@phdthesis{Ajjour,
  author    = {Ajjour, Yamen},
  title     = {Addressing Controversial Topics in Search Engines},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.6403},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230626-64037},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {133},
  abstract  = {Search engines are very good at answering queries that look for facts. Still, information needs that concern forming opinions on a controversial topic or making a decision remain a challenge for search engines. Since they are optimized to retrieve satisfying answers, search engines might emphasize a specific stance on a controversial topic in their ranking, amplifying bias in society in an undesired way. Argument retrieval systems support users in forming opinions about controversial topics by retrieving arguments for a given query. In this thesis, we address challenges in argument retrieval systems that concern integrating them in search engines, developing generalizable argument mining approaches, and enabling frame-guided delivery of arguments. Adapting argument retrieval systems to search engines should start by identifying and analyzing information needs that look for arguments. To identify questions that look for arguments we develop a two-step annotation scheme that first identifies whether the context of a question is controversial, and if so, assigns it one of several question types: factual, method, and argumentative. Using this annotation scheme, we create a question dataset from the logs of a major search engine and use it to analyze the characteristics of argumentative questions. The analysis shows that the proportion of argumentative questions on controversial topics is substantial and that they mainly ask for reasons and predictions. The dataset is further used to develop a classifier to uniquely map questions to the question types, reaching a convincing F1-score of 0.78. While the web offers an invaluable source of argumentative content to respond to argumentative questions, it is characterized by multiple genres (e.g., news articles and social fora). Exploiting the web as a source of arguments relies on developing argument mining approaches that generalize over genre. To this end, we approach the problem of how to extract argument units in a genre-robust way. Our experiments on argument unit segmentation show that transfer across genres is rather hard to achieve using existing sequence-to-sequence models. Another property of text which argument mining approaches should generalize over is topic. Since new topics appear daily on which argument mining approaches are not trained, argument mining approaches should be developed in a topic-generalizable way. Towards this goal, we analyze the coverage of 31 argument corpora across topics using three topic ontologies. The analysis shows that the topics covered by existing argument corpora are biased toward a small subset of easily accessible controversial topics, hinting at the inability of existing approaches to generalize across topics. In addition to corpus construction standards, fostering topic generalizability requires a careful formulation of argument mining tasks. Same side stance classification is a reformulation of stance classification that makes it less dependent on the topic. First experiments on this task show promising results in generalizing across topics. To be effective at persuading their audience, users of an argument retrieval system should select arguments from the retrieved results based on what frame they emphasize of a controversial topic. An open challenge is to develop an approach to identify the frames of an argument. To this end, we define a frame as a subset of arguments that share an aspect. We operationalize this model via an approach that identifies and removes the topic of arguments before clustering them into frames. We evaluate the approach on a dataset that covers 12,326 frames and show that identifying the topic of an argument and removing it helps to identify its frames.},
  subject      = {Informatik},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kiesel2022,
  author    = {Kiesel, Johannes},
  title     = {Harnessing Web Archives to Tackle Selected Societal Challenges},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4660},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20220622-46602},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {With the growing importance of the World Wide Web, the major challenges our society faces are also increasingly affecting the digital areas of our lives. Some of the associated problems can be addressed by computer science, and some of these specifically by data-driven research. To do so, however, requires to solve open issues related to archive quality and the large volume and variety of the data contained. This dissertation contributes data, algorithms, and concepts towards leveraging the big data and temporal provenance capabilities of web archives to tackle societal challenges. We selected three such challenges that highlight the central issues of archive quality, data volume, and data variety, respectively: (1) For the preservation of digital culture, this thesis investigates and improves the automatic quality assurance of the web page archiving process, as well as the further processing of the resulting archive data for automatic analysis. (2) For the critical assessment of information, this thesis examines large datasets of Wikipedia and news articles and presents new methods for automatically determining quality and bias. (3) For digital security and privacy, this thesis exploits the variety of content on the web to quantify the security of mnemonic passwords and analyzes the privacy-aware re-finding of the various seen content through private web archives.},
