@misc{Duering,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {D{\"u}ring, Serjoscha},
  title     = {Between plan and reality: tracing the development dynamics of the Lanzhou New Area - a computational approach},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4000},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20191108-40002},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {78},
  abstract  = {Contemporary planning practice is often criticized as too design-driven with a lack of both quantitative evaluation criteria and employment of models that anticipate the self-organizational forces shaping cities, resulting in significant gaps between plan and reality. This study aims to introduce a modular toolbox prototype for spatial-analysis in data-poor environments. It is proposed to integrate designing, evaluation, and monitoring of urban development into one framework, thus supporting data-driven, on-demand urban design, and planning processes. The proposed framework's value will exemplarily be tested, focussing on the analysis and simulation of spatiotemporal growth trajectories taking the Lanzhou New Area as a case-study - a large scale new town project that struggles to attract residents and businesses. Conducted analysis suggests that more attention should be given to spatiotemporal development paths to ensure that cities work more efficiently throughout any stage of development. Finally, early hints on general design strategies to achieve this goal are discussed with the assistance of the proposed toolbox.},
  subject      = {Stadtplanung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DokhanchiArnoldVogeletal.,
  author    = {Dokhanchi, Najmeh Sadat and Arnold, J{\"o}rg and Vogel, Albert and V{\"o}lker, Conrad},
  title     = {Acoustic Travel-Time Tomography: Optimal Positioning of Transceiver and Maximal Sound-Ray Coverage of the Room},
  series = {Fortschritte der Akustik - DAGA 2019},
  booktitle = {Fortschritte der Akustik - DAGA 2019},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3877},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190408-38778},
  pages     = {4},
  abstract  = {Acoustic travel-time tomography (ATOM) determines the distribution of the temperature in a propagation medium by measuring the travel-time of acoustic signals between transmitters and receivers. To employ ATOM for indoor climate measurements, the impulse responses have been measured in the climate chamber lab of the Bauhaus-University Weimar and compared with the theoretical results of its image source model (ISM). A challenging task is distinguishing the reflections of interest in the reflectogram when the sound rays have similar travel-times. This paper presents a numerical method to address this problem by finding optimal positions of transmitter and receiver, since they have a direct impact on the distribution of travel times. These optimal positions have the minimum number of simultaneous arrival time within a threshold level. Moreover, for the tomographic reconstruction, when some of the voxels remain empty of sound-rays, it leads to inaccurate determination of the air temperature within those voxels. Based on the presented numerical method, the number of empty tomographic voxels are minimized to ensure the best sound-ray coverage of the room. Subsequently, a spatial temperature distribution is estimated by simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT). The experimental set-up in the climate chamber verifies the simulation results.},
  subject      = {Bauphysik},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{AlYasiri2017,
  author    = {Al-Yasiri, Zainab Riyadh Shaker},
  title     = {Function Theoretic Methods for the Analytical and Numerical Solution of Some Non-linear Boundary Value Problems with Singularities},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3898},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190506-38987},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {164},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The p-Laplace equation is a nonlinear generalization of the well-known Laplace equation. It is often used as a model problem for special types of nonlinearities, and therefore it can be seen as a bridge between very general nonlinear equations and the linear Laplace equation, too. It appears in many problems for instance in the theory of non-Newtonian fluids and fluid dynamics or in rockfill dam problems, as well as in special problems of image restoration and image processing. The aim of this thesis is to solve the p-Laplace equation for 1 < p < 2, as well as for 2 < p < 3 and to find strong solutions in the framework of Clifford analysis. The idea is to apply a hypercomplex integral operator and special function theoretic methods to transform the p-Laplace equation into a p-Dirac equation. We consider boundary value problems for the p-Laplace equation and transfer them to boundary value problems for a p-Dirac equation. These equations will be solved iteratively by applying Banach's fixed-point principle. Applying operator-theoretical