@inproceedings{AldaCremersBilek2004,
  author    = {Alda, Sascha and Cremers, Armin B. and Bilek, Jochen},
  title     = {Support of Collaborative Structural Design Processes through the Integration of Peer-to-Peer and Multiagent Architectures},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.148},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1481},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Structural engineering projects are increasingly organized in networked cooperations due to a permanently enlarged competition pressure and a high degree of complexity while performing the concurrent design activities. Software that intends to support such collaborative structural design processes implicates enormous requirements. In the course of our common research work, we analyzed the pros and cons of the application of both the peer-to-peer (University of Bonn) and multiagent architecture style (University of Bochum) within the field of collaborative structural design. In this paper, we join the benefits of both architecture styles in an integrated conceptual approach. We demonstrate the surplus value of the integrated multiagent-peer-to-peer approach by means of an example scenario in which several structural engineers are co-operatively designing the basic structural elements of an arched bridge, applying heterogeneous CAD systems.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BubnerFriedrich2003,
  author    = {Bubner, Andre and Friedrich, Torsten},
  title     = {Klassifikation und Definition baufachlicher Verkn{\"u}pfungstypen als Basis zur Modell{\"u}berf{\"u}hrung im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.283},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-2834},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Die Bearbeitung von Bauprojekten erfordert ein hohes Maß an Fachwissen verschiedener Disziplinen. Dabei kommt eine Vielzahl spezialisierter Fachmodelle zum Einsatz. Zur {\"U}bernahme der Daten von anderen Planern in das eigene, neu zu erstellende Fachmodell sind die verf{\"u}gbaren Inhalte aus verschiedenen Modellen vom Fachplaner entsprechend seiner Anforderungen anzupassen und um spezifische Inhalte zu erg{\"a}nzen. Dabei ergeben sich Beziehungen, welche die Zusammenh{\"a}nge und Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten der Fachmodelle untereinander aufzeigen. Eine zugleich allgemeing{\"u}ltige sowie vollst{\"a}ndige Vordefinition des durch die Beziehungen beschriebenen Modellverbundes ist kaum m{\"o}glich. Zur rechnerinternen Abbildung erfolgt aus diesem Grund eine Zerlegung des Modellverbundes in Partialmodelle und entsprechende Verkn{\"u}pfungen. Die Beschaffenheit des Beziehungsgeflechtes h{\"a}ngt sowohl von der Qualit{\"a}t der Datenmodelle als auch von der Beschreibungsg{\"u}te der Verkn{\"u}pfungstypen, deren Definition ein hohes Maß an Fachwissen erfordern, ab. Mit einem Konzept zur Strukturierung und Zerlegung der Verbindungen in Basiselemente sowie der Integrationsm{\"o}glichkeit zu komplexeren Elementen wird eine einfachere Erstellung, Wartung und Anpassung von umfassenden baufachlichen Inhalten erm{\"o}glicht. Zur Sicherung einer hochwertigen Beschreibung des Modellverbundes ist ein an die F{\"a}higkeiten des Ingenieurs ausgerichteter Zugang zur Spezifikation und Anpassung der Beziehungsdefinitionen unverzichtbar.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{EslimyIsfahanyPegels2004,
  author    = {Eslimy-Isfahany, S. H. R. and Pegels, Georg},
  title     = {Net-distributed Co-operation Including Developing Countries, Practical Case Study - Iran},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.142},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1421},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The scientific transfer of key technology features to developing countries, together with adequate competence, localisation and adaptation, is the primary purpose of the proposed investigation. It is evident that introducing high-level CAD design and detailing will improve the planning process in developing countries. Successful utilization of applied information technology for the planning process, however, depends on the user-interface of individual software. Therefore, to open the great opportunity embedded in CAD software for clients globally, the language and character-set barrier of traditional user-interfaces must be overcome. A proposal for a research program is given here to address such issue in favour of global civil engineering.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GebbekenBaumhauerIonita2004,
  author    = {Gebbeken, Norbert and Baumhauer, Andreas and Ionita, Mihai},
  title     = {Increasing the Reliability and Performance through Automatization and Parallel Working},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.139},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1397},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Re-examination of the behaviour of structures can be necessary due to deterioration or changes in the traffic situation during their lifetime. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is widely used in order to accomplish numerical analysis. Considering the development of computer performance, more detailed FEM models can be analyzed, even on site, with mobile computers. To compensate the increasing amount of data needed for the model input, measures need to be taken to save time, by distributing the work. In order to provide consistency to the model, fedback data must be checked upon reception. A local wireless computer network of ultra-portable devices linked together with a computer can provide the coordination necessary for efficient parallel working. Based on a digital model consisting of all data gathered, structural modelling and numerical analysis are performed automatically. Thus, the user is released from the work that can be automatized and the time needed for the overall analysis of a structure is decreased.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HartmannMeissnerRueppel2004,