  subject      = {Informatik},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MendoncadeAlmeida,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Mendon{\c{c}}a de Almeida, Karina},
  title     = {Why isn't Google welcome in Kreuzberg? Social movement and the effects of Internet on urban space},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.4244},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20200924-42446},
  school      = {Bauhaus-Universit{\"a}t Weimar},
  pages     = {132},
  abstract  = {Advances in information and communication technologies such as the Internet have driven a great transformation in the interactions between individuals and the urban environment. As the use of the Internet in cities becomes more intense and diverse, there is also a restructuring of urban space, which is experienced by groups in society in various ways, according to the specificity of each context. Accordingly, large Internet companies have emerged as new players in the processes of urbanization, either through partnerships with the public administration or through various services offered directly to urban residents. Once these corporations are key actors in the digitalization of urban services, their operations can affect the patterns of urban inequality and generate a series of new struggles over the production of space. Interested in analyzing this phenomena from the perspective of civil society, the present Master Thesis examined a social movement that prevented Google to settle a new startup campus in the district of Kreuzberg, in Berlin. By asking why Google was not welcome in that context, this study also sought to understand how internet, as well as its main operators, has affected everyday life in the city. Thus, besides analyzing the movement, I investigated the particularities of the urban context where it arose and the elements that distinguish the mobilization's opponent. In pursuit of an interdisciplinary approach, I analyzed and discussed the results of empirical research in dialogue with critical theories in the fields of urban studies and the Internet, with emphasis on Castells' definitions of urban social movements and network society (1983, 2009, 2015), Couldry's and Mejias' (2019) idea of data colonialism, Lef{\`e}bvre's (1991, 1996) concepts of abstract space and the right to the city, as well as Zuboff's (2019) theory of surveillance capitalism. The case at hand has exposed that Google plays a prominent role in the way the Internet has been developed and deployed in cities. From the perspective accessed, the current appropriation of Internet technologies has been detrimental to individual autonomy and has contributed to intensifying existing inequalities in the city. The alternative vision to this relies mainly on the promotion of decentralized solidarity networks.},
  subject      = {Soziale Bewegung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KuwataShinozaki2000,
  author    = {Kuwata, Hitoshi and Shinozaki, M.},
  title     = {Web-based System for Visualization of Distribution Patterns of Solar Energy and Sky Factor on Outdoor Open Spaces},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.602},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-6026},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {This study aims at constructing the simulation system of distribution patterns of solar irradiance, sunshine duration and sky factor with the user-friendly interface and sharing this system with users on the Internet. The characteristics of this simulation system are as follows: (1) Web-based user interface, (2) Accessible system through the Internet and (3) Sunlight and skylight simulation based on physically accurate equations with considering various sky conditions and the reflection from the surface of objects. As a case study, impact of the development plans are analyzed and evaluated using this system. Solar irradiance, sunshine duration and sky factor are calculated at the surface of the buildings and open spaces every 10 minutes from 8 to 16 on the winter solstice. The values of these indices are expressed as the ratio to those calculated under the condition with no buildings. In conclusion, this web-based simulation system can be useful for visualizing the sunlight and skylight conditions on outdoor open spaces and the surface of the buildings to evaluate development plans objectively. Users can make access to the system from almost all of the computers connected with the Internet and modify parameters by themselves to get desirable results. Further improvement of the user interface is necessary using more advanced technology of CGI, Java and JavaScript.},
  subject      = {Sonnenstrahlung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Molkenthin2000,