methods for the p-Dirac equation, the existence and uniqueness of solutions in certain Sobolev spaces will be proved. In addition, using a finite difference approach on a uniform lattice in the plane, the fundamental solution of the Cauchy-Riemann operator and its adjoint based on the fundamental solution of the Laplacian will be calculated. Besides, we define gener- alized discrete Teodorescu transform operators, which are right-inverse to the discrete Cauchy-Riemann operator and its adjoint in the plane. Furthermore, a new formula for generalized discrete boundary operators (analogues of the Cauchy integral operator) will be considered. Based on these operators a new version of discrete Borel-Pompeiu formula is formulated and proved. This is the basis for an operator calculus that will be applied to the numerical solution of the p-Dirac equation. Finally, numerical results will be presented showing advantages and problems of this approach.},
  subject      = {Finite-Differenzen-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Steiner,
  author    = {Steiner, Marion},
  title     = {Die chilenische Steckdose. Kleine Weltgeschichte der deutschen Elektrifizierung von Valpara{\´i}so und Santiago, 1880-1920},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3925},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190517-39257},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {507, 155},
  abstract  = {Am Beispiel der Elektrifizierung zweier Großst{\"a}dte an der Westk{\"u}ste S{\"u}damerikas zeigt die Arbeit den globalen Einfluss deutscher Industrie- und Finanzakteure auf technische, st{\"a}dtebauliche und gesellschaftlich-kulturelle Entwicklungen zur Bl{\"u}tezeit des europ{\"a}ischen Imperialismus auf. Damit werden die Regionalgeschichten der chilenischen Hauptstadtregion und der Elektropolis Berlin zu einer Globalgeschichte miteinander verkn{\"u}pft. Ein Hauptaugenmerk der Analyse liegt dabei auf den weltweiten Akteursnetzwerken und Machtverh{\"a}ltnissen sowie dem kulturellen Erbe und seiner gegenw{\"a}rtigen Interpretation.},
  subject      = {Weltgeschichte},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Nogueira2018,
  author    = {Nogueira, Priscilla},
  title     = {Brazilian battlers' housing. Histories of self-production - histories of social rise},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3895},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190506-38953},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {357},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Brazilian battlers' housing discusses the self-production of dwellings in the circumstances of the socioeconomic rise of the so-called Brazilian new middle class, occurred on the first decade of the years 2000. Battlers are a precarious working class of about 100 million people, who have used their recently increased purchase power to informally solve their private housing demands, planning, building and renovating their homes themselves, with limited technical knowledge and almost no access to formal technicians as for example architects. The result is a mode of housing production, which spreads over the territory in micro-local self-initiatives and informal social practices of construction and management. With the support of a controversial manpower, this practice presents all sorts of technical complications, but at the same time expedient ways of affordability and creative spatial solutions for ordinary constructive problems. Such initiatives have consolidated Brazilian informal settlements and peripheral subdivisions, attending a demand poorly responded by the government. This research recognises the benefits of the self-production, but questions the conditions under which it happens and asks if it really collaborates for a true social rise of those who are engaged in it. With an empirical and qualitative approach and taking dwelling construction processes leaded by battlers as main information sources, the academic work responds if and how the socioeconomic rise of the Brazilian battlers has exactly affected the self-production of dwellings. For that, battlers' self-production of dwellings is analysed and discussed in five main aspects: 1) acquisition of land and real state, 2) building overtime, 3) space and creative power, 4) technical complications and building materials and 5) manpower and know-how.},
  subject      = {Sozialwohnung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MorgenthalEickRauetal.,
  author    = {Morgenthal, Guido and Eick, Jan Frederick and Rau, Sebastian and Taraben, Jakob},
  title     = {Wireless Sensor Networks Composed of Standard Microcomputers and Smartphones for Applications in Structural Health Monitoring},
  series = {Sensors - Special Issue Selected Papers from 7th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring},
  volume    = {2019},
  journal   = {Sensors - Special Issue Selected Papers from 7th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring},
  number    = {Volume 19, Issue 9, 2070},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  doi       = {10.3390/s19092070},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190514-39123},
