@article{KreibichPirothSeifertetal.,
  author    = {Kreibich, H. and Piroth, K. and Seifert, I. and Maiwald, Holger and Kunert, U. and Schwarz, Jochen and Merz, B. and Thieken, A. H.},
  title     = {Is flow velocity a significant parameter in flood damage modelling?},
  series = {Natural Hazards and Earth System Science},
  journal   = {Natural Hazards and Earth System Science},
  doi       = {10.25643/bauhaus-universitaet.3145},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170425-31455},
  pages     = {1679 -- 1692},
  abstract  = {Flow velocity is generally presumed to influence flood damage. However, this influence is hardly quantified and virtually no damage models take it into account. Therefore, the influences of flow velocity, water depth and combinations of these two impact parameters on various types of flood damage were investigated in five communities affected by the Elbe catchment flood in Germany in 2002. 2-D hydraulic models with high to medium spatial resolutions were used to calculate the impact parameters at the sites in which damage occurred. A significant influence of flow velocity on structural damage, particularly on roads, could be shown in contrast to a minor influence on monetary losses and business interruption. Forecasts of structural damage to road infrastructure should be based on flow velocity alone. The energy head is suggested as a suitable flood impact parameter for reliable forecasting of structural damage to residential buildings above a critical impact level of 2m of energy head or water depth. However, general consideration of flow velocity in flood damage modelling, particularly for estimating monetary loss, cannot be recommended.},
  subject      = {Str{\"o}mungsgeschwindigkeit},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScheuermannHuebnerSchlaegeretal.,
  author    = {Scheuermann, Alexander and Huebner, Christof and Schlaeger, Stefan and Wagner, Norman and Becker, Rolf and Bieberstein, Andreas},
  title     = {Spatial time domain reflectometry and its application for the measurement of water content distributions along flat ribbon cables in a full-scale levee model},
  series = {Water Resources Research},
  journal   = {Water Resources Research},
  doi       = {10.1029/2008WR007073},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:wim2-20170425-31601},
  abstract  = {Spatial time domain reflectometry (spatial TDR) is a new measurement method for determining water content profiles along elongated probes (transmission lines). The method is based on the inverse modeling of TDR reflectograms using an optimization algorithm. By means of using flat ribbon cables it is possible to take two independent TDRmeasurements from both ends of the probe, which are used to improve the spatial information content of the optimization results and to consider effects caused by electrical conductivity. The method has been used for monitoring water content distributions on a full-scale levee model made of well-graded clean sand. Flood simulation tests, irrigation tests, and long-term observations were carried out on the model. The results show that spatial TDR is able to determine water content distributions with an accuracy of the spatial resolution of about ±3 cm compared to pore pressure measurements and an average deviation of ±2 vol \% compared to measurements made using another independent TDR measurement system.},
  subject      = {Damm},
  language  = {en}
}