@article{AlsaadHartmannVoelker, author = {Alsaad, Hayder and Hartmann, Maria and Voelker, Conrad}, title = {The effect of a living wall system designated for greywater treatment on the hygrothermal performance of the facade}, series = {Energy and Buildings}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Energy and Buildings}, number = {volume 255, article 111711}, doi = {10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111711}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20240116-65299}, pages = {17}, abstract = {Besides their multiple known benefits regarding urban microclimate, living walls can be used as decentralized stand-alone systems to treat greywater locally at the buildings. While this offers numerous environmental advantages, it can have a considerable impact on the hygrothermal performance of the facade as such systems involve bringing large quantities of water onto the facade. As it is difficult to represent complex entities such as plants in the typical simulation tools used for heat and moisture transport, this study suggests a new approach to tackle this challenge by coupling two tools: ENVI-Met and Delphin. ENVI-Met was used to simulate the impact of the plants to determine the local environmental parameters at the living wall. Delphin, on the other hand, was used to conduct the hygrothermal simulations using the local parameters calculated by ENVI-Met. Four wall constructions were investigated in this study: an uninsulated brick wall, a precast concrete plate, a sandy limestone wall, and a double-shell wall. The results showed that the living wall improved the U-value, the exterior surface temperature, and the heat flux through the wall. Moreover, the living wall did not increase the risk of moisture in the wall during winter and eliminated the risk of condensation.}, subject = {Feuchteleitung}, language = {en} } @article{PollackLueckWolfetal., author = {Pollack, Moritz and L{\"u}ck, Andrea and Wolf, Mario and Kraft, Eckhard and V{\"o}lker, Conrad}, title = {Energy and Business Synergy: Leveraging Biogenic Resources from Agriculture, Waste, and Wastewater in German Rural Areas}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {volume 15, issue 24, article 16573}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/su152416573}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231222-65172}, pages = {1 -- 25}, abstract = {The imperative to transform current energy provisions is widely acknowledged. However, scant attention has hitherto been directed toward rural municipalities and their innate resources, notably biogenic resources. In this paper, a methodological framework is developed to interconnect resources from waste, wastewater, and agricultural domains for energy utilization. This entails cataloging existing resources, delineating their potential via quantitative assessments utilizing diverse technologies, and encapsulating them in a conceptual model. The formulated models underwent iterative evaluation with engagement from diverse stakeholders. Consequently, 3 main concepts, complemented by 72 sub-concepts, were delineated, all fostering positive contributions to climate protection and providing heat supply in the rural study area. The outcomes' replicability is underscored by the study area's generic structure and the employed methodology. Through these inquiries, a framework for the requisite energy transition, with a pronounced emphasis on the coupling of waste, wastewater, and agriculture sectors in rural environments, is robustly analyzed.}, subject = {Energiewende}, language = {en} } @article{SchwenkeSoebkeKraft, author = {Schwenke, Nicolas and S{\"o}bke, Heinrich and Kraft, Eckhard}, title = {Potentials and Challenges of Chatbot-Supported Thesis Writing: An Autoethnography}, series = {Trends in Higher Education}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Trends in Higher Education}, number = {Volume 2, issue 4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/higheredu2040037}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-65016}, pages = {611 -- 635}, abstract = {The release of the large language model-based chatbot ChatGPT 3.5 in November 2022 has brought considerable attention to the subject of artificial intelligence, not only to the public. From the perspective of higher education, ChatGPT challenges various learning and assessment formats as it significantly reduces the effectiveness of their learning and assessment functionalities. In particular, ChatGPT might be applied to formats that require learners to generate text, such as bachelor theses or student research papers. Accordingly, the research question arises to what extent writing of bachelor theses is still a valid learning and assessment format. Correspondingly, in this exploratory study, the first author was asked to write his bachelor's thesis exploiting ChatGPT. For tracing the impact of ChatGPT methodically, an autoethnographic approach was used. First, all considerations on the potential use of ChatGPT were documented in logs, and second, all ChatGPT chats were logged. Both logs and chat histories were analyzed and are presented along