  pages     = {22},
  abstract  = {Wireless sensor networks have attracted great attention for applications in structural health monitoring due to their ease of use, flexibility of deployment, and cost-effectiveness. This paper presents a software framework for WiFi-based wireless sensor networks composed of low-cost mass market single-board computers. A number of specific system-level software components were developed to enable robust data acquisition, data processing, sensor network communication, and timing with a focus on structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The framework was validated on Raspberry Pi computers, and its performance was studied in detail. The paper presents several characteristics of the measurement quality such as sampling accuracy and time synchronization and discusses the specific limitations of the system. The implementation includes a complementary smartphone application that is utilized for data acquisition, visualization, and analysis. A prototypical implementation further demonstrates the feasibility of integrating smartphones as data acquisition nodes into the network, utilizing their internal sensors. The measurement system was employed in several monitoring campaigns, three of which are documented in detail. The suitability of the system is evaluated based on comparisons of target quantities with reference measurements. The results indicate that the presented system can robustly achieve a measurement performance commensurate with that required in many typical SHM tasks such as modal identification. As such, it represents a cost-effective alternative to more traditional monitoring solutions.},
  subject      = {Structural Health Monitoring},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BielikSchneiderKuligaetal.,
  author    = {Bielik, Martin and Schneider, Sven and Kuliga, Saskia and Griego, Danielle and Ojha, Varun and K{\"o}nig, Reinhard and Schmitt, Gerhard and Donath, Dirk},
  title     = {Examining Trade-Offs between Social, Psychological, and Energy Potential of Urban Form},
  series = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
  volume    = {2019},
  journal   = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
  editor    = {Resch, Bernd and Szell, Michael},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijgi8020052},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190408-38695},
  abstract  = {Urban planners are often challenged with the task of developing design solutions which must meet multiple, and often contradictory, criteria. In this paper, we investigated the trade-offs between social, psychological, and energy potential of the fundamental elements of urban form: the street network and the building massing. Since formal mehods to evaluate urban form from the psychological and social point of view are not readily available, we developed a methodological framework to quantify these criteria as the first contribution in this paper. To evaluate the psychological potential, we conducted a three-tiered empirical study starting from real world environments and then abstracting them to virtual environments. In each context, the implicit (physiological) response and explicit (subjective) response of pedestrians were measured. To quantify the social potential, we developed a street network centrality-based measure of social accessibility. For the energy potential, we created an energy model to analyze the impact of pure geometric form on the energy demand of the building stock. The second contribution of this work is a method to identify distinct clusters of urban form and, for each, explore the trade-offs between the select design criteria. We applied this method to two case studies identifying nine types of urban form and their respective potential trade-offs, which are directly applicable for the assessment of strategic decisions regarding urban form during the early planning stages.},
  subject      = {Planung},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schemmann,
  author    = {Schemmann, Christoph},
  title     = {Optimierung von radialen Verdichterlaufr{\"a}dern unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung empirischer und analytischer Vorinformationen mittels eines mehrstufigen Sampling Verfahrens},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190910-39748},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {233},