  author    = {Molkenthin, Frank},
  title     = {WWW based Simulation Systems and Project Platforms in Civil Engineering},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.597},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5972},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {The availability of the WWW technology and the introduction of the Internet as basic resource like water, electricity or gas changes dramatically normal live, business and of course civil engineering. New technologies enable innovative technical solutions and offer new potential for improvements towards support of humans nature appropriate ways of working. This demands a new culture of work and collaboration. To contribute to theses challenges is a matter the discipline 'Bauinformatik' by supporting related research, development, education and training in civil engineering. This contribution to the IKM Conference 2000 in Weimar sketches selected research and education activities of the institutes of the authors on the topics of WWW based simulation systems (example WEASEL) and of WWW based project platforms (projects MorWin and TaiGer as well as an European education experiment). Both topics supports the collaboration by new ways of tele cooperation in international, heterogeneous and interdisciplinary engineering. Demonstration from this developments and projects will be used to illustrate the dimension of changes in civil engineering in due to modern ICT.},
  subject      = {Bauwesen},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchulzKirschkeSchatter1997,
  author    = {Schulz, Thomas and Kirschke, Heiko and Schatter, G.},
  title     = {Das Internet als Basis f{\"u}r die Produktinformation im Bauwesen},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.546},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-5468},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {Die Gesamtheit der Produktinformationen im Bauwesen stellt sich als sehr inkonsistente und redundante Informationsmenge dar. Die Hersteller stehen vor der Aufgabe, diese Produktinformationen nicht nur in der {\"u}blichen Katalogform sondern auch in neuen Medien wie CD-ROM und WWW zu publizieren. Einmal betriebener Erfassungsaufwand muß sich dabei durch eine einfache Mehrfachverwendung der Daten rentieren. Wegen seiner technologischen Eigenschaften eignet sich das WWW sehr gut als prim{\"a}re Quelle f{\"u}r Produktinformationen. Vor allem wegen der m{\"o}glichen Aktualit{\"a}t sollte es Grundlage f{\"u}r Publikationen in den anderen Medien sein. Mit verh{\"a}ltnism{\"a}ßig geringem Aufwand lassen sich die WWW-Pr{\"a}sentation von Produktdaten so strukturieren, daß eine automatisierte Erfassung und Verarbeitung dieser Daten vereinfacht wird. So kann die Datenkonsistenz von der visuellen Pr{\"a}sentation in herk{\"o}mmlichen Katalogen bis zur automatisch erstellten Produktdatenbank durchg{\"a}ngig gesichert werden. Vor dem Hintergrund der von Schnittstellenproblemen, heterogener Softwarestruktur und unzureichender Ausnutzung der M{\"o}glichkeiten der Informatik gekennzeichneten Situation im Bauwesen wird in generalisierter Ansatz mittels SGML vorgestellt. Mit einem derartigen Datenangebot werden neue, verteilte und vernetzte Anwendungen auf Grundlage derselben Produktdaten erm{\"o}glicht.},
  subject      = {Bauwesen},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Steinmetzger2003,
  author    = {Steinmetzger, Rolf},
  title     = {Arbeitsschutz im Internet - ein Weg zum papierarmen B{\"u}ro?},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.475},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4752},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Situation und Entwicklungstendenzen; Arbeitsprozesse im Arbeitsschutz; Das Internet; Arbeitsschutz im Internet (Internet-Inhalte auf dem Weg zum papierlosen B{\"u}ro); Datenaustausch und papierloses B{\"u}ro. Dank Telekommunikation und Internet sind wir auf dem besten Weg zum papierlosen B{\"u}ro. Papier gebundenen Informationen werden jetzt schon durch Online-Dienste und digitale Dokumenten-Management-Systeme zur{\"u}ckgedr{\"a}ngt. Dank Vernetzung wachsen die M{\"o}glichkeiten simultanen Arbeitens. Auf dem Gebiet des Arbeitsschutzes bestehen aktuell bereits gute Arbeitsm{\"o}glichkeiten.},
  subject      = {Arbeitsschutz},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{WasserfuhrScherer1997,
  author    = {Wasserfuhr, R. and Scherer, Raimar J.},
  title     = {Information Management in the Concurrent Design Process},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.445},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4456},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {Former achievements for integrated information management have concentrated on interoperability of applications like e.g. CAD, structural analysis or facility management, based on product models introducing additional application independent model layers (core models). In the last years it has become clear, that besides interoperability of autonomous applications, the concurrent processes of model instantiation and evolution have to be modeled, including the relationship to available project resources, persons, legal requirements and communication infrastructure. This paper discusses some basic concepts for an emerging methodology relating the fields of product modeling, project management and workflow systems by elaborating the concept of a process model, which gives a decomposition of the project goals into executable activities. Integrated information management systems should be related to process models to detect pending activities, deadlocks and alternatives of execution. According to the heterogeneous nature of project communication processes, a method for dynamic classification of ad-hoc activities is suggested, that complements predefined highlevel process definitions. In a brief outline of the system architecture, we show how sophisticated information management systems can be broadly made available by using conventional Internet technologies.},
