse-grain elements using a linear model is shown to function inaccurately and erratically. The paper concludes with an identification of on-going work and future areas for development of the technique.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Planker2004,
  author    = {Planker, Markus},
  title     = {Die Aufsichtspflicht (und Kl{\"a}rungspflicht) des Architekten, Architekten- und Ingenieurhaftung, Berufshaftpflichtversicherungen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.722},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-7227},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Der Architektenvertrag als Werkvertrag (Konsequenzen: Haftung f{\"u}r den Werkerfolg, keine abschließende Bestimmung des vom Architekten geschuldeten Leistungsumfanges durch den T{\"a}tigkeitskatalog etwa von \S 15 HOAI), vertragliche und außervertragliche Haftungstatbest{\"a}nde (vertragliche Anspr{\"u}che des Auftraggebers gegen den Architekten, Haftung gegen{\"u}ber Dritten aufgrund des Architektenvertrages), typische Haftungsrisiken des Architekten, insbesondere im Kostenbereich sowie f{\"u}r Planungs- und Objekt{\"u}berwachungsfehler (Haftung des Architekten f{\"u}r {\"U}berschreitung der Baukosten, Architektenhaftung bei Planungs- und Objekt{\"u}berwachungsfehlern), Zul{\"a}ssigkeit der Vereinbarung von Haftungsbeschr{\"a}nkungen, Berufshaftpflichtversicherung f{\"u}r Architekten und Ingenieure},
  subject      = {Baubetriebslehre},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Jakob2004,
  author    = {Jakob, Patrick},
  title     = {Die Bedeutung von klassischen Elementen in virtueller Architektur - Untersucht am Beispiel der Wand},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.651},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050708-6849},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Die Dissertation exploriert und evaluiert die Definition einer Entsprechung der architektonischen Kategorie der Wand f{\"u}r virtuelle Architekturen. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit eine architektonische Strukturierung in der virtuellen Architektur fortzuf{\"u}hren ist, um Handlungs- und Kommunikationsstrukturen zu sichern. Der erste Teil motiviert die Arbeit und vermittelt die Grundlagen und Termini, die in einem direkten Zusammenhang mit der virtuellen Architektur verwendet werden. Der folgende Teil konzentriert sich ausschließlich auf die reale Architektur. Ausgehend vom Element der Wand wird, in einer analytischen und architekturtheoretischen Betrachtung, ein Modell von Raumkategorien entwickelt, welches im Hinblick auf die virtuelle Architektur von besonderer Bedeutung ist. Die aus der Analyse gewonnen Erkenntnisse in Form von Raumkategorien werden im dritten Teil aus der realen in die virtuelle Architektur {\"u}bertragen. Das folgende Kapitel beschreibt drei Experimente, die Fra-gen, Hypothesen und Ans{\"a}tze aus den vorangegangenen Kapiteln empirisch evaluieren. Im abschließenden Kapitel werden die Erkenntnisse der experimentellen Untersuchung im Kontext des architektonischen Gestaltens von virtuellen Architekturen diskutiert.},
  subject      = {Virtuelle Realit{\"a}t},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Thurow2004,
  author    = {Thurow, Torsten},
  title     = {Digitaler Architekturbestand - Untersuchungen zur computergest{\"u}tzten, schrittweisen Erfassung und Abbildung der Geometrie von Geb{\"a}uden im Kontext der planungsrelevanten Bauaufnahme},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.140},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20041025-1380},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Die Arbeit beschreibt ein Konzept zur computergest{\"u}tzten, schrittweisen Erfassung und Abbildung der Geometrie von Geb{\"a}uden im Kontext der planungsrelevanten Bauaufnahme. Zun{\"a}chst wird die Bauaufnahme als Erstellung eines verwendungsspezifischen Modells betrachtet. Anschließend wird der Fokus auf das geometrische Abbild gelegt. Es werden u.a. die Aufmaßtechniken Handaufmaß, Tachymetrie und Photogrammetrie bewertet und geb{\"a}udetypische geometrische Abstraktionen aufgelistet. Danach erfolgt eine Aufstellung von Anforderungen an ein computergest{\"u}tztes Aufmaßsystem, welche mit kommerziellen L{\"o}sungen aus dem nichtgeod{\"a}tischen Bereich verglichen wird. Im Hauptteil wird das zu Beginn genannte Konzept beschrieben. Betrachtet wird die skizzenbasierte Erstellung eines nichtmaßlichen geometrischen Abbildes des Geb{\"a}udes in den Fr{\"u}hphasen der Bauaufnahme, seine anschließende schrittweise maßliche Anpassung an das Original und topologische Detaillierung im Zuge des Bauaufmaßes, sowie die Extraktion von Bauteilen und ihren geometrischen Parametern. Zur Vereinfachung der maßlichen Anpassung des geometrischen Abbildes im Aufmaßprozeß werden geometrische Abstraktionen wie Parallelit{\"a}ten, rechte Winkel usw. genutzt, aber nicht erzwungen. Mit Hilfe der Ausgleichungsrechnung erfolgt eine Zusammenf{\"u}hrung der geometrischen Abstraktionen und verschiedener Aufmaßtechniken. Es werden die n{\"o}tigen Beobachtungsgleichungen und andere relevante Aspekte beschrieben. Gezeigt wird weiter ein Konzept, wie ein nutzerseitig ver{\"a}nderbares Bauwerksmodell mit dem geometrischen Abbild in Bezug gebracht werden kann, wobei aus dem geometrischen Abbild geometrische Parameter des nutzerseitig ver{\"a}nderbaren Bauwerkmodells gewonnen werden k{\"o}nnen. Ausgesuchte Problematiken der Arbeit wurden prototypisch implementiert und getestet. Hierbei stand die Verbindung der Aufmaßtechniken und geometrischen Abstraktionen im Mittelpunkt. Die geometrischen Ans{\"a}tze der Arbeit beschr{\"a}nken sich auf planare Oberfl{\"a}chen.},