  author    = {Hartmann, Dietrich and Meißner, Udo F. and Rueppel, Uwe},
  title     = {Integration of Productmodel Databases into Multi-Agent Systems},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.141},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1410},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This paper deals with two different agent-based approaches aimed at the incorporation of complex design information into multi-agent planning systems. The first system facilitates collaborative structural design processes, the second one supports fire engineering in buildings. Both approaches are part of two different research projects that belong to the DFG1 priority program 1103 entitled "Network-based Co-operative Planning Processes in Structural Engineering" (DFG 2000). The two approaches provide similar database wrapper agents to integrate relevant design information into two multi-agent systems: Database wrapper agents make the relevant product model data usable for further agents in the multi-agent system, independent on their physical location. Thus, database wrapper agents act as an interface between multi-agent system and heterogeneous database systems. The communication between the database wrapper agents and other requesting agents presumes a common vocabulary: a specific database ontology that maps database related message contents into database objects. Hereby, the software-wrapping technology enables the various design experts to plug in existing database systems and data resources into a specific multi-agent system easily. As a consequence, dynamic changes in the design information of large collaborative engineering projects are adequately supported. The flexible architecture of the database wrapper agent concept is demonstrated by the integration of an XML and a relational database system.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Hartmann2004,
  author    = {Hartmann, Ulrich C.},
  title     = {Collaboration in AEC Design : Web-enabling Applications using Peer-to-Peer Office Communicator},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.138},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1386},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A market analysis conducted by Gartner Dataquest in August 2001 has shown the typical characteristics of the AEC design process. High volatility in membership of AEC design groups and members dispersed over several external offices is the common collaboration scenario. Membership is most times short lived, compared to the overall duration of the process. A technical solution has to take that into account by making joining and leaving a collaborative work group very easy. The modelling of roles of collaboration between group members must be based on a commonly understood principle like the publisher / subscriber model, where the individual that is responsible for the distribution of vital information is clear. Security issues and trust in the confidentiality of the system is a central concern for the acceptance of the system. Therefore, keeping the subset of data that will be published under the absolute control of the publisher is a must. This is not the case with server-based scenarios, sometimes even due to psychological reasons. A loosely bound Peer-to-Peer network offers advantages over a server-based solution, because of less administrative overhead and simple installation procedures. In a peer-to-peer environment, a publish/subscribe role model can be more easily implemented. The publish/subscribe model matches the way AEC processes are modelled in real world scenarios today, where legal proof of information exchange between external offices is of high importance. Workflow management systems for small to midsize companies of the AEC industry may adopt the peer-to-peer approach to collaboration in the future. Further investigations are being made on the research level (WINDS) by integrating the viewer and redlining application Collaborate! into a collaborative environment.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Krzizek1997,
  author    = {Krzizek, H.},
  title     = {Zur bauingenieurgerechten Speicherung von Entwurfspl{\"a}nen des konstruktiven Ingenieurbaues in Datenbanken},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.485},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-4850},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {Es wird gezeigt, daß im allgemeinen die Zeichnungsinhalte von Entwurfspl{\"a}nen im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau in Teilzeichnungen zerlegt werden k{\"o}nnen, denen fachspezifische Objekte des Bauwesen entsprechen. Solche Objekte sind beispiels- weise Querschnitte, Tr{\"a}ger, St{\"u}tzen und Fundamente. Diese Teilobjekte werden durch eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Parametern festgelegt werden. W{\"a}hlt man f{\"u}r diese Parameter die entsprechendnen Fachbegriffe, so hat man durch diese die M{\"o}glichkeit die Teilobjekte auch in Datenbanken zu speichern. Neben den Sachparametern m{\"u}ssen auch zeichnungs- technische Werte, wie Maßstab, gew{\"a}hlte L{\"a}ngeneinheiten (m,cm..) und