  subject      = {Informationsmanagement},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Zentner2003,
  author    = {Zentner, Frank},
  title     = {Einsatz internetbasierter Projektplattformen im Bereich der Bauausf{\"u}hrung - "Digitales Bautagebuch"},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.382},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-3822},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Der Einsatz internetbasierter Projektplattformen in der Bauausf{\"u}hrung wurde bisher kaum thematisiert. Die typischen Vorteile des Einsatzes solcher Werkzeuge, wie etwa die Unterst{\"u}tzung kooperativer, geographisch und zeitlich verteilter Prozesse, scheinen f{\"u}r diesen Einsatzbereich nicht so offensichtlich zu sein wie f{\"u}r den Bereich der Geb{\"a}udeplanung. Vor dem Hintergrund der anhaltend problematischen Situation der Bauwirtschaft und der Tatsache, dass im Bereich der Bauausf{\"u}hrung oftmals die wesentlichen Ursachen f{\"u}r einen unplanm{\"a}ßigen Ablauf von Bauprojekten oder ein Verfehlen von Kosten-, Termin- oder Qualit{\"a}tszielen zu finden sind, kommt diesen Anwendungen eine große Bedeutung zu. Im Rahmen eines gr{\"o}ßeren Forschungsprojektes des BMWi (TK3 GIT Siegen / Projekttr{\"a}ger PTJ-BEO) wurde unter dem Arbeitstitel >Digitales Bautagebuch< ein ausf{\"u}hrungsorientiertes Modul f{\"u}r eine schon in den Planungsphasen des Projektes eingesetzte Projektplattform entwickelt. Dabei wurde projektbegleitend eine Umgebung implementiert, welche sowohl die Bauleitung bei ihrer t{\"a}glichen Arbeit unterst{\"u}tzt als auch Entscheidungstr{\"a}gern und anderen Projektbeteiligten einen schnellen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber den Stand der Arbeiten erm{\"o}glicht. Dieser Beitrag setzt sich mit dem Einsatz internetbasierter Projektplattformen im Bereich der Bauausf{\"u}hrung auseinander und beschreibt deren M{\"o}glichkeiten unter Einbringung der Erfahrungen aus der Anwendung im Bauprojekt TK3 GIT Siegen.},
  subject      = {Digitalisierung},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{WillenbacherHuebler2003,
  author    = {Willenbacher, Heiko and H{\"u}bler, Reinhard},
  title     = {Intelligentes Verkn{\"u}pfungsmanagement am Beispiel einer 3D-Visualisierung},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.378},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-3789},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Bauprojekte sind in immer st{\"a}rkerem Maße durch r{\"a}umlich verteilt und zeitlich variant t{\"a}tige hochspezialisierte Fachplaner auf Basis stark differenzierter Hard- und Softwaresysteme gekennzeichnet. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit einer durchg{\"a}ngig computergest{\"u}tzten prozeß{\"u}bergreifenden Informationsbereitstellung. Eine deklarativ orientierte integrierte Arbeits- und Planungsumgebung auf Basis eines digitalen Bauwerksmodells bietet das Potential zur Realisierung des erforderlichen Informationsaustausches. Der im Sonderforschungsbereich 524 entwickelte verkn{\"u}pfungsbasierte Bauwerksmodellierungsansatz stellt einen derartigen Ansatz dar und bietet ad{\"a}quate M{\"o}glichkeiten zur Modellintegration und zur modell{\"u}bergreifenden Navigation im Gesamtdatenbestand auf Basis dynamisch manipulierbarer Verkn{\"u}pfungen zwischen Modellelementen. Die Erstellung von Verkn{\"u}pfungen stellt einen komplizierten Prozeß dar. Um ein effizientes dynamisches Definieren von Verkn{\"u}pfungstypen zu gew{\"a}hrleisten sind unterst{\"u}tzende Tools im Sinne eines intelligenten Verkn{\"u}pfungsmanagements notwenig. Die Hauptaufgabe dieser Hilfsmittel besteht darin, die Partialmodelle zielgerichtet zu analysieren und entsprechende Vorschl{\"a}ge f{\"u}r die Elemente eines Verkn{\"u}pfungstyps zu generieren und diese auch entsprechend zu verarbeiten. Hierzu wird ein regelbasierter Ansatz mit Visualisierungsmethoden zur Erh{\"o}hung der Transparenz des Verkn{\"u}pfungsmanagements kombiniert. Die Wissensbasis stellt dabei das objektorientiert strukturiert vorgehaltene Dom{\"a}nenwissen in den jeweiligen Partialmodellen dar. Der deklarativen Wissensabbildung folgend steht zur Erkennung von Zusammenh{\"a}ngen zwischen Elementen verschiedener Partialmodelle ein explizit definierter und extern vorgehaltener Regelapparat zur Verf{\"u}gung. Am Beispiel einer 3D-Visualiserung der Elemente eines Partialmodells Architektur werden die entwickelten Konzepte evaluiert.},
  subject      = {Geb{\"a}ude},
  language  = {de}
}