  subject      = {Bauaufnahme},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{FruchterDemianSaxena2004,
  author    = {Fruchter, Renate and Demian, Peter and Saxena, Kushagra},
  title     = {Discovery of Re-usable Architecture/Engineering Construction Knowledge Trough Exploration of a Corporate Memory : Chance Discovery of Reusable AEC Knowledge from a Corporate Memory},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.193},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1932},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Re-using knowledge in architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) firms can lead to greater competitive advantage, improved designs, and more effective management of constructed facilities. This paper discusses the importance of exploration and discovery of reusable knowledge from a corporate archive as opposed to simple search and retrieval. We describe and illustrate through a scenario of use an exploration framework and prototype, CoMemTM that formalizes the added value of exploration in the process of knowledge reuse. We discuss two exploration activities: (i) Breadth- Only overview exploration that assist a user to rapidly localize pockets of re-usable knowledge from the large corporate archive and (ii) Iterative breadth-depth exploration that enables a user to identify those re-usable components of the Corporate Memory that may yield design issues that were not originally considered.},
  subject      = {Hochschulbildung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElRayesKandil2004,
  author    = {El-Rayes, Khaled and Kandil, Amr},
  title     = {Distributed Computing for the Optimization of Large-Scale Construction Projects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.160},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1601},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Available construction time-cost trade-off analysis models can be used to generate trade-offs between these two important objectives, however, their application is limited in large-scale construction projects due to their impractical computational requirements. This paper presents the development of a scalable and multi-objective genetic algorithm that provides the capability of simultaneously optimizing construction time and cost large-scale construction projects. The genetic algorithm was implemented in a distributed computing environment that utilizes a recent standard for parallel and distributed programming called the message passing interface (MPI). The performance of the model is evaluated using a set of measures of performance and the results demonstrate the capability of the present model in significantly reducing the computational time required to optimize large-scale construction projects.},
  subject      = {Baubetrieb},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WellmannJelicBaitschHartmann2004,
  author    = {Wellmann Jelic, Andres and Baitsch, Matthias and Hartmann, Dietrich},
  title     = {Distributed computing of failure probabilities for structures in civil engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.103},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1030},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this contribution the software design and implementation of an analysis server for the computation of failure probabilities in structural engineering is presented. The structures considered are described in terms of an equivalent Finite Element model, the stochastic properties, like e.g. the scatter of the material behavior or the incoming load, are represented using suitable random variables. Within the software framework, a Client-Server-Architecture has been implemented, employing the middleware CORBA for the communication between the distributed modules. The analysis server offers the possibility to compute failure probabilities for stochastically defined structures. Therefore, several different approximation (FORM, SORM) and simulation methods (Monte Carlo Simulation and Importance Sampling) have been implemented. This paper closes in showing several examples computed on the analysis server.},
  subject      = {Konzipieren <Technik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KicingerArciszewskiDeJong2004,
  author    = {Kicinger, Rafal and Arciszewski, Tomasz and De Jong, Kenneth},