with the recommendations for students regarding the use of ChatGPT suggested by a common framework. In conclusion, ChatGPT is beneficial for thesis writing during various activities, such as brainstorming, structuring, and text revision. However, there are limitations that arise, e.g., in referencing. Thus, ChatGPT requires continuous validation of the outcomes generated and thus fosters learning. Currently, ChatGPT is valued as a beneficial tool in thesis writing. However, writing a conclusive thesis still requires the learner's meaningful engagement. Accordingly, writing a thesis is still a valid learning and assessment format. With further releases of ChatGPT, an increase in capabilities is to be expected, and the research question needs to be reevaluated from time to time.}, subject = {Chatbot}, language = {en} } @article{LizarazuHarirchianShaiketal., author = {Lizarazu, Jorge and Harirchian, Ehsan and Shaik, Umar Arif and Shareef, Mohammed and Antoni-Zdziobek, Annie and Lahmer, Tom}, title = {Application of machine learning-based algorithms to predict the stress-strain curves of additively manufactured mild steel out of its microstructural characteristics}, series = {Results in Engineering}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Results in Engineering}, number = {Volume 20 (2023)}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.rineng.2023.101587}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-65028}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {The study presents a Machine Learning (ML)-based framework designed to forecast the stress-strain relationship of arc-direct energy deposited mild steel. Based on microstructural characteristics previously extracted using microscopy and X-ray diffraction, approximately 1000 new parameter sets are generated by applying the Latin Hypercube Sampling Method (LHSM). For each parameter set, a Representative Volume Element (RVE) is synthetically created via Voronoi Tessellation. Input raw data for ML-based algorithms comprises these parameter sets or RVE-images, while output raw data includes their corresponding stress-strain relationships calculated after a Finite Element (FE) procedure. Input data undergoes preprocessing involving standardization, feature selection, and image resizing. Similarly, the stress-strain curves, initially unsuitable for training traditional ML algorithms, are preprocessed using cubic splines and occasionally Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The later part of the study focuses on employing multiple ML algorithms, utilizing two main models. The first model predicts stress-strain curves based on microstructural parameters, while the second model does so solely from RVE images. The most accurate prediction yields a Root Mean Squared Error of around 5 MPa, approximately 1\% of the yield stress. This outcome suggests that ML models offer precise and efficient methods for characterizing dual-phase steels, establishing a framework for accurate results in material analysis.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {en} } @article{BertramAltrock, author = {Bertram, Grischa Frederik and Altrock, Uwe}, title = {Jenseits agonistischer Planungstheorien: Die „Normalit{\"a}t"von Protesten und ihr Einfluss auf die Konfliktaustragungin der r{\"a}umlichen Planung}, series = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, number = {Vol. 81, No. 5}, publisher = {oekom Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.14512/rur.1674}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231207-64995}, pages = {493 -- 508}, abstract = {Die Planungsforschung hat sich sp{\"a}testens seit der „kommunikativen Wende" intensiv damit besch{\"a}ftigt, wie mit Konflikten umgegangen werden soll und wird. Ans{\"a}tze der „agonistischen" Planungstheorie widersprechen der normativen Pr{\"a}misse, Konsensbildung unter den Planungsbeteiligten anzustreben. Vielmehr wollen sie widerstreitende Positionen normativ f{\"u}r die r{\"a}umliche Entwicklung fruchtbar machen. Zugleich betonen sie eine vermeintliche Dualit{\"a}t von Planung und Protest, die in der neueren Protesttheorie infrage gestellt wird. Dieser Beitrag zeigt aufbauend auf einer Diskussion von planungs- und protesttheoretischen Ans{\"a}tzen und einer empirischen Analyse planungsbezogener Proteste in Deutschland, dass diese Proteste von den Planungsakteuren zwar immer st{\"a}rker als „Normalit{\"a}t" aufgefasst werden und antagonistische Partizipation trotz zunehmender Konflikthaftigkeit und vermeintlicher Infragestellung der repr{\"a}sentativen Demokratie kulturell regelgebunden bleibt. Protesthandeln ist Teil ausdifferenzierter „Partizipationsb{\"u}ndel", die situationsbezogen auch Teilnahme an Beteiligungsverfahren, direktdemokratische Verfahren und Klagen umfassen. Protestierende verfolgen dabei meist eine eher reformorientierte Agenda, die keiner „Z{\"a}hmung" bedarf. Allerdings k{\"o}nnen die zugrunde liegenden Konflikte h{\"a}ufig gar nicht „gel{\"o}st" werden. Planenden hingegen k{\"o}nnen auch innerhalb eines agonistischen Planungsumfelds rationalistische und deliberative Ans{\"a}tze zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen, die sie situationsbezogen und strategisch nutzen.