  abstract  = {Turbomachinery plays an important role in many cases of energy generation or conversion. Therefore, turbomachinery is a promising approaching point for optimization in order to increase the efficiency of energy use. In recent years, the use of automated optimization strategies in combination with numerical simulation has become increasingly popular in many fields of engineering. The complex interactions between fluid and solid mechanics encountered in turbomachines on the one hand and the high computational expense needed to calculate the performance on the other hand, have, however, prevented a widespread use of these techniques in this field of engineering. The objective of this work was the development of a strategy for efficient metamodel based optimization of centrifugal compressor impellers. In this context, the main focus is the reduction of the required numerical expense. The central idea followed in this research was the incorporation of preliminary information acquired from low-fidelity computation methods and empirical correlations into the sampling process to identify promising regions of the parameter space. This information was then used to concentrate the numerically expensive high-fidelity computations of the fluid dynamic and structure mechanic performance of the impeller in these regions while still maintaining a good coverage of the whole parameter space. The development of the optimization strategy can be divided into three main tasks. Firstly, the available preliminary information had to be researched and rated. This research identified loss models based on one dimensional flow physics and empirical correlations as the best suited method to predict the aerodynamic performance. The loss models were calibrated using available performance data to obtain a high prediction quality. As no sufficiently exact models for the prediction of the mechanical loading of the impellercould be identified, a metamodel based on finite element computations was chosen for this estimation. The second task was the development of a sampling method which concentrates samples in regions of the parameter space where high quality designs are predicted by the preliminary information while maintaining a good overall coverage. As available methods like rejection sampling or Markov-chain Monte-Carlo methods did not meet the requirements in terms of sample distribution and input correlation, a new multi-fidelity sampling method called "Filtered Sampling"has been developed. The last task was the development of an automated computational workflow. This workflow encompasses geometry parametrization, geometry generation, grid generation and computation of the aerodynamic performance and the structure mechanic loading. Special emphasis was put into the development of a geometry parametrization strategy based on fluid mechanic considerations to prevent the generation of physically inexpedient designs. Finally, the optimization strategy, which utilizes the previously developed tools, was successfully employed to carry out three optimization tasks. The efficiency of the method was proven by the first and second testcase where an existing compressor design was optimized by the presented method. The results were comparable to optimizations which did not take preliminary information into account, while the required computational expense cloud be halved. In the third testcase, the method was applied to generate a new impeller design. In contrast to the previous examples, this optimization featuredlargervariationsoftheimpellerdesigns. Therefore, theapplicability of the method to parameter spaces with significantly varying designs could be proven, too.},
  subject      = {Simulation},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Tan,
  author    = {Tan, Fengjie},
  title     = {Shape Optimization Design of Arch Type Dams under Uncertainties},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3960},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190819-39608},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  abstract  = {Due to an increased need for hydro-electricity, water storage, and flood protection, it is assumed that a series of new dams will be built throughout the world. Comparing existing design methodologies for arch-type dams, model-based shape optimization can effectively reduce construction costs and leverage the properties of construction materials. To apply the means of shape optimization, suitable variables need to be chosen to formulate the objective function, which is the volume of the arch dam here. In order to increase the consistency with practical conditions, a great number of geometrical and behavioral constraints are included in the mathematical model. An optimization method, namely Genetic Algorithm is adopted which allows a global search. Traditional optimization techniques are realized based on a deterministic approach, which means that the material properties and loading conditions are assumed to be fixed values. As a result, the real-world structures that are optimized by these approaches suffer from uncertainties that one needs to be aware of. Hence, in any optimization process for arch dams, it is nec- essary to find a methodology that is capable of considering the influences of uncertainties and generating a solution which is robust enough against the uncertainties. The focus of this thesis is the formulation and the numerical method for the optimization of the arch dam under the uncertainties. The two main models, the probabilistic model, and non-probabilistic models are intro- duced and discussed. Classic procedures of probabilistic approaches un- der uncertainties, such