  title     = {Distributed Evolutionary Design: Island-Model-based Optimization of Steel Skeleton Structures in Tall Buildings},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.219},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2195},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents results of a study on distributed, or parallel, evolutionary computation in the topological design of steel structural systems in tall buildings. It describes results of extensive experimental research on various parallel evolutionary architectures applied to a complex structural design problem. The experiments were conducted using Inventor 2003, a networkbased evolutionary design support tool developed at George Mason University. First, a general introduction to evolutionary computation is provided with an emphasis on recent developments in parallel evolutionary architectures. Next, a discussion of conceptual design of steel structural systems in tall buildings is presented. Further, Inventor 2003 is briefly introduced as well as its design representation and evolutionary computation characteristics. Next, the results obtained from systematic design experiments conducted with Inventor 2003 are discussed. The objective of these experiments was to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate evolution of steel structural systems in tall buildings during a distributed evolutionary design process as well as to compare efficiency and effectiveness of various parallel evolutionary architectures with the traditional evolutionary design approaches. Two connectivity topologies (ring topology and fully-connected topology) have been investigated for four populations of structural designs evolving in parallel and using various migration strategies. Also, results of the initial sensitivity studies are reported in which two ways of initializing distributed evolutionary design processes were investigated, using either arbitrarily selected designs as initial parents or randomly generated ones. Finally, initial research conclusions are presented.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SemenovBazhanMorozov2004,
  author    = {Semenov, Vitaly and Bazhan, Andrew and Morozov, Sergey},
  title     = {Distributed STEP-Compliant Platform for Multimodal Collaboration in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.261},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2616},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an innovative software platform OpenSTEP intended to build advanced distributed integrated systems and to conduct multidisciplinary collaborative projects in both academy and industry. The paper discusses an open system architecture, methodology, component library and CASE toolkit enabling the developers to build a wide range of interoperable applications and systems compliant with STEP and, particularly, with IFC becoming the increasingly important standard for information integration in architecture, engineering and construction.},
  subject      = {Framework <Informatik>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BargstaedtBlickling2004,
  author    = {Bargst{\"a}dt, Hans-Joachim and Blickling, Arno},
  title     = {Effective cost estimate and construction processes with 3D interactive technologies: Towards a virtual world of construction sites},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.232},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2320},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The development of 3D technologies during the last decades in many different areas, leads us towards the complete 3D representation of planet earth on a high level of detail. On the lowest level we have geographical information systems (GIS) representing the outer layer of our planet as a 3D model. In the meantime these systems do not only give a geographical model but also present additional information like ownership, infrastructure and others that might be of interest for the construction business. In future these systems will serve as basis for virtual environments for planning and simulation of construction sites. In addition to this work is done on the integration of GIS systems with 3D city models in the area of urban planning and thus integration of different levels of detail. This article presents research work on the use of 3D models in construction on the next level of detail below the level of urban planning. The 3D city model is taken as basis for the 3D model of the construction site. In this virtual nD-world a contractor can organize and plan his resources, simulate different variants of construction processes and thus find out the most effective solution for the consideration of costs and time. On the basis of former researches the authors present a new approach for cost estimation and simulation using development technologies from game software.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KwakKim2004,
  author    = {Kwak, Hyo-Gyoung and Kim, Jin-Kook},
