@article{WelchGuerra, author = {Welch Guerra, Max}, title = {Fach, Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft. Beitrag zur Debatte „Was ist Stadt? Was ist Kritik?"}, series = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, volume = {2022}, journal = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, number = {Band 10, Nr. 1}, publisher = {Sub\urban e.V.}, address = {Leipzig}, doi = {10.36900/suburban.v10i1.779}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220810-46855}, pages = {188 -- 190}, abstract = {Der Aufruf, die Begriffe Stadt und Kritik in das Zentrum einer Debatte zu stellen, bietet die große Chance, uns weit {\"u}ber begriffliche Kl{\"a}rungen unseres gemeinsamen Arbeitsgegenstands hinaus - die ja auch f{\"u}r sich selbst sehr fruchtbar sein k{\"o}nnen - {\"u}ber die Funktion zu verst{\"a}ndigen, die wir in der Gesellschaft aus{\"u}ben, wenn wir r{\"a}umliche Planung praktizieren, erforschen und lehren. Da in der Bundesrepublik nicht nur ein großer Bedarf, sondern auch eine betr{\"a}chtliche Nachfrage nach {\"o}ffentlicher Planung besteht und die planungsbezogenen Wissenschaften sich eines insgesamt stabilen institutionellen Standes erfreuen, laufen wir Gefahr, die gesellschaftspolitische Legitimation von Berufsfeld und Wissenschaft zu vernachl{\"a}ssigen, sie als gegeben zu behandeln. Wir m{\"u}ssen uns ja kaum rechtfertigen.}, subject = {Stadt}, language = {de} } @misc{Vollmer, author = {Vollmer, Lisa}, title = {Aber das sind doch die Guten - oder? Wohnungsgenossenschaften in Hamburg. Rezension zu Jo-scha Metzger (2021): Genossenschaften und die Wohnungsfrage. Konflikte im Feld der Sozialen Wohnungswirtschaft. M{\"u}nster: Westf{\"a}lisches Dampfboot}, series = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, volume = {2022}, journal = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, number = {Band 10, Nr. 1}, publisher = {sub\urban e. V.}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.36900/suburban.v10i1.795}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220713-46691}, pages = {261 -- 267}, abstract = {Warum werden in aktuellen Diskussionen Wohnungsgenossenschaften immer wieder als zentrale Akteure einer gemeinwohlorientierten Wohnraumversorgung benannt - obwohl sie kaum zur Schaffung neuen bezahlbaren Wohnraums beitragen? Warum wehrt sich die Mehrzahl der Wohnungsgenossenschaften mit H{\"a}nden und F{\"u}ßen gegen die Wiedereinf{\"u}hrung eines Gesetzes zur Wohnungsgemeinn{\"u}tzigkeit, obwohl es doch gerade dieses Gesetz war, dass sie im 20. Jahrhundert zu im internationalen Vergleich großen Unternehmen wachsen ließ? Sind Wohnungsgenossenschaften nun klientilistische, wenig demokratische und nur halb dekommodifizierte Marktteilnehmer oder wichtiger Teil der Wohnungsversorgung der unteren Mittelschicht? Wer Antworten auf diese und andere Fragen sucht und Differenziertheit in ihrer Beantwortung aush{\"a}lt, lese Joscha Metzers Dissertation „Genossenschaften und die Wohnungsfrage.}, subject = {Gentrifizierung}, language = {de} } @article{TeitelbaumAlsaadAvivetal., author = {Teitelbaum, Eric and Alsaad, Hayder and Aviv, Dorit and Kim, Alexander and V{\"o}lker, Conrad and Meggers, Forrest and Pantelic, Jovan}, title = {Addressing a systematic error correcting for free and mixed convection when measuring mean radiant temperature with globe thermometers}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {Volume 12, article 6473}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-10172-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220509-46363}, pages = {18}, abstract = {It is widely accepted that most people spend the majority of their lives indoors. Most individuals do not realize that while indoors, roughly half of heat exchange affecting their thermal comfort is in the form of thermal infrared radiation. We show that while researchers have been aware of its thermal comfort significance over the past century, systemic error has crept into the most common evaluation techniques, preventing adequate characterization of the radiant environment. Measuring and characterizing radiant heat transfer is a critical component of both building energy efficiency and occupant thermal comfort and productivity. Globe thermometers are typically used to measure mean radiant temperature (MRT), a commonly used metric for accounting for the radiant effects of an environment at a point in space. In this paper we extend previous field work to a controlled laboratory setting to (1) rigorously demonstrate that existing correction factors used in the American Society of Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 55 or ISO7726 for using globe thermometers to quantify MRT are not sufficient; (2) develop a correction to improve the use of globe thermometers to address problems in the current standards; and (3) show that mean radiant temperature measured with ping-pong ball-sized globe thermometers is not reliable due to a stochastic convective bias. We also provide an analysis of the maximum precision of globe sensors themselves, a piece missing from the domain in contemporary literature.