as RDO (robust design optimization) and RBDO (reliability-based design optimization), are in general computationally ex- pensive and rely on estimates of the system's response variance and fail- ure probabilities. Instead, the robust optimization (RO) method which is based on the non-probabilistic model, will not follow a full probabilistic approach but works with pre-defined confidence levels. This leads to a bi-level optimization program where the volume of the dam is optimized under the worst combination of the uncertain parameters. By this, robust and reliable designs are obtained and the result is independent of any as- sumptions on stochastic properties of the random variables in the model. The optimization of an arch-type dam is realized here by a robust optimiza- tion method under load uncertainty, where hydraulic and thermal loads are considered. The load uncertainty is modeled as an ellipsoidal expression. Comparing with any traditional deterministic optimization (DO) method, which only concerns the minimum objective value and offers a solution candidate close to limit-states, the RO method provides a robust solution against uncertainties. All the above mentioned methods are applied to the optimization of the arch dam to compare with the optimal design with DO methods. The re- sults are compared and analyzed to discuss the advantages and drawbacks of each method. In order to reduce the computational cost, a ranking strategy and an ap- proximation model are further involved to do a preliminary screening. By means of these, the robust design can generate an improved arch dam structure which ensures both safety and serviceability during its lifetime.},
  subject      = {Wasserbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hasche,
  author    = {Hasche, Katja},
  title     = {Substanz, Struktur oder Bild? Denkmalpflegerische Erfassung von Siedlungen und Wohnanlagen der 1950er bis 1980er Jahre in Westeuropa},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3992},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20190924-39921},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {201},
  abstract  = {Die Dissertation umfasst eine vertiefende Untersuchung der denkmalpflegerischen Erfassung von Siedlungen und Wohnanlagen als eine der wichtigsten und umfangreichsten Bautypologien der 1950er bis 1980er Jahre in Westeuropa. Die Besch{\"a}ftigung mit Bauten der 1950er bis 1980er Jahre f{\"u}hrt bei Denkmalpflegern, Architekten, Bewohnern und Politikern immer wieder zu {\"U}berlegungen, ob diese besondere Erfassungs- und Erhaltungsstrategien erfordern. Dabei wirft die Typologie des Siedlungsbaus besondere Fragen auf, da sie neben architektonischen Aspekten auch st{\"a}dtebauliche, landschaftsplanerische und sozialwissenschaftliche Bedeutungsebenen umfasst. Nicht zuletzt sind Siedlungen der 1950er bis 1980er Jahre aus denkmalpflegerischer Sicht h{\"a}ufig stark gef{\"a}hrdet. Obwohl die meisten Siedlungen noch nicht ausreichend kunsthistorisch gew{\"u}rdigt und erfasst sind, unterliegen sie einem hohen Ver{\"a}nderungsdruck. Die teilweise enorme st{\"a}dtebauliche Dimension und Monofunktionalit{\"a}t der Anlagen, die h{\"a}ufig aufgrund von seriellen Bautypen und vorfabrizierten Elementen gleichf{\"o}rmige architektonische Gestaltung und eine Vernachl{\"a}ssigung im Bauunterhalt erschweren den Zugang zu dieser Baugattung. Gewandelte Wohnbed{\"u}rfnisse sowie bauphysikalische, energietechnische oder {\"a}sthetische Maßnahmen f{\"u}hren zur Ver{\"a}nderung der noch relativ jungen Bausubstanz. Zudem weisen Siedlungen der Nachkriegszeit aufgrund ihrer teilweise sehr großz{\"u}gigen Freiraumstruktur ein großes Potential zur Nachverdichtung auf. Die Auswahl der in dieser Arbeit untersuchten L{\"a}nder und Siedlungen ergab sich aus der Auswertung einer europaweiten Befragung von Denkmal{\"a}mtern sowie anschließend gef{\"u}hrten Gespr{\"a}chen mit Fachleuten. Die untersuchten 20 Siedlungen und Wohnanlagen repr{\"a}sentieren verschiedene L{\"a}nder (Deutschland, {\"O}sterreich, Schweiz, Frankreich, Niederlande, England) sowie Bauepochen und Siedlungstypologien, die von der Einfamilienhaussiedlung {\"u}ber Siedlungen mit gemischter Bautypologie hin zur Großsiedlung reichen. Anhand der unterschiedlichen Fallbeispiele wird aufgezeigt, inwiefern die jeweiligen L{\"a}nder, Bauepochen beziehungsweise Siedlungstypologien Einfluss auf die denkmalpflegerischen Erfassungsstrategien haben. Zusammenfassend l{\"a}sst sich res{\"u}mieren, dass die Gesetzesgrundlagen und Denkmalkriterien f{\"u}r eine denkmalpflegerische Erfassung von Bauten der 1950er bis 1980er Jahre in den meisten L{\"a}ndern konstant bleiben, w{\"a}hrend sich in den Bereichen Zeitpunkt, Auswahl und Einbindung der {\"O}ffentlichkeit eine Modifizierung oder zumindest eine Reflektion der bisherigen Strukturen abzeichnet. Sinnvoll und w{\"u}nschenswert erscheint dar{\"u}ber hinaus ein verst{\"a}rkter Austausch der Denkmalpflege {\"u}ber die nationalen Grenzen hinweg und ein gegenseitiges Lernen voneinander.},
  subject      = {Architektur},
  language  = {de}
}