  title     = {Efficient Shoring System in RC Frame Structures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.251},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2511},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this paper, systematic analyses for the shoring systems installed to support the applied loads during construction are performed on the basis of the numerical approach. On the basis of a rigorous time-dependent analysis, structural behaviors of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures according to the changes in design variables such as the types of shoring systems, shore stiffness and shore spacing are analyzed and discussed. The time-dependent deformations of concrete such as creep and shrinkage and construction sequences of frame structures are also taken into account to minimize the structural instability and to reach to an improved design of shoring system because these effects may increase the axial forces delivered to the shores. In advance, the influence of the column shortening effect, generally mentioned in a tall building structure, is analyzed. From many parametric studies, it has been finally concluded that the most effective shoring system in RC frame structures is 2S1R (two shores and one reshore) regardless of the changes in design variables.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Schiecke2004,
  author    = {Schiecke, Steffen},
  title     = {Eignung alumosilikatischer Polymerbinder zur Modifizierung von Lehmbaustoffen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.1419},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20100702-15088},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Der Einsatz von Lehmbaustoffen st{\"o}ßt an Grenzen, wenn das Material Feuchtigkeit ausgesetzt ist. Die vorliegende Arbeit enth{\"a}lt Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung der Wasserbst{\"a}ndigkeit von Lehmbaustoffen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass mittels alumosilikatischer Polymerbinder der Widerstand von Lehmbaustoffen gegen Feuchteeinwirkung erheblich verbessert werden kann. Die positiven bauklimatischen Eigenschaften werden dabei nicht negativ beeinflusst.},
  subject      = {Lehm},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Meyer2004,
  author    = {Meyer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Ein Beitrag zur Bemessung von Holzrahmenbauw{\"a}nden mit der Methode der Finiten Elemente},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.417},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20050307-4022},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist es zu zeigen, ob die Anwendung der Methode der Finiten Elemente f{\"u}r die Berechnungen von aussteifenden Wandkonstruktionen in Holzrahmen- bzw. Holztafelbauweise richtige und verallgemeinerbare Ergebnisse liefert und damit: · zur Bemessung von Konstruktionen dienen kann, · die Nachrechnung bestehender Konstruktionen mit von der Norm abweichenden Ausf{\"u}hrungsdetails erlaubt und · einen Ersatz f{\"u}r 1:1-Versuche an Wandscheiben darstellt. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich wie folgt zusammenfassen: Unter den derzeitigen Bedingungen stellt die Methode der Berechnung mit Finiten Elementen f{\"u}r die Bemessung von Ein- und Zweirastertafeln, vor allem f{\"u}r die bautechnische Praxis, keine sinnvolle Alternative zu den in den Normen genannten Berechnungsverfahren dar. F{\"u}r Ein- und Zweirastersysteme sind die Nachweisverfahren der DIN 1052 bzw. des Eurocode 5 ausreichend. Sie k{\"o}nnen durch das Berechnungsverfahren nach KESSEL sinnvoll erg{\"a}nzt werden. Die Drucklastverteilung in den Vertikalrippen wird jedoch nur unzureichend erfasst. F{\"u}r Konstruktionen wie die in dieser Arbeit untersuchte Mehrrastertafel stehen derzeit keine geeigneten Berechnungsverfahren zur Verf{\"u}gung. Die Anwendbarkeit der FE-Methode f{\"u}r die Nachrechnung bestehender Konstruktionen mit von der Norm abweichenden Konstruktionsdetails konnte in dieser Arbeit nicht nachgewiesen werden. F{\"u}r die FE-Modellbildung von Wandscheiben des Holzrahmenbaus wurden verschiedenen Detaill{\"o}sungen gezeigt. Es wurde gezeigt, welche Konstruktionsdetails der Wandscheiben signifikante Auswirkungen auf das Gesamttragverhalten haben. Die FE-Methode kann in der in dieser Arbeit verwendeten Form zur Vorbereitung von Versuchen an 1:1-Modellen dienen und wertvolle Hinweise zum Einfluß verschiedener Konstruktionsdetails auf das Gesamttragverhalten der Wandtafel liefern, um gezielt Ver{\"a}nderungen vornehmen zu k{\"o}nnen. Insofern stellen Berechnungen mit der FE-Methode eine sinnvolle Erg{\"a}nzung dar.},
  subject      = {Holzrahmenbau},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Abdalla2004,
  author    = {Abdalla, Jamal},