Einsatzpunkt - f{\"u}r die Lage des Teilobjektes im Gesamtplan - gespeichert werden. Zeichenmodule f{\"u}r jedes Teilobjekt k{\"o}nnen dann bei Aufruf eines bestimmten Planes aus den Daten der Datenbank die Teilzeichnungen generieren, sodaß eine Planspeicherung in der {\"u}bliche Speicherform (Speicherelemente Punkt, Linie usw.) nicht mehr erforderlich ist. Neben der reinen Darstellung k{\"o}nnen die Programmodule auch dahingehend erweitert werden, daß auch die zugeh{\"o}rigen Berechnungen durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Die numerischen Ergebnisse wie auch die Eingabewerte werden in einem alfanumerischen Dokument abgelegt. Damit ergibt sich dann ein Konstruktionsystem f{\"u}r den Entwurf, das insbesondere die Berechnung von Varianten sehr erleichertert. In Sonderf{\"a}llen k{\"o}nnen auch die Pl{\"a}ne in ein Standard CAD Programm eingelesen werden, um allf{\"a}llige Besonderheiten interaktiv zu erg{\"a}nzen. Das relationale Modell wird weiters vorgestellt, nach dem die Zeichnungsinhalte gespeichert werden. Neben reinen Teilobjekts{\"a}tzen werden auch Tabellens{\"a}tze verwendet, um unter einem Namen mehrere numersiche Daten verwalten zu k{\"o}nnen. Es werden auch sogenannte Fort- setzungss{\"a}tze besprochen, die in Entsprechung der stark unterschiedlichen Anzahl der Objektattibute verwendet werden.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{LehnerHartmann2004,
  author    = {Lehner, Karlheinz and Hartmann, Dietrich},
  title     = {Scenarios for the deployment of distributed engineering applications},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.147},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1476},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Although there are some good reasons to design engineering software as a stand-alone application for a single computer, there are also numerous possibilities for creating distributed engineering applications, in particular using the Internet. This paper presents some typical scenarios how engineering applications can benefit from including network capabilities. Also, some examples of Internet-based engineering applications are discussed to show how the concepts presented can be implemented.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LaehrBletzinger2004,
  author    = {L{\"a}hr, Andr{\´e} and Bletzinger, Kai-Uwe},
  title     = {Design of an Analysis Environment for Planning Decision Support},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.1370},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1370},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this contribution, the design of an analysis environment is presented, that supports an analyst to come to a decision within a gradual collaborative planning process. An analyst represents a project manager, planner or any other person, involved in the planning process. Today, planning processes are managed by several geographically distributed planners and project managers. Thus, complexity of such a process rises even more. Prediction of consequences of many planning decisions is not possible, in particular since assessment of a planning advance is not trivial. There have to be considered several viewpoints, that depend on individual perceptions. In the following, methods are presented to realize planning decision support.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MeissnerRueppelTheiss2004,
  author    = {Meißner, Udo F. and Rueppel, Uwe and Theiss, Mirko},
  title     = {Network-Based Fire Engineering Supported by Agents},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.144},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20111215-1447},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Building design in Civil Engineering is characterized by the cooperation of experts in multiple disciplines. Close cooperation of engineers in different fields is the basis of high product quality, short development periods and a minimum of investment costs. For each building the engineers have to create a new fire engineering model. The consistent realization of the fire engineering model in all details has high demands on communication, collaboration and building models. Thereby, to preserve the related design models consistent to each other and compatible with the rules of fire engineering is a complex task. In addition, regulations and guidelines vary according to the building location, so the knowledge base must be integrated dynamically into the planning process. This contribution covers the integration of engineers and design models into a cooperation network on the basis of mobile agents. The distributed models of architectural design, structural planning and fire engineering are supported. These models are implemented as XML-based models which can be accessed by mobile agents for information retrieval and for processing tasks. Agents are provided to all planners, they are enabled to check up the distributed design models with the knowledge base of the fire protection regulations,. With the use of such an agent each planner is supported to check up his planning for accordance with the fire protection requirements. The fire-engineering-agent analyzes the design and detects inconsistencies by processing fire protection requirements and design model facts in a rule-based expert system. The possibility to check the planning information at an early state in the sense of compatibility to the fire protection regulations enables a comprehensive diagnosis of the design and the reduction of planning errors.},
  subject      = {Ingenieurbau},
  language  = {en}
}