}, subject = {Raumplanung}, language = {de} } @article{BrokowLogaKrueger, author = {Brokow-Loga, Anton and Kr{\"u}ger, Timmo}, title = {Potentials of Climate Emergency Declarations for degrowth transformations. The ambivalent stance of German municipalities in conflicts over a post-fossil future}, series = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Raumforschung und Raumordnung}, number = {Vol. 81, No. 5}, publisher = {oekom Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.14512/rur.1666}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231204-64984}, pages = {523 -- 537}, abstract = {This paper addresses the scope for action by municipalities in a climate emergency and places it in the framework of ecomodern (urban) policy. We analyse the way in which two German 'climate emergency municipalities' translate conflicts of post-fossil transformation into concrete political and planning strategies. Although more than 2,200 authorities around the world have already declared a climate emergency, research on the impact of these resolutions on the political orientation of municipalities is very limited. Our research focus is on the (potentially agonistic) treatment of conflicts in planning. We argue that in times of a socio-ecological crisis, success in conflict resolution cannot refer to appeasement and depoliticisation. Instead, we propose a framework of five criteria, based on critical theory on ecomodern strategies, planning processes and degrowth. Thus, this practice-related and explorative paper connects empirical insights from the German cities of Constance and Berlin with an innovative normative framework. The findings tell a complex story of an, at least partial, admission of the failure of previous climate mitigation strategies, a lack of social institutions of limits, an instrumental relation to nature and a disregard for social injustices. The paper discusses how municipalities, in the context of ongoing tensions over the post-fossil transformation in Germany, on the one hand hold on to business-as-usual approaches, but on the other hand also set political impulses for change.}, subject = {Stadtentwicklung}, language = {de} } @article{Suhr, author = {Suhr, Maike}, title = {Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung im Kontext journalistischer Neugr{\"u}ndungen: Eine Forschungsagenda}, series = {Global Media Journal German Edition}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Global Media Journal German Edition}, number = {Volume 13, No 1}, doi = {10.22032/dbt.57907}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231027-64836}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {Obgleich redaktionelle Diversit{\"a}t regelm{\"a}ßig als eine der Kernherausforderungen f{\"u}r den Journalismus gehandelt wird, tun sich journalistische Organisationen immer noch schwer damit, gleichberechtigte Zugangs-und Entfaltungschancen f{\"u}r Frauen, People of Color, Menschen aus Einwandererfamilien oder auf anderen Ebenen diskriminierungsbetroffene Journalist*innen zu schaffen. Stattdessen zeigt die gender-und diversit{\"a}tsbezogene Redaktionsforschung, dass Redaktionen nach wie vor in ihren Strukturen, Praktiken und in ihrer Kultur gesellschaftliche Machtverh{\"a}ltnisse widerspiegeln und (re-)produzieren. Doch im Zuge des „Entrepreneurial Journalism" entstehen heute vielerorts neue Organisationen. Diese journalistischen Neugr{\"u}ndungen zeichnen sich unter anderem durch kleinere, offenere und flexiblere Organisationsstrukturen aus. Ihr ver{\"a}nderter organisationaler Charakter wurde jedoch bislang noch nicht tiefergehend im Hinblick auf seine Potenziale und m{\"o}glichen Risiken f{\"u}r Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung untersucht. Der Beitrag hat somit zum Ziel, journalistische Neugr{\"u}ndungen als neuen Gegenstand auf der Agenda der organisations-und diskriminierungsbezogenen Journalismusforschung zu positionieren. Dazu werden ausgew{\"a}hlte Studien zum „Entrepreneurial Journalism" im Hinblick auf Diversit{\"a}t und (Anti-)Diskriminierung aufgearbeitet und bestehende Desiderata identifiziert. Auf dieser Grundlage wird schließlich eine programmatische Forschungsagenda entwickelt, um empirische Folgeforschung zum Thema anzustoßen.}, subject = {Journalismus}, language = {de} } @article{PartschefeldTutalHalmansederetal., author = {Partschefeld, Stephan and Tutal, Adrian and Halmanseder, Thomas and Schneider, Jens and Osburg, Andrea}, title = {Investigations on Stability of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers in Alkaline Activators for Geopolymer Binders}, series = {Materials}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Materials}, number = {Volume 16, issue 15, article 5369}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma16155369}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20231026-64809}, pages = {1 -- 14}, abstract = {Calcined clays are interesting starting materials to be used as SCMs (supplementary cementitious materials) in cements or to be converted to geopolymers by activation with a high