  title     = {Elements of an Agent-based Mediative Communication Protocol for Design Objects},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.220},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2207},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Integrated structural engineering system usually consists of large number of design objects that may be distributed across different platforms. These design objects need to communicate data and information among each other. For efficient communication among design objects a common communication protocol need to be defined. This paper presents the elements of a communication protocol that uses a mediator agent to facilitate communication among design objects. This protocol is termed the Mediative Communication Protocol (MCP). The protocol uses certain design communication performatives and the semantics of an Agent Communication language (ACL) mainly the Knowledge and Query Manipulation Language (KQML) to implement its steps. Details of a Mediator Agent, that will facilitate the communication among design objects, is presented. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used to present the Meditative protocol and show how the mediator agent can be use to execute the steps of the meditative communication protocol. An example from structural engineering application is presented to demonstrate and validate the protocol. It is concluded that the meditative protocol is a viable protocol to facilitate object-to-object communication and also has potential to facilitate communication among the different project participants at the higher level of integrated structural engineering systems.},
  subject      = {Mehragentensystem},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ressel2004,
  author    = {Ressel, Oliver},
  title     = {Entscheidungshilfen f{\"u}r die Planung von Anlagen zum naßmechanischen Recycling von Betonrestmassen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.79},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20040511-831},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Trotz der weiten Verbreitung erfolgt die Planung der Restbetonrecyclinganlagen immer noch durch learnig-by-doing, da verfahrenstechnisches Grundlagenwissen nicht vorliegt. Wer an verantwortlicher Stelle die Investition in eine neue oder in die Verbesserung einer bestehenden Restbetonrecyclinganlage beurteilen soll, steht vor einer komplexen Entscheidung, die unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung unterschiedlichster Kriterien getroffen werden muss. In der Praxis besteht hinsichtlich der Qualit{\"a}tssicherung der Recyclingprodukte, der Ablagerungen der noch reaktiven Zementpartikel, der Bemessung der eingesetzten Maschinen, der praktikablen Handhabung hinsichtlich einiger Detailprobleme sowie der Anordnung der verfahrenstechnischen Komponenten in Bezug zur Gel{\"a}ndeoberkante weitgehend Unklarheit. Das allgemeine Verlangen nach einer durchdachten Entscheidungshilfe und die Notwendigkeit, zu einem sachlich begr{\"u}ndeten Urteil zu kommen, macht Entscheidungshilfen f{\"u}r die Planung von Restbetonrecyclinganlagen erforderlich. Insbesondere da Fehlentscheidungen nicht nur mit großem Aufwand r{\"u}ckg{\"a}ngig gemacht werden k{\"o}nnen. Hierf{\"u}r wurden 18 maßgebliche Entscheidungskriterien entwickelt. Diese Entscheidungskriterien wurden im Rahmen der Nutzwertanalyse als Projektziele entwickelt. Die erarbeiteten Kriterien einteilen: - Kriterien zur Qualit{\"a}tssicherung bei der Verwendung der Recyclingprodukte F{\"u}r die Wiederverwendung der Recyclingprodukte Restwasser und Restbetonzu- schlag sind im technischen Regelwerk Verfahrensweisen vorgechrieben. Hinsichtlich der Prozesse bei der Wiederverwendung konnten deutliche Ver- besserungspotentiale aufgezeigt werden. Besonders die Anwendung von online- Dichtemessverfahren im Vergleich zur Ar{\"a}ometermessung verbessert die Len- kungsprozesse zur Qualit{\"a}tssicherung. Aber auch die weitere Klassierung oder das getrennte Lagern und Dosieren des Restbetonzuschlags im Vergleich zu der im technischen Regelwerk vorgeschriebenen Verfahrensweise des volumetrischen Absch{\"a}tzens bringt Verbesserungspotential. - Kriterien zur Minimierung von Ablagerungen Noch reaktive Zementpartikel kommen zeitweise permanent mit Anlagen- komponenten, Leitungen und Beckeninnenfl{\"a}chen der Recyclinganlage in Be- r{\"u}hrung. Ablagerungen von Zementpartikeln, die den Betrieb der Anlage be- hindern, verschlechtern oder sogar verhindern, sind unvermeidbar. Aller- dings kann, wie im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gezeigt wurde, eine Minimierung der Ablagerungen durch geeignete Maßnahmen herbeigef{\"u}hrt werden. Die Ablage- rungen im Suspensionsbeckenlassen sich durch den Zustand der homogenen Suspension sowie durch das Str{\"o}mungsbild angepasste Formgebung minimieren. Durch die geeignete Gef{\"a}llewahl und vor allem durch die korrekte Wahl der Pumpenart k{\"o}nnen die Ablagerungen in Leitungen minimiert werden. - Kriterien zur Bemessung der verfahrenstechnischen Apparate Die Auslegung der Recyclinganlage hinsichtlich der Auswaschleistung, der R{\"u}hrerleistung und der Gr{\"o}ße des Suspendierraumes erfolgt bisher anhand von praktischen Erfahrungswerten. In dieser Arbeit wurde f{\"u}r die Auswasch- leistung ein allgemeing{\"u}ltiges Berechnungsmodel hergeleitet. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde gezeigt, dass die R{\"u}hrerleistung f{\"u}r das Suspendieren von Restwasser berechnet werden kann. Die Gr{\"o}ße des Suspendierraumes kann unter Be- r{\"u}cksichtigung der zu- und abfließenden Materialstr{\"o}me berechnet werden. Das Trennverhalten des mechanischen Klassierers wurde im Rahmen einer Ver- suchsreihe mit folgenden Ergebnissen ermittelt: a. Die Klassierdurchs{\"a}tze steigen mit gr{\"o}ßer werdendem Entleerdurchsatz. ufgrund der Pufferwirkung des mechanischen Klassierers, bei der die diskontinuierlich in den Aufgabetrichter gef{\"u}llte Restbetontr{\"u}be (Ent- leeren) in einem kontinuerlichen Prozess (Klassieren) durch den Trog gef{\"o}rdert wird, n{\"a}hert sich der Klassierdurchsatz asymtotisch einem Grenzwert an. b. Das Masseausbringen rbz wird signifikant vom Klassierdurchsatz und weniger vom Entleerdurchsatz beeinflusst. c. Die Korngr{\"o}ßenverteilung des Restbetons, des Restbetonzuschlags und des Restwassers belegen anschaulich den erreichten Trenneffekt. d. Die Trennkorngr{\"o}ße steigt mit zunehmendem Klassierdurchsatz an. Diese Tendenz ist allerdings nur bei Betrachtung des "nassen" Klassier- durchsatzes signifikant erkennbar. Bei Betrachtung des "trockenen" Durchsatzes ergibt sich keine Abh{\"a}ngigkeit. Die Ursache hierf{\"u}r ist, dass in den "nassen" Durchsatz Prozesse wie Tr{\"u}beagitation und Feinkorn- konzentration indirekt eingehen. e. Der Fehlkornanteil < 125 µm im Restbetonzuschlag steigt ebenfalls mit "nassem" Klassiersatz an. f. Im Unterschied dazu bestehen f{\"u}r den Fehlkornanteil > 125 µm im Rest- wasser signifikante Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten zu Entleer- und Klassierdurchs{\"a}tzen. Ursache ist der tote Fluss. - Kriterien zur Praktikabilit{\"a}t des Anlagenberiebes - Interdependenzen zwischen Anlagenkomponenten},
  subject      = {Restbeton},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PetersenSeewald2004,
  author    = {Petersen, Michael and Seewald, Gerrit},
  title     = {Establishing of fundamentals in building projects using web services},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.127},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1273},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {During the establishing of fundamentals in a building project a huge amount of influence factors and boundary conditions have to be investigated in order to provide the prerequisites for further planning processes. These investigative tasks are often related with a great effort concerning time and money, because there are no standardized workflows and interfaces which provide an efficient access to the necessary information related to a specific construction site. Within the fundamental investigation human and natural circumstances have to be taken into account. Thus, in this project two examples have been chosen in order to demonstrate the holistic approach for an integration and provision of georeferenced information. The developed internet-site http://www.grundlagenermittlung.de has been designed to support architects and civil engineers in early planning phases of a building project efficiently. It offers web-based services based on dynamic interfaces for a flexible search and collection of information concerning the building site. Therefore, a central Metadatabase-Server for Description, Discovery and Integration has been established which enables a registration of georeferenced services and the redirection of incoming requests to other, distributed data pools. Using this Yellow-Page concept in combination with the underlying meta-data based on the ISO 19115 standard an efficient investigation of geographical and environmental information becomes possible.},
  subject      = {Bauwerk},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ChenKongLietal.2004,
  author    = {Chen, Zhen and Kong, Stephen and Li, Heng and Xu, Qian},
  title     = {Evaluating IT Applications for Innovative Construction Management},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.99},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-994},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The construction management has been under pressure to reduce operating costs and to improve productivity using innovative information technologe (IT) solutions conformed to structural characteristics, site conditions and past experiences. Given the growing emphasis on effectiveness and efficiency in construction projects, there is an imminent need to develop a formal procedure to select the best IT application for each proposed construction project and research and development (R\&D) project. As there are numerous factors that have to be considered in selecting appropriate IT in a given situation, decision-makers need to have multicriteria decision-making ability. To enable them to make the most appropriate decision in any situation, it is important that effective tools incorporating multicriteria decision-making techniques are available. In this paper, an Analytic Network Process (ANP) model is conducted for the selection of appropriate IT application for innovative construction management prior to construction or research. The paper concludes that the ANP is a viable and capable tool for conducting IT application selection in multicriteria decision-making environment.},
  subject      = {Bauf{\"u}hrung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Schaeffler2004,
  author    = {Sch{\"a}ffler, Michael},