}, subject = {Strahlungstemperatur}, language = {en} } @article{TarabenMorgenthal, author = {Taraben, Jakob and Morgenthal, Guido}, title = {Integration and Comparison Methods for Multitemporal Image-Based 2D Annotations in Linked 3D Building Documentation}, series = {Remote Sensing}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {Volume 14, issue 9, article 2286}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/rs14092286}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220513-46488}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {Data acquisition systems and methods to capture high-resolution images or reconstruct 3D point clouds of existing structures are an effective way to document their as-is condition. These methods enable a detailed analysis of building surfaces, providing precise 3D representations. However, for the condition assessment and documentation, damages are mainly annotated in 2D representations, such as images, orthophotos, or technical drawings, which do not allow for the application of a 3D workflow or automated comparisons of multitemporal datasets. In the available software for building heritage data management and analysis, a wide range of annotation and evaluation functions are available, but they also lack integrated post-processing methods and systematic workflows. The article presents novel methods developed to facilitate such automated 3D workflows and validates them on a small historic church building in Thuringia, Germany. Post-processing steps using photogrammetric 3D reconstruction data along with imagery were implemented, which show the possibilities of integrating 2D annotations into 3D documentations. Further, the application of voxel-based methods on the dataset enables the evaluation of geometrical changes of multitemporal annotations in different states and the assignment to elements of scans or building models. The proposed workflow also highlights the potential of these methods for condition assessment and planning of restoration work, as well as the possibility to represent the analysis results in standardised building model formats.}, subject = {Bauwesen}, language = {en} } @article{SoebkeLueck, author = {S{\"o}bke, Heinrich and L{\"u}ck, Andrea}, title = {Framing Algorithm-Driven Development of Sets of Objectives Using Elementary Interactions}, series = {Applied System Innovation}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Applied System Innovation}, number = {Volume 5, issue 3, article 49}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/asi5030049}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220713-46624}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is an established methodology to support the decision-making of multi-objective problems. For conducting an MCDA, in most cases, a set of objectives (SOO) is required, which consists of a hierarchical structure comprised of objectives, criteria, and indicators. The development of an SOO is usually based on moderated development processes requiring high organizational and cognitive effort from all stakeholders involved. This article proposes elementary interactions as a key paradigm of an algorithm-driven development process for an SOO that requires little moderation efforts. Elementary interactions are self-contained information requests that may be answered with little cognitive effort. The pairwise comparison of elements in the well-known analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is an example of an elementary interaction. Each elementary interaction in the development process presented contributes to the stepwise development of an SOO. Based on the hypothesis that an SOO may be developed exclusively using elementary interactions (EIs), a concept for a multi-user platform is proposed. Essential components of the platform are a Model Aggregator, an Elementary Interaction Stream Generator, a Participant Manager, and a Discussion Forum. While the latter component serves the professional exchange of the participants, the first three components are intended to be automatable by algorithms. The platform concept proposed has been evaluated partly in an explorative validation study demonstrating the general functionality of the algorithms outlined. In summary, the platform concept suggested demonstrates the potential to ease SOO development processes as the platform concept does not restrict the application domain; it is intended to work with little administration moderation efforts, and it supports the further development of an existing SOO in the event of changes in external conditions. The algorithm-driven development of SOOs proposed in this article may ease the development of MCDA applications and, thus, may have a positive effect on the spread of MCDA applications.