alkaline activator. The adjustment of the properties in the fresh state, especially regarding the consistency of these binders, is almost exclusively achieved by the addition of water, since commercially available superplasticizers seem to be ineffective in low-calcium geopolymer systems. The aim of this study was a systematic investigation of various PCE (polycarboxylate ester/ether) superplasticizers (methacrylate ester PCE: MPEG, isoprenol ether PCE: IPEG, methallyl ether PCE: HPEG) with respect to their stability in different alkaline activators (NaOH, KOH, sodium and potassium silicate solutions). The effectiveness of superplasticizers (SPs) in low-calcium geopolymer binders was verified by rheological tests. Size exclusion chromatography was used to investigate if structural degradation of the superplasticizers occurs. The investigated PCE superplasticizers showed a thickening effect in the low-calcium geopolymer system. Depending on the alkalinity of the activator solution, a degradation process was detected for all the PCEs investigated. The side chains of the PCEs are cleaved off the backbone by basic ester and ether hydrolysis. The highest degree of degradation was found in sodium and potassium silicate solutions. In alkaline hydroxide solutions, the degradation process increases with increasing alkalinity.}, subject = {Geopolymere}, language = {en} } @article{AnsariTartaglioneKoenke, author = {Ansari, Meisam and Tartaglione, Fabiola and K{\"o}nke, Carsten}, title = {Experimental Validation of Dynamic Response of Small-Scale Metaconcrete Beams at Resonance Vibration}, series = {materials}, volume = {2023}, journal = {materials}, number = {volume 16, issue 14, article 5029}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma16145029}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230818-64154}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {Structures and their components experience substantially large vibration amplitudes at resonance, which can cause their failure. The scope of this study is the utilization of silicone-coated steel balls in concrete as damping aggregates to suppress the resonance vibration. The heavy steel cores oscillate with a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the structure. Due to the phase difference between the vibrations of the cores and the structure, the cores counteract the vibration of the structure. The core-coating inclusions are randomly distributed in concrete similar to standard aggregates. This mixture is referred to as metaconcrete. The main goal of this work is to validate the ability of the inclusions to suppress mechanical vibration through laboratory experiments. For this purpose, two small-scale metaconcrete beams were cast and tested. In a free vibration test, the metaconcrete beams exhibited a larger damping ratio compared to a similar beam cast from conventional concrete. The vibration amplitudes of the metaconcrete beams at resonance were measured with a frequency sweep test. In comparison with the conventional concrete beam, both metaconcrete beams demonstrated smaller vibration amplitudes. Both experiments verified an improvement in the dynamic response of the metaconcrete beams at resonance vibration.}, subject = {Beton}, language = {en} } @article{Coenen, author = {Coenen, Ekkehard}, title = {Anti-Gewalttrainings, Gewaltwissen und die institutionelle Erzeugung gewaltbefreiter Subjekte}, series = {Soziale Passagen}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Soziale Passagen}, publisher = {VS, Verl. f{\"u}r Sozialwissenschaften/GWV-Fachverlag}, address = {Wiesbaden}, doi = {10.1007/s12592-023-00453-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20230720-64104}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag fragt danach, wie Wissen {\"u}ber Gewalt in Anti-Gewalttrainings produziert, vermittelt und sozial wirkm{\"a}chtig wird. Auf Basis des kommunikativen Konstruktivismus werden diese Kurse als gewaltbezogene Institutionen begriffen, in denen eine Wissensordnung der Gewalt stabilisiert wird. Sie sollen Abweichungen von institutionalisierten Wirklichkeitsvorstellungen in Bezug auf Gewalt entgegenwirken. Dabei lassen sie sich als Selbsttechniken begreifen, durch welche die Kursteilnehmer*innen eine spezifische Subjektposition ein{\"u}ben, n{\"a}mlich die des gewaltbefreiten Subjekts. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird anschließend zwischen konditionalen und konzessiven Anti-Gewalttrainings unterschieden. Erstere wenden sich an Personen, die tats{\"a}chlich von der institutionalisierten Wirklichkeitsvorstellung abgewichen sind und somit gesellschaftlich als Gewaltt{\"a}ter*innen eingestuft werden, w{\"a}hrend Letztere auf eine Klientel zielen, die potenziell von den g{\"a}ngigen Normen abweichen k{\"o}nnte, obwohl noch keine Gewalt aufgetreten sein muss. Abschließend wird gezeigt, dass den Kursleiter*innen eine wichtige Rolle im Subjektivierungsprozess und der Wissenskommunikation {\"u}ber Gewalt zukommt. Neben Wissen {\"u}ber Gewalt werden durch sie auch Wertbindungen, Legitimationen und Weltbilder vermittelt.}, subject = {Gewalt}, language = {de} }