  title     = {Fachkunde des Generalunternehmers versus Fachkunde des Fachbetriebes - Praxisbericht zur Ausf{\"u}hrung eines GU-Auftrages},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.719},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-7195},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {M{\"o}glichkeiten der Projektrealisierung: Einzelvergabe der Planungs- und Bauaufgaben, Vergabe aller Planungs- und Bauaufgaben an einen Generalunternehmer. Die fr{\"u}hzeitige Einbindung eines erfahrenen und fachkundigen Generalunternehmers gibt dem Auftraggeber die M{\"o}glichkeit, bei minimiertem Risiko zu einer wirtschaftlich und bautechnisch optimalen L{\"o}sung seiner Bauaufgabe zu kommen.},
  subject      = {Baubetriebslehre},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StaubFrench2004,
  author    = {Staub-French, Sheryl},
  title     = {Feature-based Product Modeling for Building Construction},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.233},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2331},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Current building product models explicitly represent components, attributes of components, and relationships between components. These designer-focused product models, however, do not represent many of the design conditions that are important for construction, such as component similarity, uniformity, and penetrations. Current design and construction tools offer limited support for detecting these construction-specific design conditions. This paper describes the ontology we developed using the manufacturing concept of features to represent the design conditions that are important for construction. The feature ontology provides the blueprint for the additions and changes needed to transform a standard product model into a constructionspecific product model. The ontology formalizes three classes of features, defines the attributes and functions of each feature type, and represents the relationships between features explicitly. The descriptive semantics of the ontology allows practitioners to represent their varied preferences for naming features, specifying features that result from component intersections and the similarity of components, and grouping features that affect a specific construction domain. A software prototype that implements the ontology enables practitioners to transform designer-focused product models into feature-based product models that represent the construction perspective.},
  subject      = {Produktmodell},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MilbradtSchierbaumSchwoeppe2004,
  author    = {Milbradt, Peter and Schierbaum, Jochen and Schw{\"o}ppe, Axel},
  title     = {Finite Cell-Elements of Higher Order},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.252},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2524},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The method of the finite elements is an adaptable numerical procedure for interpolation as well as for the numerical approximation of solutions of partial differential equations. The basis of these procedure is the formulation of suitable finite elements and element decompositions of the solution space. Classical finite elements are based on triangles or quadrangles in the two-dimensional space and tetrahedron or hexahedron in the threedimensional space. The use of arbitrary-dimensional convex and non-convex polyhedrons as the geometrical basis of finite elements increases the flexibility of generating finite element decompositions substantially and is sometimes the only way to get a clear decomposition...},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AsayamaMae2004,
  author    = {Asayama, Shuichi and Mae, Toshifumi},
  title     = {Fractal Truss Structure and Automatic Form Generation Using Iterated Function System},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.104},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1046},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper describes a couple of new truss structures based on fractal geometry. One is the famous Sierpinski Gasket and another is a fractal triangle derived by means of applying a process forming leaves of a cedar tree using M. F. Barnsley's contraction mapping theory. Therefore a pair of x-y coordinates of an arbitrary nodal point on the structures are generated easily if IFS(Iterated Function System) codes and a scale of them are specified. Structural members are defined similarly. Thus data for frame analysis can be generated automatically, which is significant if the objective structure has complex configuration. Next analytical results under vertical and wind loadings in Japanese Building Code are shown. Here members are assumed to be timber and to have cross section of 15cm×15cm. Finally authors conclude that geometrically new truss structures were developed and automatic data generation for frame analysis was attained using IFS. Analytical results show they contribute to saving material when compared it with King-post truss.},
  subject      = {Konzipieren <Technik>},
  language  = {en}
}