}, subject = {Multikriteria-Entscheidung}, language = {en} } @article{RoskammVollmer, author = {Roskamm, Nikolai and Vollmer, Lisa}, title = {Was ist Stadt? Was ist Kritik? Einf{\"u}hrung in die Debatte zum Jubil{\"a}umsheft von sub\urban}, series = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, journal = {sub\urban. zeitschrift f{\"u}r kritische stadtforschung}, number = {Band 10, Nr. 1,}, publisher = {Sub\urban e.V.}, address = {Leipzig}, doi = {10.36900/suburban.v10i1.798}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220811-46847}, pages = {127 -- 130}, abstract = {Im Heft zum zehnj{\"a}hrigen Jubil{\"a}um von sub\urban mit dem Themenschwerpunkt „sub\x: Verortungen, Entortungen" ver{\"o}ffentlichen wir eine Debatte, die von den bisherigen in unserer Zeitschrift in dieser Rubrik gef{\"u}hrten textlichen Diskussionen abweicht. Im Vorfeld der Planungen f{\"u}r unsere Jubil{\"a}umsausgabe haben wir die aktuellen Mitglieder unseres wissenschaftlichen Beirats darum gebeten, zwei grundlegende Fragen von kritischer Stadtforschung in kurzen Beitr{\"a}gen zu diskutieren: Was ist Stadt? Was ist Kritik?}, subject = {Stadt}, language = {de} } @article{MehlingSchnabelLondong, author = {Mehling, Simon and Schnabel, Tobias and Londong, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Investigation on Energetic Efficiency of Reactor Systems for Oxidation of Micro-Pollutants by Immobilized Active Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis}, series = {Water}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Water}, number = {Volume 14, issue 7, article 2681}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/w14172681}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220912-47130}, pages = {1 -- 15}, abstract = {In this work, the degradation performance for the photocatalytic oxidation of eight micropollutants (amisulpride, benzotriazole, candesartan, carbamazepine, diclofenac, gabapentin, methlybenzotriazole, and metoprolol) within real secondary effluent was investigated using three different reactor designs. For all reactor types, the influence of irradiation power on its reaction rate and energetic efficiency was investigated. Flat cell and batch reactor showed almost similar substance specific degradation behavior. Within the immersion rotary body reactor, benzotriazole and methylbenzotriazole showed a significantly lower degradation affinity. The flat cell reactor achieved the highest mean degradation rate, with half time values ranging from 5 to 64 min with a mean of 18 min, due to its high catalysts surface to hydraulic volume ratio. The EE/O values were calculated for all micro-pollutants as well as the mean degradation rate constant of each experimental step. The lowest substance specific energy per order (EE/O) values of 5 kWh/m3 were measured for benzotriazole within the batch reactor. The batch reactor also reached the lowest mean values (11.8-15.9 kWh/m3) followed by the flat cell reactor (21.0-37.0 kWh/m3) and immersion rotary body reactor (23.9-41.0 kWh/m3). Catalyst arrangement and irradiation power were identified as major influences on the energetic performance of the reactors. Low radiation intensities as well as the use of submerged catalyst arrangement allowed a reduction in energy demand by a factor of 3-4. A treatment according to existing treatment goals of wastewater treatment plants (80\% total degradation) was achieved using the batch reactor with a calculated energy demand of 7000 Wh/m3.}, subject = {Fotokatalyse}, language = {en} } @article{MaiwaldSchwarzKaufmannetal., author = {Maiwald, Holger and Schwarz, Jochen and Kaufmann, Christian and Langhammer, Tobias and Golz, Sebastian and Wehner, Theresa}, title = {Innovative Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Urban Areas against Flood Events: Prognosis of Structural Damage with a New Approach Considering Flow Velocity}, series = {Water}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Water}, number = {Volume 14, issue 18, article 2793}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/w14182793}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221012-47254}, pages = {1 -- 28}, abstract = {The floods in 2002 and 2013, as well as the recent flood of 2021, caused billions Euros worth of property damage in Germany. The aim of the project Innovative Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Urban Areas against Flood Events (INNOVARU) involved the development of a practicable flood damage model that enables realistic damage statements for the residential building stock. In addition to the determination of local flood risks, it also takes into account the vulnerability of individual buildings and allows for the prognosis of structural damage. In this paper, we discuss an improved method for the prognosis of structural damage due to flood impact. Detailed correlations between inundation level and flow velocities depending on the vulnerability of the building types, as well as the number of storeys, are considered. Because reliable damage data from events with high flow velocities were not available, an innovative approach was adopted to cover a wide range of flow velocities. The proposed approach combines comprehensive damage data collected after the 2002 flood in Germany with damage data of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami in Japan. The application of the developed methods enables a reliable reinterpretation of the structural damage caused by the August flood of 2002 in six study areas in the Free State of Saxony.}, subject = {Bauschaden}, language = {en} } @article{Lutolli, author = {Lutolli, Blerim}, title = {A Review of Domed Cities and Architecture: Past, Present and Future}, series = {Future cities and environment}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Future cities and environment}, number = {Volume 8, issue 1}, publisher = {Ubiquity Press Limited}, address = {London}, doi = {10.5334/fce.154}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20221103-47335}, pages = {1 -- 9}, abstract = {The goal of architecture is changing in response to the expanding role of cities, rapid urbanization, and transformation under changing economic, environmental, social, and demographic factors. As cities increased in the early modern era, overcrowding, urbanization, and pollution conditions led reformers to consider the future shape of the cities. One of the most critical topics in contemporary architecture is the subject of the future concepts of living. In most cases, domed cities, as a future concept of living, are rarely considered, and they are used chiefly as "utopian" visions in the discourse of future ways of living. This paper highlights the reviews of domed cities to deepen the understanding of the idea in practice, like its approach in terms of architecture. The main aim of this paper is to provide a broad overview for domed cities in the face of pollution as one of the main concerns in many European cities. As a result, the significance of the reviews of the existing projects is focused on their conceptual quality. This review will pave the way for further studies in terms of future developments in the realm of domed cities. In this paper, the city of Celje, one of the most polluted cities in Slovenia, is taken as a case study for considering the concept of Dome incorporated due to the lack of accessible literature on the topic. This review's primary contribution is to allow architects to explore a broad spectrum of innovation by comparing today's achievable statuses against the possibilities generated by domed cities. As a result of this study, the concept of living under the Dome remains to be developed in theory and practice. The current challenging climatic situation will accelerate the evolution of these concepts, resulting in the formation of new typologies, which are a requirement for humanity.}, subject = {Architektur}, language = {en} } @article{KumariHarirchianLahmeretal., author = {Kumari, Vandana and Harirchian, Ehsan and Lahmer, Tom and Rasulzade, Shahla}, title = {Evaluation of Machine Learning and Web-Based Process for Damage Score Estimation of Existing Buildings}, series = {Buildings}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Buildings}, number = {Volume 12, issue 5, article 578}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/buildings12050578}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220509-46387}, pages = {1 -- 23}, abstract = {The seismic vulnerability assessment of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is a significant source of disaster mitigation plans and rescue services. Different countries evolved various Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) techniques and methodologies to deal with the devastating consequences of earthquakes on the structural characteristics of buildings and human casualties. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods, such as machine learning (ML) algorithm-based methods, are increasingly used in various scientific and technical applications. The investigation toward using these techniques in civil engineering applications has shown encouraging results and reduced human intervention, including uncertainties and biased judgment. In this study, several known non-parametric algorithms are investigated toward RVS using a dataset employing different earthquakes. Moreover, the methodology encourages the possibility of examining the buildings' vulnerability based on the factors related to the buildings' importance and exposure. In addition, a web-based application built on Django is introduced. The interface is designed with the idea to ease the seismic vulnerability investigation in real-time. The concept was validated using two case studies, and the achieved results showed the proposed approach's potential efficiency}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} }